{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T07:01:11Z","timestamp":1767855671031,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,28]],"date-time":"2022-03-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648425600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006388","name":"h\u00f4pitaux universitaires de gen\u00e8ve","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006388","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients are known to lose muscle mass and function during ICU stay. Ultrasonography (US) application for the assessment of the skeletal muscle is a promising tool and might help detecting muscle changes and thus several dysfunctions during early stages of ICU stay. <jats:italic>MUSiShock<\/jats:italic> is a research project aiming to investigate structure and function of diaphragm and peripheral muscles using ultrasound techniques in septic shock patients, and to assess their relevance in several clinical outcomes such as the weaning process.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods and design<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This is a research protocol from an observational prospective cohort study. We plan to assess eighty-four septic shock patients during their ICU stay at the following time-points: at 24 hours of ICU admission, then daily until day 5, then weekly, at extubation time and at ICU discharge. At each time-point, we will measure the <jats:italic>quadriceps rectus femoris<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>diaphragm<\/jats:italic> muscles, using innovative US muscle markers such as Shear-Wave Elastography (SWE). In parallel, the Medical Research Council (MRC) sum score for muscle testing and the Airway occlusion pressure (P<jats:sub>0.1<\/jats:sub>) will also be collected. We will describe the association between SWE assessment and other US markers for each muscle. The association between the changes in both <jats:italic>diaphragm<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>rectus femoris<\/jats:italic> US markers over time will be explored as well; finally, the analysis of a combined model of one diaphragm US marker and one limb muscle US marker to predict weaning success\/failure will be tested.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>By using muscle ultrasound at both diaphragm and limb levels, <jats:italic>MUSiShock<\/jats:italic> aims to improve knowledge in the early detection of muscle dysfunction and weakness, and their relationship with muscle strength and MV weaning, in critically ill patients. A better anticipation of these short-term muscle structure and function outcomes may allow clinicians to rapidly implement measures to counteract it.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>ClinicalTrials.gov, <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT04550143\" xlink:type=\"simple\">NCT04550143<\/jats:ext-link>. Registered on 16 September 2020.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0266174","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,28]],"date-time":"2022-03-28T17:23:18Z","timestamp":1648488198000},"page":"e0266174","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Diaphragm dysfunction and peripheral muscle wasting in septic shock patients: Exploring their relationship over time using ultrasound technology (the MUSiShock protocol)"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7391-786X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ivo","family":"Neto Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Alberto","family":"Duarte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Aur\u00e9lie","family":"Perret","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Dousse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Hannah","family":"Wozniak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Bernardo","family":"Bollen Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Rapha\u00ebl","family":"Giraud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Karim","family":"Bendjelid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0266174.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00010206","article-title":"Weaning from mechanical ventilation","volume":"29","author":"JM Boles","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0266174.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201703-0536OC","article-title":"Mechanical Ventilation-induced Diaphragm Atrophy Strongly Impacts Clinical Outcomes","volume":"197","author":"EC Goligher","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0266174.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201209-1668OC","article-title":"Diaphragm dysfunction on admission to the intensive care unit. 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