{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T10:40:32Z","timestamp":1777977632368,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,26]],"date-time":"2021-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1616716800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Portuguese FCT R&D","award":["GHTM-UID\/04413\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GHTM-UID\/04413\/2020"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001713","name":"European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RegNet2015-1049"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RegNet2015-1049"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001713","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"European Research Council","award":["AdG-2011-294428"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AdG-2011-294428"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"\nBackground<\/jats:title>\nDelayed Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:italic> parasite clearance has been associated with Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in the kelch protein propeller domain (coded by pfk13<\/jats:italic> gene). SNPs in the Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:italic> multidrug resistance gene 1 (pfmdr1)<\/jats:italic> are associated with multi-drug resistance including the combination artemether-lumefantrine. To our knowledge, this is the first work providing information on the prevalence of k13-propeller and pfmdr1<\/jats:italic> mutations from S\u00e9dhiou, a region in the south of Senegal.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n\nMethods<\/jats:title>\n147 dried blood spots on filter papers were collected from symptomatic patients attending a hospital located in Bounkiling City, S\u00e9dhiou Region, Southern Senegal. All samples were collected between 2015\u20132017 during the malaria transmission season. Specific regions of the gene pfk13<\/jats:italic> and pfmdr1<\/jats:italic> were analyzed using PCR amplification and Sanger sequencing.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n\nResults<\/jats:title>\nThe majority of parasites (92.9%) harboured the pfk13<\/jats:italic> wild type sequence and 6 samples harboured synonymous changes. Regarding pfmdr1<\/jats:italic>, wild-type alleles represented the majority except at codon 184. Overall, prevalence of 86Y was 11.9%, 184F was 56.3% and 1246Y was 1.5%. The mutant allele 184F decreased from 73.7% in 2015 to 40.7% in 2017. The prevalence of haplotype NFD decreased from 71.4% in 2015 to 20.8% in 2017.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n\nConclusions<\/jats:title>\nThis study provides the first description of pfk13<\/jats:italic> and pfmdr1<\/jats:italic> genes variations in Bounkiling, a city in the S\u00e9dhiou Region of Senegal, contributing to closing the gap of information on anti-malaria drug resistance molecular markers in southern Senegal.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0249357","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,26]],"date-time":"2021-03-26T17:37:13Z","timestamp":1616780233000},"page":"e0249357","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Prevalence of pfk13 and pfmdr1 polymorphisms in Bounkiling, Southern Senegal"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7009-8408","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ambroise","family":"Ahouidi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Rafael","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7251-5538","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lis","family":"Lobo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Cyrille","family":"Diedhiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Souleymane","family":"Mboup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0313-0778","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Fatima","family":"Nogueira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0249357.ref001","volume-title":"World Malaria Report 2019","author":"WHO","year":"2019"},{"key":"pone.0249357.ref002","first-page":"1","article-title":"Bulletin Epidemiologique Annuel 2017 du Paludisme au Senegal.","author":"Programme National de Lutte Contre le Paludisme","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ministere de la Sante."},{"key":"pone.0249357.ref003","article-title":"Scaling up malaria intervention \u201cpackages\u201d in Senegal: Using cost effectiveness data for improving allocative efficiency and programmatic decision-making.","author":"S Faye","year":"2018","journal-title":"Malar J."},{"key":"pone.0249357.ref004","unstructured":"Programme National de Lutte Contre le Paludisme. 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