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Four inflammatory biomarkers were quantified: white blood cell (WBC) count, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 (TNF-\u03b1), and C-reactive protein (CRP). Academic performance was assessed through academic grades and the Spanish version of the Science Research Associates Test of Educational Abilities.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>TNF-\u03b1 was inversely associated with math, Spanish and grade point average (\u03b2 ranging from -0.166 to -0.124; all p&lt;0.05), while CRP was inversely associated with verbal ability (\u03b2 = -0.128; p&lt;0.05). Overall, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves analyses showed discriminatory ability of WBC and TNF-\u03b1 in identifying low academic performance (all p&lt;0.05). Moreover, logistic regression analyses indicated that students with levels of WBC and TNF-\u03b1 above the ROC cut-offs values showed between 78% to 87% increased likelihood of lower academic performance (p&lt;0.05).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Our findings suggested that some circulating inflammatory biomarkers were associated with academic performance in adolescents. Further larger longitudinal and interventional studies are needed to clarify the short-term and long-term relationship between inflammation and academic performance in youths.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0242016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,6]],"date-time":"2020-11-06T18:25:48Z","timestamp":1604687148000},"page":"e0242016","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Circulating inflammatory biomarkers and academic performance in adolescents: DADOS study"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6124-8876","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mireia","family":"Adelantado-Renau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Maria 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