{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T09:32:44Z","timestamp":1768469564401,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,23]],"date-time":"2013-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1374537600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0069245","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,24]],"date-time":"2013-07-24T15:44:01Z","timestamp":1374680641000},"page":"e69245","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Latitudinal Diversity Gradients in New World Bats: Are They a Consequence of Niche Conservatism?"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Maria Jo\u00e3o","family":"Ramos Pereira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jorge M.","family":"Palmeirim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S56","DOI":"10.1086\/519402","article-title":"History and diversity: explorations at the intersection of ecology and evolution","volume":"170","author":"RE Ricklefs","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am Nat"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1310","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1461-0248.2010.01515.x","article-title":"Niche conservatism as an emerging principle in ecology and conservation biology","volume":"13","author":"JJ Wiens","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ecol Lett"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1305","DOI":"10.1086\/285388","article-title":"Intercontinental correlation of geographical ranges suggests stasis in ecological traits of relict genera of temperate perennial herbs","volume":"139","author":"RE Ricklefs","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am Nat"},{"key":"ref4","article-title":"Historical biogeography, ecology and species richness. Trends in ecology &amp; evolution (Personal edition)19: 639\u2013644","author":"JJ Wiens","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0014-3820.2004.tb01586.x","article-title":"Speciation and ecology revisited: phylogenetic niche conservatism and the origin of species","volume":"58","author":"JJ Wiens","year":"2004","journal-title":"Evolution"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1344","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1215933","article-title":"Climatic niche shifts are rare among terrestrial plant invaders","volume":"335","author":"B Petitpierre","year":"2012","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref7","article-title":"A treatise on limnology, v","author":"GE Hutchinson","year":"1957"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ecolsys.36.102803.095431","article-title":"Niche conservatism: integrating evolution, ecology, and conservation biology","volume":"36","author":"JJ Wiens","year":"2005","journal-title":"Annu Rev Ecol Evol Syst"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07764","article-title":"Phylogenetic biome conservatism on a global scale","volume":"458","author":"MD Crisp","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref10","article-title":"Niche dynamics in space and time. Trends in ecology &amp; evolution (Personal edition)23: 149\u2013158","author":"PB Pearman","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1461-0248.2008.01229.x","article-title":"Phylogenetic niche conservatism, phylogenetic signal and the relationship between phylogenetic relatedness and ecological similarity among species","volume":"11","author":"JB Losos","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ecol Lett"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2699.2004.01238.x","article-title":"Water links the historical and contemporary components of the Australian bird diversity gradient","volume":"32","author":"BA Hawkins","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Biogeogr"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2699.2006.01452.x","article-title":"Post-Eocene climate change, niche conservatism, and the latitudinal diversity gradient of New World birds","volume":"33","author":"BA Hawkins","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Biogeogr"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2699.2011.02655.x","article-title":"Different evolutionary histories underlie congruent species richness gradients of birds and mammals","volume":"39","author":"BA Hawkins","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Biogeogr"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1466-8238.2012.00786.x","article-title":"Life on a tropical planet: niche conservatism and the global diversity gradient","volume":"22","author":"TS Romdal","year":"2013","journal-title":"Glob Ecol Biogeogr"},{"key":"ref16","first-page":"312","article-title":"Order Chiroptera","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref17","first-page":"690","article-title":"Marsupials, Xenarthrans, Shrews and Bats","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.2307\/2411825","article-title":"Species density of North American recent mammals","volume":"13","author":"GG Simpson","year":"1964","journal-title":"Syst Zool"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.2307\/1935340","article-title":"Numbers of mammal species in North and Central-American forest communities","volume":"54","author":"TH Fleming","year":"1973","journal-title":"Ecology"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.2307\/1382344","article-title":"Diversity of New-World mammals: universality of the latitudinal gradients of species and bauplans","volume":"76","author":"DM Kaufman","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Mammal"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2699.2004.01087.x","article-title":"Correlates of species richness in North American bat families","volume":"31","author":"MA Patten","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Biogeogr"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2699.2003.01042.x","article-title":"Untangling latitudinal richness gradients at higher taxonomic levels: familial perspectives on the diversity of New World bat communities","volume":"31","author":"RD Stevens","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Biogeogr"},{"key":"ref23","first-page":"96","article-title":"Taking wing at last: fossils and genetic findings elucidate the evolution of bats- and settle a long-standing debate over the origins of flight and echolocation","volume":"299","author":"NB Simmons","year":"2008","journal-title":"Scientific American"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1105113","article-title":"A molecular phylogeny for bats illuminates biogeography and the fossil record","volume":"307","author":"EC Teeling","year":"2005","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1159\/000109959","article-title":"Molecular determinants of bat wing development","volume":"187","author":"KE Sears","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cells Tissues Organs"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S16","DOI":"10.1086\/519009","article-title":"Climate, niche conservatism, and the global bird diversity gradient","volume":"170","author":"BA Hawkins","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am Nat"},{"key":"ref27","article-title":"Digital distribution maps of the mammals of the Western Hemisphere","author":"BD Patterson","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1698","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2699.2009.02119.x","article-title":"Tropical niche conservatism and the species richness gradient of North American butterflies","volume":"36","author":"BA Hawkins","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Biogeogr"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2622","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0014-3820.2004.tb01616.x","article-title":"The relationship between global and regional distribution diminishes among phylogenetically basal species","volume":"58","author":"A Prinzing","year":"2004","journal-title":"Evolution"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05634","article-title":"The delayed rise of present-day mammals","volume":"446","author":"OR Bininda-Emonds","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1017\/S1464793101005899","article-title":"A phylogenetic supertree of the bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera)","volume":"77","author":"KE Jones","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1936","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2699.2011.02540.x","article-title":"Tropical niche conservatism as a historical narrative hypothesis for the Neotropics: a case study using the fly family Muscidae","volume":"38","author":"P L\u00f6wenberg-Neto","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Biogeogr"},{"key":"ref33","article-title":"Generalized additive models","author":"T Hastie","year":"1990"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1080\/10618600.1996.10474713","article-title":"R: A language for data analysis and graphics","volume":"5","author":"R Ihaka","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Comput Graph Statist"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1466-822X.2006.00237.x","article-title":"Towards an integrated computational tool for spatial analysis in macroecology and biogeography","volume":"15","author":"TFLVB Rangel","year":"2006","journal-title":"Glob Ecol Biogeogr"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2283","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2006.3596","article-title":"Historical processes enhance patterns of diversity along latitudinal gradients","volume":"273","author":"RD Stevens","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc Biol Sci"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5962\/bhl.title.156931","article-title":"Diversification among New World leaf-nosed bats: an evolutionary hypothesis and classification inferred from digenomic congruence of DNA sequence","author":"RJ Baker","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1229237","article-title":"The placental mammal ancestor and the post-K-Pg radiation of placentals","volume":"339","author":"MA O\u2019Leary","year":"2013","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.2307\/2845093","article-title":"Bat species density gradients in the New World - a statistical assessment","volume":"16","author":"MR Willig","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Biogeogr"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ympev.2006.06.019","article-title":"Molecular phylogeny of New World Myotis (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae) inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear DNA genes","volume":"43","author":"B Stadelmann","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol Phylogenet Evol"},{"key":"ref41","first-page":"430","article-title":"Physiological ecology and energetics of bats","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.palaeo.2006.10.022","article-title":"Eocene vegetation patterns reconstructed from plant diversity - A global perspective","volume":"247","author":"T Utescher","year":"2007","journal-title":"Palaeogeogr Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1130\/0016-7606(2000)112<292:LPECCI>2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Late Paleocene-early Eocene climate changes in southwestern Wyoming: Paleobotanical analysis","volume":"112","author":"P Wilf","year":"2000","journal-title":"Geol Soc Am Bull"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.1890\/0012-9658(2000)081[1004:PTATDA]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Physiological traits affecting the distribution and wintering strategy of the bat Tadarida teniotis","volume":"81","author":"R Arlettaz","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ecology"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1086\/284823","article-title":"Character displacement and the adaptive divergence of finches on islands and continents","volume":"131","author":"D Schluter","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am Nat"},{"key":"ref46","first-page":"381","article-title":"Adaptive Radiation: The Interaction of Ecological Opportunity, Adaptation, and Speciation","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0906-7590.2007.04761.x","article-title":"The island immaturity - speciation pulse model of island evolution: an alternative to the \u201cdiversity begets diversity\u201d model","volume":"30","author":"RJ Whittaker","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ecography"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5962\/bhl.title.63768","article-title":"Island Biology","author":"SJ Carlquist","year":"1974"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-294X.2002.01507.x","article-title":"Evolution on oceanic islands: molecular phylogenetic approaches to understanding pattern and process","volume":"11","author":"BC Emerson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mol Ecol"},{"key":"ref50","article-title":"The profound influence of the Late Pliocene Panamanian uplift on the exchange, diversification, and distribution of New World birds. Ecography. Wiley Online Library website","author":"BT Smith","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ympev.2007.09.003","article-title":"Divergence times and origin of neotropical sheath-tailed bats (tribe Diclidurini) in South America","volume":"45","author":"BK Lim","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol Phylogenet Evol"},{"key":"ref52","first-page":"1","article-title":"A revision of the Neotropical bats of the genus Myotis","volume":"15","author":"RK LaVal","year":"1973","journal-title":"Bulletin Natural History Museum Of Los Angeles County"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.1999.0766","article-title":"Latitude and rates of diversification in birds and butterflies","volume":"266","author":"M Cardillo","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1420-9101.2003.00526.x","article-title":"Testing the link between the latitudinal gradient in species richness and rates of molecular evolution","volume":"16","author":"L Bromham","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Evol Biol"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1574","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1135590","article-title":"The latitudinal gradient in recent speciation and extinction rates of birds and mammals","volume":"315","author":"JT Weir","year":"2007","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.2307\/3545569","article-title":"Latitudinal gradients in species diversity: the search for the primary cause","volume":"65","author":"K Rhode","year":"1992","journal-title":"Oikos"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1530\/jrf.0.0190465","article-title":"Diagnosis of pregnancy and experimental extension of gestation in the pipistrelle bat, Pipistrellus pipistrellus","volume":"19","author":"PA Racey","year":"1969","journal-title":"J Reprod Fertil"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1530\/jrf.0.0610123","article-title":"Variations in gestation length in a colony of pipistrelle bats (Pipistrellus pipistrellus) from year to year","volume":"61","author":"PA Racey","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Reprod Fertil"},{"key":"ref59","first-page":"363","article-title":"Life-history and reproductive strategies of bats","year":"2000"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1038\/2251155a0","article-title":"Reproductive cycle of a Neotropical insectivorous bat, Myotis nigricans","volume":"225","author":"DE Wilson","year":"1970","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.2307\/1935656","article-title":"Convexity, desert lizards, and spatial heterogeneity","volume":"47","author":"ER Pianka","year":"1966","journal-title":"Ecology"}],"container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0069245","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,15]],"date-time":"2024-05-15T07:36:20Z","timestamp":1715758580000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0069245"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Danilo","family":"Russo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,23]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,23]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0069245","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,23]]}}}