{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T22:47:44Z","timestamp":1771627664065,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,14]],"date-time":"2013-06-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1371168000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0066737","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,14]],"date-time":"2013-06-14T21:25:04Z","timestamp":1371245104000},"page":"e66737","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":109,"title":["Expression of ST3GAL4 Leads to SLex Expression and Induces c-Met Activation and an Invasive Phenotype in Gastric Carcinoma Cells"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Catarina","family":"Gomes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Hugo","family":"Os\u00f3rio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Marta Teixeira","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Maria Jos\u00e9","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Celso A.","family":"Reis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.2009.071035","article-title":"Alterations in glycosylation as biomarkers for cancer detection","volume":"63","author":"CA Reis","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc1649","article-title":"The sweet and sour of cancer: glycans as novel therapeutic targets","volume":"5","author":"MM Fuster","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7390","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.16.7390","article-title":"Selectin ligands","volume":"91","author":"A Varki","year":"1994","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2193","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.261704098","article-title":"Synergistic effects of L- and P-selectin in facilitating tumor metastasis can involve non-mucin ligands and implicate leukocytes as enhancers of metastasis","volume":"99","author":"L Borsig","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-5002(98)00016-6","article-title":"Increased expression of sialyl Lewis(x) antigen is associated with distant metastasis in lung cancer patients: immunohistochemical study on bronchofiberscopic biopsy specimens","volume":"20","author":"K Fukuoka","year":"1998","journal-title":"Lung Cancer"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9325","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.16.9325","article-title":"P-selectin deficiency attenuates tumor growth and metastasis","volume":"95","author":"YJ Kim","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1006584829246","article-title":"Immunohistochemical expression of the sialyl Lewis x antigen on gastric cancer cells correlates with the presence of liver metastasis","volume":"16","author":"M Tatsumi","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Exp Metastasis"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(98)70529-3","article-title":"Dimeric sialyl-Le(x) expression in gastric carcinoma correlates with venous invasion and poor outcome","volume":"114","author":"M Amado","year":"1998","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1159\/000030036","article-title":"Histopathological subtypes and prognosis of gastric cancer are correlated with the expression of mucin-associated sialylated antigens: Sialosyl-Lewis(a), Sialosyl-Lewis(x) and sialosyl-Tn","volume":"19","author":"SE Baldus","year":"1998","journal-title":"Tumour Biol"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0215(20001015)88:2<281::AID-IJC21>3.0.CO;2-2","article-title":"Expression of SIALYL-Le(x) antigen defined by MAb AM-3 is an independent prognostic marker in colorectal carcinoma patients","volume":"88","author":"P Grabowski","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02258386","article-title":"Involvement of carbohydrate antigen sialyl Lewis(x) in colorectal cancer metastasis","volume":"40","author":"S Nakamori","year":"1997","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"425","article-title":"Molecular mechanism involved in increased expression of sialyl Lewis antigens in ductal carcinoma of the pancreas","volume":"18","author":"S Nakamori","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Exp Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.2741\/e396","article-title":"Sialyltransferases functions in cancers","volume":"4","author":"A Harduin-Lepers","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front Biosci (Elite Ed)"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1093\/glycob\/cwi063","article-title":"The animal sialyltransferases and sialyltransferase-related genes: a phylogenetic approach","volume":"15","author":"A Harduin-Lepers","year":"2005","journal-title":"Glycobiology"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-9084(01)01301-3","article-title":"The human sialyltransferase family","volume":"83","author":"A Harduin-Lepers","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biochimie"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1093\/glycob\/7.4.469","article-title":"Mouse beta-galactoside alpha 2,3-sialyltransferases: comparison of in vitro substrate specificities and tissue specific expression","volume":"7","author":"M Kono","year":"1997","journal-title":"Glycobiology"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11479","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.17.11479","article-title":"Molecular cloning of a novel alpha2,3-sialyltransferase (ST3Gal VI) that sialylates type II lactosamine structures on glycoproteins and glycolipids","volume":"274","author":"T Okajima","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3618","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2002-04-1007","article-title":"Sialyltransferase specificity in selectin ligand formation","volume":"100","author":"LG Ellies","year":"2002","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3207","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200636157","article-title":"Alpha 2,3-sialyltransferase-IV is essential for L-selectin ligand function in inflammation","volume":"36","author":"M Sperandio","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1993.1830","article-title":"Cloning and expression of human Gal beta 1,3(4)GlcNAc alpha 2,3-sialyltransferase","volume":"194","author":"H Kitagawa","year":"1993","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2045","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biochi.2012.05.030","article-title":"TNF regulates sialyl-Lewisx and 6-sulfo-sialyl-Lewisx expression in human lung through up-regulation of ST3GAL4 transcript isoform BX","volume":"94","author":"F Colomb","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biochimie"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2009.09.010","article-title":"Differential expression of alpha-2,3-sialyltransferases and alpha-1,3\/4-fucosyltransferases regulates the levels of sialyl Lewis a and sialyl Lewis x in gastrointestinal carcinoma cells","volume":"42","author":"AS Carvalho","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Biochem Cell Biol"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1007\/s12032-010-9771-1","article-title":"Altered mRNA expressions of sialyltransferases in human gastric cancer tissues","volume":"29","author":"L Jun","year":"2012","journal-title":"Med Oncol"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4165(99)00080-X","article-title":"Altered mRNA expression of glycosyltransferases in human gastric carcinomas","volume":"1428","author":"T Petretti","year":"1999","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1093\/glycob\/cws049","article-title":"The ganglioside G(D2) induces the constitutive activation of c-Met in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells expressing the G(D3) synthase","volume":"22","author":"A Cazet","year":"2012","journal-title":"Glycobiology"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1515\/BC.2009.054","article-title":"GD3 synthase overexpression enhances proliferation and migration of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells","volume":"390","author":"A Cazet","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carres.2010.01.024","article-title":"Consequences of the expression of sialylated antigens in breast cancer","volume":"345","author":"A Cazet","year":"2010","journal-title":"Carbohydr Res"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S7","DOI":"10.1177\/1758834011422556","article-title":"An overview of the c-MET signaling pathway","volume":"3","author":"SL Organ","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ther Adv Med Oncol"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2009.11.005","article-title":"Developing c-MET pathway inhibitors for cancer therapy: progress and challenges","volume":"16","author":"X Liu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Trends Mol Med"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2009.136333","article-title":"Sweetening the pot: adding glycosylation to the biomarker discovery equation","volume":"56","author":"PM Drake","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10231","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.172380699","article-title":"Glycosylation defining cancer malignancy: new wine in an old bottle","volume":"99","author":"S Hakomori","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd1751","article-title":"Glycans in cancer and inflammation--potential for therapeutics and diagnostics","volume":"4","author":"DH Dube","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2008.06.002","article-title":"Sialic acids in human health and disease","volume":"14","author":"A Varki","year":"2008","journal-title":"Trends Mol Med"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1018532409041","article-title":"Carbohydrate-mediated cell adhesion involved in hematogenous metastasis of cancer","volume":"14","author":"R Kannagi","year":"1997","journal-title":"Glycoconj J"},{"key":"ref35","first-page":"354","article-title":"Contribution of carbohydrate antigens sialyl Lewis A and sialyl Lewis X to adhesion of human cancer cells to vascular endothelium","volume":"53","author":"A Takada","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1349-7006.2004.tb03219.x","article-title":"Carbohydrate-mediated cell adhesion in cancer metastasis and angiogenesis","volume":"95","author":"R Kannagi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cancer Sci"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1002\/1096-9098(200010)75:2<98::AID-JSO5>3.0.CO;2-R","article-title":"Molecular detection of disseminated cancer cells in the peripheral blood and expression of sialylated antigens in colon cancers","volume":"75","author":"D Ichikawa","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"ref38","first-page":"3632","article-title":"Increased expression of sialyl Lewisx antigen correlates with poor survival in patients with colorectal carcinoma: clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study","volume":"53","author":"S Nakamori","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref39","first-page":"1449","article-title":"Restoration of alpha(1,2) fucosyltransferase activity decreases adhesive and metastatic properties of human pancreatic cancer cells","volume":"60","author":"M Aubert","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4645","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-04-3117","article-title":"Hypersialylation of beta1 integrins, observed in colon adenocarcinoma, may contribute to cancer progression by up-regulating cell motility","volume":"65","author":"EC Seales","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37610","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M508476200","article-title":"A protein kinase C\/Ras\/ERK signaling pathway activates myeloid fibronectin receptors by altering beta1 integrin sialylation","volume":"280","author":"EC Seales","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4493","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.26059","article-title":"Neutrophil interactions with sialyl Lewis X on human nonsmall cell lung carcinoma cells regulate invasive behavior","volume":"117","author":"CA St Hill","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1093\/glycob\/cwj108","article-title":"Peanut lectin stimulates proliferation of colon cancer cells by interaction with glycosylated CD44v6 isoforms and consequential activation of c-Met and MAPK: functional implications for disease-associated glycosylation changes","volume":"16","author":"R Singh","year":"2006","journal-title":"Glycobiology"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2316","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0508776103","article-title":"Amplification of MET may identify a subset of cancers with extreme sensitivity to the selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor PHA-665752","volume":"103","author":"GA Smolen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S21","DOI":"10.1177\/1758834011422557","article-title":"c-MET as a potential therapeutic target and biomarker in cancer","volume":"3","author":"JR Sierra","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ther Adv Med Oncol"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4892","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.11.4892","article-title":"The TPR-MET oncogenic rearrangement is present and expressed in human gastric carcinoma and precursor lesions","volume":"88","author":"NR Soman","year":"1991","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1801","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(20000415)88:8<1801::AID-CNCR7>3.0.CO;2-U","article-title":"Frequency of TPR-MET rearrangement in patients with gastric carcinoma and in first-degree relatives","volume":"88","author":"J Yu","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref48","first-page":"1517","article-title":"Impact of MET amplification on gastric cancer: possible roles as a novel prognostic marker and a potential therapeutic target","volume":"25","author":"J Lee","year":"2011","journal-title":"Oncol Rep"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e15932","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0015932","article-title":"Detection of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) ligand-c-MET receptor activation in formalin-fixed paraffin embedded specimens by a novel proximity assay","volume":"6","author":"R Dua","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1349-7006.2004.tb02185.x","article-title":"Activation of c-Met (hepatocyte growth factor receptor) in human gastric cancer tissue","volume":"95","author":"T Inoue","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cancer Sci"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lim SK, Choi YW, Lim IK, Park TJ (2012) BTG2 suppresses cancer cell migration through inhibition of Src-FAK signaling by downregulation of reactive oxygen species generation in mitochondria. Clin Exp Metastasis.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10585-012-9479-z"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1660","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgp178","article-title":"Secreted LOXL2 is a novel therapeutic target that promotes gastric cancer metastasis via the Src\/FAK pathway","volume":"30","author":"L Peng","year":"2009","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2012.02.011","article-title":"Src kinases catalytic activity regulates proliferation, migration and invasiveness of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells","volume":"24","author":"MP Sanchez-Bailon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell Signal"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2011.12.008","article-title":"NNK promotes migration and invasion of lung cancer cells through activation of c-Src\/PKCiota\/FAK loop","volume":"318","author":"J Shen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Lett"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm1261","article-title":"Met, metastasis, motility and more","volume":"4","author":"C Birchmeier","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"de Curtis I, Meldolesi J (2012) Cell surface dynamics - how Rho GTPases orchestrate the interplay between the plasma membrane and the cortical cytoskeleton. J Cell Sci.","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.108266"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.146.2.267","article-title":"Signaling to actin dynamics","volume":"146","author":"LM Machesky","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/S0955-0674(97)80156-1","article-title":"Rho, Rac and Cdc42 GTPases regulate the organization of the actin cytoskeleton","volume":"9","author":"N Tapon","year":"1997","journal-title":"Curr Opin Cell Biol"},{"key":"ref59","first-page":"25","article-title":"Signal transduction pathways regulated by the Rho family of small GTPases","volume":"80","author":"A Hall","year":"1999","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1006\/excr.1999.4674","article-title":"Signaling to Rho GTPases","volume":"253","author":"L Kjoller","year":"1999","journal-title":"Exp Cell Res"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1841","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.064345","article-title":"Spatio-temporal Rho GTPase signaling - where are we now?","volume":"123","author":"O Pertz","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Cell Sci"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-8049(00)00091-5","article-title":"Rho family proteins in cell adhesion and cell migration","volume":"36","author":"EE Evers","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1186\/1478-811X-8-23","article-title":"Rac and Rho GTPases in cancer cell motility control","volume":"8","author":"M Parri","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cell Commun Signal"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1186\/1478-811X-9-27","article-title":"Regulation of the actin cytoskeleton in Helicobacter pylori-induced migration and invasive growth of gastric epithelial cells","volume":"9","author":"S Wessler","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell Commun Signal"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4799","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-0436-03","article-title":"Overexpression of RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42 GTPases is associated with progression in testicular cancer","volume":"10","author":"T Kamai","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.09.006","article-title":"Lysophosphatidic acid induces a migratory phenotype through a crosstalk between RhoA-Rock and Src-FAK signalling in colon cancer cells","volume":"671","author":"F Leve","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"}],"container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0066737","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,20]],"date-time":"2018-10-20T06:15:11Z","timestamp":1540016111000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0066737"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Bart O.","family":"Williams","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,14]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,14]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0066737","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,14]]}}}