{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T04:14:32Z","timestamp":1773807272494,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,23]],"date-time":"2017-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1487808000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UID\/AMB\/50017\/2013 (CESAM strategic program)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/AMB\/50017\/2013 (CESAM strategic program)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UID\/BIA\/04050\/2013 (CBMA strategic program)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/BIA\/04050\/2013 (CBMA strategic program)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PTDC\/AAC-AMB\/112438\/2009 (project VITAQUA)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PTDC\/AAC-AMB\/112438\/2009 (project VITAQUA)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SFRH\/BD\/81661\/2011 (PhD grant)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/81661\/2011 (PhD grant)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IF\/01198\/2014 (researcher contract)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IF\/01198\/2014 (researcher contract)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0172589","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,23]],"date-time":"2017-02-23T14:27:39Z","timestamp":1487860059000},"page":"e0172589","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Interplay between fungicides and parasites: Tebuconazole, but not copper, suppresses infection in a Daphnia-Metschnikowia experimental model"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Ana P.","family":"Cuco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Nelson","family":"Abrantes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Justyna","family":"Wolinska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7130-6061","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Bruno B.","family":"Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1820","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2664.2008.01566.x","article-title":"Synergistic, antagonistic and additive effects of multiple stressors: predation threat, parasitism and pesticide exposure in <italic>Daphnia magna<\/italic>","volume":"45","author":"A Coors","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Appl Ecol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3746","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2009.10.067","article-title":"Interactions between effects of environmental chemicals and natural stressors: A review","volume":"408","author":"M Holmstrup","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1376","DOI":"10.1007\/s10646-016-1689-8","article-title":"Toxicity of two fungicides in <italic>Daphnia<\/italic>: is it always temperature-dependent?","volume":"25","author":"AP Cuco","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ecotoxicology"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1080\/20014091111695","article-title":"A review of the effects of multiple stressors on aquatic organisms and analysis of uncertainty factors for use in risk assessment","volume":"31","author":"EHW Heugens","year":"2001","journal-title":"Crit Rev Toxicol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1007\/s10452-012-9397-9","article-title":"Combined exposure to parasite and pesticide causes increased mortality in the water flea <italic>Daphnia<\/italic>","volume":"46","author":"CC Buser","year":"2012","journal-title":"Aquat Ecol"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.05.081","article-title":"Progressive acclimation alters interaction between salinity and temperature in experimental <italic>Daphnia<\/italic> populations","volume":"139","author":"C Loureiro","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2145","DOI":"10.1021\/es0264347","article-title":"Temperature-dependent effects of cadmium on <italic>Daphnia magna<\/italic>: accumulation versus sensitivity","volume":"37","author":"EHW Heugens","year":"2003","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2007.07.040","article-title":"Effects of food availability on the acute and chronic toxicity of the insecticide methomyl to <italic>Daphnia<\/italic> spp","volume":"386","author":"JL Pereira","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2011.04.004","article-title":"Environmental context determines community sensitivity of freshwater zooplankton to a pesticide","volume":"104","author":"NC Stampfli","year":"2011","journal-title":"Aquat Toxicol"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0269-7491(00)00110-X","article-title":"Pesticide effects on freshwater zooplankton: an ecological perspective","volume":"112","author":"T Hanazato","year":"2001","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3315","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2008.04.009","article-title":"Impact of pesticides used in agriculture and vineyards to surface and groundwater quality (North Spain)","volume":"42","author":"A Hildebrandt","year":"2008","journal-title":"Water Res"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agee.2011.10.010","article-title":"Entry and toxicity of organic pesticides and copper in vineyard streams: Erosion rills jeopardise the efficiency of riparian buffer strips","volume":"146","author":"R Bereswill","year":"2012","journal-title":"Agric Ecosyst Environ"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2014.03.002","article-title":"Effects of current-use fungicides and their mixtures on the feeding and survival of the key shredder <italic>Gammarus fossarum<\/italic>","volume":"150","author":"JP Zubrod","year":"2014","journal-title":"Aquat Toxicol"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2009.10.005","article-title":"Contamination of vineyard soils with fungicides: a review of environmental and toxicological aspects","volume":"36","author":"M Kom\u00e1rek","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2005.01.004","article-title":"Assessment of copper bioavailability and toxicity in vineyard runoff waters by DPASV and algal bioassay","volume":"348","author":"A Devez","year":"2005","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1674","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2010.07.046","article-title":"Effects of subchronic fungicide exposure on the energy processing of <italic>Gammarus fossarum<\/italic> (Crustacea; Amphipoda)","volume":"73","author":"JP Zubrod","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol Environ Saf"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7193","DOI":"10.1021\/es8009309","article-title":"Azole Fungicides: Occurrence and Fate in Wastewater and Surface Waters","volume":"42","author":"M Kahle","year":"2008","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1461-0248.2008.01174.x","article-title":"Parasites in food webs: the ultimate missing links","volume":"11","author":"KD Lafferty","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ecol Lett"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2007.11.010","article-title":"Parasites in hybridizing communities: the Red Queen again?","volume":"24","author":"J Wolinska","year":"2008","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S43","DOI":"10.1086\/599080","article-title":"The maintenance of sex, clonal dynamics, and host-parasite coevolution in a mixed population of sexual and asexual Snails","volume":"174","author":"J Jokela","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am Nat"},{"key":"ref21","first-page":"1893","article-title":"The cost of being common: evidence from natural <italic>Daphnia<\/italic> populations","volume":"63","author":"J Wolinska","year":"2009","journal-title":"Evolution (N Y)"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.02.004","article-title":"Environment can alter selection in host-parasite interactions","volume":"25","author":"J Wolinska","year":"2009","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1865","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2427.2012.02846.x","article-title":"Disease and pollution alter <italic>Daphnia<\/italic> taxonomic and clonal structure in experimental assemblages","volume":"57","author":"CC Buser","year":"2012","journal-title":"Freshw Biol"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2664.2010.01791.x","article-title":"Synergistic effects of glyphosate formulation and parasite infection on fish malformations and survival","volume":"47","author":"DW Kelly","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Appl Ecol"},{"key":"ref25","first-page":"2681","article-title":"Collateral damage: rapid exposure-induced evolution of pesticide resistance leads to increased susceptibility to parasites","volume":"65","author":"M Jansen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Evolution (N Y)"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1840","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0706.2008.17028.x","article-title":"Pesticide exposure strongly enhances parasite virulence in an invertebrate host model","volume":"117","author":"A Coors","year":"2008","journal-title":"Oikos"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3146","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2012.0684","article-title":"Chronic contamination decreases disease spread: a <italic>Daphnia<\/italic>-fungus-copper case study","volume":"279","author":"DJ Civitello","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc R Soc B Biol Sci"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1007\/s00128-010-0024-y","article-title":"Exposure to a mixture of zinc and copper decreases survival and fecundity of <italic>Discocotyle sagittata<\/italic> (Leuckart) parasitizing juvenile atlantic salmon, <italic>Salmo salar<\/italic> L","volume":"84","author":"C a. Blanar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bull Environ Contam Toxicol"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.4319\/lo.1999.44.3_part_2.0925","article-title":"How environmental stress affects the impacts of parasites","volume":"44","author":"KD Lafferty","year":"1999","journal-title":"Limnol Oceanogr"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1016\/S0043-1354(01)00462-6","article-title":"Pesticides in Portuguese surface and ground waters","volume":"37","author":"M Cerejeira","year":"2003","journal-title":"Water Res"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2004.05.009","article-title":"A comparison of predicted and measured levels of runoff-related pesticide concentrations in small lowland streams on a landscape level","volume":"58","author":"N Berenzen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1007\/s10646-010-0565-1","article-title":"Performance of standard media in toxicological assessments with <italic>Daphnia magna<\/italic>: chelators and ionic composition versus metal toxicity","volume":"20","author":"C Loureiro","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ecotoxicology"},{"key":"ref33","article-title":"Ecology, epidemiology, and evolution of parasitism in <italic>Daphnia<\/italic> [Internet]","author":"D Ebert","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1558-5646.2011.01240.x","article-title":"Predator-induced defense makes <italic>Daphnia<\/italic> more vulnerable to parasites","volume":"65","author":"M Yin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Evolution"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1493","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182010000296","article-title":"Prior residency does not always pay off\u2014co-infections in <italic>Daphnia<\/italic>","volume":"137","author":"JN Lohr","year":"2010","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1461-0248.2007.01011.x","article-title":"Eating yourself sick: Transmission of disease as a function of foraging ecology","volume":"10","author":"SR Hall","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ecol Lett"},{"key":"ref37","unstructured":"Kegley SE, Hill BR, Orme S, Choi AH. PAN Pesticide Database. In: Pesticide Action Network [Internet]. North America (Oakland, CA, 2014); 2014. <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.pesticideinfo.org\" xlink:type=\"simple\">http:\/\/www.pesticideinfo.org<\/ext-link>."},{"key":"ref38","article-title":"An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management","author":"KA Lewis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hum Ecol Risk Assess An Int J"},{"key":"ref39","article-title":"Test No. 211: <italic>Daphnia magna<\/italic> Reproduction Test, OECD guidelines for the testing of chemicals, section 2"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1156","DOI":"10.2307\/1938671","article-title":"Estimating uncertainty in population growth rates: Jacknife vs. Bootstrap techniques","volume":"67","author":"JS Meyer","year":"1986","journal-title":"Ecology"},{"key":"ref41","article-title":"R: A language and environment for statistical computing","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2010.11.002","article-title":"Combined effects of parasites and contaminants on animal health: parasites do matter","volume":"27","author":"DJ Marcogliese","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol"},{"key":"ref43","article-title":"Epidemiology of a <italic>Daphnia<\/italic>-multiparasite system and its implications for the Red Queen","volume":"7","author":"SKJR Auld","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00008847","article-title":"Dose effects and density-dependent regulation of two microparasites of <italic>Daphnia magna<\/italic>","volume":"122","author":"D Ebert","year":"2000","journal-title":"Oecologia"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.925","article-title":"Nitrate enrichment alters a <italic>Daphnia<\/italic>-microparasite interaction through multiple pathways","volume":"4","author":"T Dallas","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ecol Evol"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3018","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.42.11.3018","article-title":"Organism-dependent fungicidal activities of azoles","volume":"42","author":"EK Manavathu","year":"1998","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"ref47","first-page":"1","article-title":"Nectar yeasts of the <italic>Metschnikowia<\/italic> clade are highly susceptible to azole antifungals widely used in medicine and agriculture","volume":"16","author":"S \u00c1lvarez-P\u00e9rez","year":"2015","journal-title":"FEMS Yeast Res"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2010.08.025","article-title":"Predicted critical environmental concentrations for 500 pharmaceuticals","volume":"58","author":"J Fick","year":"2010","journal-title":"Regul Toxicol Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2013.01.025","article-title":"Occurrence of pesticides and some of their degradation products in waters in a Spanish wine region","volume":"486","author":"E Herrero-Hern\u00e1ndez","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Hydrol"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1007\/s10646-009-0298-1","article-title":"Toxicity of soybean rust fungicides to freshwater algae and <italic>Daphnia magna<\/italic>","volume":"18","author":"HG Ochoa-Acu\u00f1a","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ecotoxicology"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1007\/s11270-011-0836-3","article-title":"Effects of seven fungicides on non-target aquatic fungi","volume":"222","author":"J Dijksterhuis","year":"2011","journal-title":"Water, Air, Soil Pollut"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0043573","article-title":"Unlikely remedy: Fungicide clears infection from pathogenic fungus in larval southern leopard frogs (<italic>Lithobates sphenocephalus<\/italic>)","volume":"7","author":"SM Hanlon","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref53","first-page":"35039","article-title":"Chytrid parasitism facilitates trophic transfer between bloom-forming cyanobacteria and zooplankton (<italic>Daphnia<\/italic>)","volume":"6","author":"R Agha","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep. Nature Publishing Group"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbr.2015.03.002","article-title":"Potential roles for recently discovered chytrid parasites in the dynamics of harmful algal blooms","volume":"29","author":"FH Gleason","year":"2015","journal-title":"Fungal Biol Rev"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.funeco.2015.03.007","article-title":"Ecological impacts of parasitic chytrids, syndiniales and perkinsids on populations of marine photosynthetic dinoflagellates","volume":"19","author":"TG Jephcott","year":"2016","journal-title":"Fungal Ecol"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1364-3703.2011.00783.x","article-title":"The Top 10 fungal pathogens in molecular plant pathology","volume":"13","author":"R Dean","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol Plant Pathol"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1007\/s00442-011-1905-4","article-title":"Epidemic size determines population-level effects of fungal parasites on <italic>Daphnia<\/italic> hosts","volume":"166","author":"SR Hall","year":"2011","journal-title":"Oecologia"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2014.00062","article-title":"Current ecological understanding of fungal-like pathogens of fish: What lies beneath?","volume":"5","author":"RE Gozlan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12929","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-015-4566-8","article-title":"The effects of a fungicide and chytrid fungus on anuran larvae in aquatic mesocosms","volume":"22","author":"SM Hanlon","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ Sci Pollut Res"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15781","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0707763104","article-title":"Aquatic eutrophication promotes pathogenic infection in amphibians","volume":"104","author":"PTJ Johnson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0172589","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,18]],"date-time":"2019-09-18T21:08:20Z","timestamp":1568840900000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0172589"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Pieter","family":"Spanoghe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,23]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,23]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0172589","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,23]]}}}