{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T04:20:05Z","timestamp":1772943605884,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,16]],"date-time":"2015-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1429142400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0124229","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,16]],"date-time":"2015-04-16T17:59:41Z","timestamp":1429207181000},"page":"e0124229","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Exploring the Factor Structure of Neurocognitive Measures in Older Individuals"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Nadine Correia","family":"Santos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Patr\u00edcio Soares","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Liliana","family":"Amorim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Pedro Silva","family":"Moreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Cunha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Cotter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Nuno","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","article-title":"The Factors of the Ming","author":"C Burt","year":"1940"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327752jpa8501_02","article-title":"Factor analytic models: viewing the structure of an assessment instrument from three perspectives","volume":"85","author":"BM Byrne","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of personality assessment"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2012.00055","article-title":"Old and new ideas for data screening and assumption testing for exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis","volume":"3","author":"DB Flora","year":"2012","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"key":"ref4","first-page":"99","article-title":"Reading and Understanding Multivariate Statistics","author":"FB Bryant","year":"1995"},{"key":"ref5","article-title":"The essentials of factor analysis","author":"D Child","year":"1990"},{"key":"ref6","article-title":"Encyclopedia of Social Sciences Research Methods","author":"H Abdi","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref7","article-title":"Handbook of Research and Quantitative Methods in Psychology: for Students and Professionals","author":"RM Yaremko","year":"1986"},{"key":"ref8","article-title":"Confirmatory Factor Analysis for Applied Research","author":"T Brown","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref9","first-page":"96","article-title":"Lifespan Cognition: Mechanisms of Chang","author":"KA Daniels","year":"2006"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1323","article-title":"Insights into the ageing mind: a view from cognitive neuroscience","volume":"5","author":"T Hedden","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1080\/13803390802232659","article-title":"Intraindividual variability across cognitive domains: investigation of dispersion levels and performance profiles in older adults","volume":"31","author":"JV Hilborn","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2012.04.005","article-title":"Memory aging and brain maintenance","volume":"16","author":"L Nyberg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trends in cognitive sciences"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2008.09.023","article-title":"When does age-related cognitive decline begin?","volume":"30","author":"TA Salthouse","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurobiology of aging"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref14","first-page":"754","article-title":"Selective review of cognitive aging. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society","volume":"16","author":"TA Salthouse","year":"2010","journal-title":"JINS"},{"key":"ref15","first-page":"34","article-title":"Timing of onset of cognitive decline: results from Whitehall II prospective cohort study2012","volume":"23","author":"A Singh-Manoux","year":"2012","journal-title":"Timing of onset of cognitive decline: results from Whitehall II prospective cohort study2012"},{"issue":"7419","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11556","article-title":"A call for transparent reporting to optimize the predictive value of preclinical research","volume":"490","author":"SC Landis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref17","first-page":"455","article-title":"Une methode de classification sociale d'echantillon des populations","volume":"6","author":"M Graffar","year":"1956","journal-title":"Courier"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref18","first-page":"189","article-title":""Mini-mental state". A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician","volume":"12","author":"MF Folstein","year":"1975","journal-title":"Journal of psychiatric research"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1037\/10198-000","article-title":"Neuropsychology for Clinical Practice: Etiology, Assessment, and Treatment of Common Neurologic Disorders","author":"RL Adams","year":"1996"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1995.tb38137.x","article-title":"Dual-task paradigm: a means to examine the central executive","volume":"769","author":"S Della Sala","year":"1995","journal-title":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"},{"key":"ref21","article-title":"A Compendium of Neuropsychological Tests: Administration, Norms, and Commentary","author":"E Strauss","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref22","article-title":"Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-III)","author":"D Wechsler","year":"1997"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1037\/h0054651","article-title":"Studies of interference in serial verbal reactions","volume":"18","author":"JR Stroop","year":"1935","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617700000576","article-title":"Aging, encoding specificity, and memory change in the Double Memory Test","volume":"1","author":"H Buschke","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society: JINS"},{"key":"ref25","article-title":"Neuropsychological Assessment","author":"M Lezak","year":"2004"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e24553","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0024553","article-title":"Patterns of Cognitive Performance in Healthy Ageing in Northern Portugal: A Cross-Sectional Analysis","volume":"6","author":"AC Paulo","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"ref27","article-title":"A first course in factor analysis","author":"AL Comrey","year":"1992"},{"key":"ref28","article-title":"Applied multivariate statistics for the social sciences","author":"J Stevens","year":"2002"},{"key":"ref29","article-title":"Principles and Practice of Structural Equations Modeling","author":"R Kline","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref30","first-page":"1","article-title":"Best practices in exploratory factor analysis: four recommendations for getting the most from your analysis","volume":"10","author":"AB Costello","year":"2005","journal-title":"Practical Assessment, Research and Evaluation"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1037\/1082-989X.4.3.272","article-title":"Evaluating the use of exploratory factor analysis in psychological research","volume":"4","author":"LR Fabrigar","year":"1999","journal-title":"Psychological Methods"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1017\/S037016460002006X","article-title":"The estimation of factor loadings by the methods of maximum likelihood","volume":"60","author":"DM Lawley","year":"1940","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh"},{"key":"ref33","article-title":"Multiple-factor Analysis","author":"LL Thurstone","year":"1947"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4684-2262-7","article-title":"The Scientific Use of Factor Analysis in Behavioral and Life Sciences","author":"R Cattell","year":"1978"},{"key":"ref35","article-title":"An Easy Guide to Factor Analysis","author":"P Kline","year":"2002"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1007\/s11336-011-9218-4","article-title":"Exploratory Bi-factor Analysis","volume":"76","author":"RI Jennrich","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychometrika"},{"key":"ref37","article-title":"Factor analysis","author":"RL Gorsuch","year":"1983"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02289233","article-title":"The varimax criterion for analytic rotation in factor analysis","volume":"23","author":"H Kaiser","year":"1958","journal-title":"Psychometrika"},{"key":"ref39","article-title":"Factor Analysis and Related Methods","author":"RP McDonald","year":"1985"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02293557","article-title":"Determining the number of components from the matrix of partial correlations","volume":"41","author":"W Velicer","year":"1976","journal-title":"Psychometrika"},{"key":"ref41","first-page":"344","article-title":"Determining Parallel Analysis Criteria","volume":"5","author":"MW Watkins","year":"2006","journal-title":"Watkins, MW"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02289447","article-title":"A rationale and test for the number of factors in factor analysis","volume":"30","author":"J Horn","year":"1965","journal-title":"Psychometrika"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.2307\/3236261","article-title":"Parallel analysis: a method for determining significant principal components","volume":"6","author":"SB Franklin","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Vegetation Science"},{"key":"ref44","first-page":"122","article-title":"Asymptotic Theory for Principal Component Analysis","author":"TW Anderson","year":"1963","journal-title":"Asymptotic Theory for Principal Component Analysis"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8317.1950.tb00285.x","article-title":"Tests of significance in factor analysis","volume":"3","author":"M Bartlett","year":"1950","journal-title":"British Journal of statistical psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1177\/001316446002000116","article-title":"The Application of Electronic Computers to Factor Analysis","volume":"20","author":"HF Kaiser","year":"1960","journal-title":"Educational and Psychological Measurement"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03200807","article-title":"SPSS and SAS programs for determining the number of components using parallel analysis and Velicer\u2019s MAP test","volume":"32","author":"B O\u2019Connor","year":"2000","journal-title":"Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327906mbr0102_10","article-title":"The Scree Test For The Number Of Factors","volume":"1","author":"RB Cattell","year":"1966","journal-title":"Multivariate Behavioral Research"},{"key":"ref49","first-page":"1","article-title":"Determining the number of factors to retain in EFA: an easy-to-use computer program for carrying out parallel analysis","volume":"12","author":"R Ledesma","year":"2007","journal-title":"Practical Assessment, Research & Evaluation"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1037\/a0014694","article-title":"Reporting practices in confirmatory factor analysis: an overview and some recommendations","volume":"14","author":"DL Jackson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychol Methods"},{"key":"ref51","article-title":"Amos 18 User\u2019s Guide","author":"JL Arbuckle","year":"2009"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sapharm.2007.04.003","article-title":"Core reporting practices in structural equation modeling","volume":"4","author":"JB Schreiber","year":"2008","journal-title":"Research in social & administrative pharmacy: RSAP"},{"key":"ref53","article-title":"Psychometric Theory","author":"JC Nunnally","year":"1994"},{"key":"ref54","article-title":"Psychology: Themes and Variations","author":"W Weiten","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref55","article-title":"Multivariate Data Analysis","author":"JF Hair","year":"1998"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.2307\/3151312","article-title":"Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error","volume":"18","author":"C Fornell","year":"1981","journal-title":"Journal of Marketing Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1080\/02664763.2011.610445","article-title":"Factor recovery by principal axis factoring and maximum likelihood factor analysis as a function of factor pattern and sample size","volume":"39","author":"JCF de Winter","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Statistics"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1207\/S15328031US0201_02","article-title":"Repairing Tom Swift\u2019s Electric Factor Analysis Machine","volume":"2","author":"KJ Preacher","year":"2003","journal-title":"Understanding Statistics"},{"issue":"705\u2013726","key":"ref59","article-title":"The frontal aging hypothesis evaluated","volume":"6","author":"PM Greenwood","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.95.1.3","article-title":"Neuropsychological studies of the frontal lobes","volume":"95","author":"DT Stuss","year":"1984","journal-title":"Psychological bulletin"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2009.10.021","article-title":"Inhibition impairments in Alzheimer's disease, mild cognitive impairment and healthy aging: effect of congruency proportion in a Stroop task","volume":"48","author":"S Belanger","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1037\/a0018498","article-title":"The utility of Stroop task switching as a marker for early-stage Alzheimer's disease","volume":"25","author":"KA Hutchison","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychology and aging"},{"key":"ref63","first-page":"358","article-title":"Model-based analysis of context-specific cognitive control","volume":"3","author":"JA King","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.5334\/pb-48-1-1","article-title":"Interference and negative priming in normal aging and in mild Alzheimer's disease","volume":"48","author":"M Hogge","year":"2008","journal-title":"Psychologica Belgica"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.51.1.201","article-title":"Applications of structural equation modeling in psychological research","volume":"51","author":"RC MacCallum","year":"2000","journal-title":"Annual review of psychology"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandc.2006.04.006","article-title":"Use of the Hayling task to measure inhibition of prepotent responses in normal aging and Alzheimer's disease","volume":"62","author":"S Belleville","year":"2006","journal-title":"Brain and cognition"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandc.2011.08.004","article-title":"Influence of response prepotency strength, general working memory resources, and specific working memory load on the ability to inhibit predominant responses: a comparison of young and elderly participants","volume":"77","author":"J Grandjean","year":"2011","journal-title":"Brain and cognition"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1983","DOI":"10.1007\/s11357-012-9482-y","article-title":"Mood is a key determinant of cognitive performance in community-dwelling older adults: a cross-sectional analysis","volume":"35","author":"NC Santos","year":"2013","journal-title":"Age (Dordrecht, Netherlands)"},{"issue":"15","key":"ref69","article-title":"Replication analysis in exploratory factor analysis: what it is and why it makes your analysis better","volume":"17","author":"JW Osborne","year":"2012","journal-title":"Practical Assessment, Research & Evaluation"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0124229","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,24]],"date-time":"2018-10-24T02:32:23Z","timestamp":1540348343000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0124229"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Hemachandra","family":"Reddy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,16]]},"references-count":69,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,16]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0124229","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,16]]}}}