{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T04:22:01Z","timestamp":1747196521000,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706745600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Computerized cognitive tests have the potential to cost-effectively detect and monitor cognitive impairments and thereby facilitate treatment for these conditions. However, relatively few of these tests have been validated in a variety of populations. Brain on Track, a self-administered web-based test, has previously been shown to have a good ability to differentiate between healthy individuals and patients with cognitive impairment in Portuguese populations. The objective of this study was to validate the differential ability and evaluate the usability of Brain on Track in a Swedish memory clinic setting. Brain on Track was administered to 30 patients with mild cognitive impairment\/mild dementia and 30 healthy controls, all scheduled to perform the test from home after one week and after three months. To evaluate the usability, the patient group was interviewed after completion of the testing phase. Patients scored lower than healthy controls at both the first (median score 42.4 vs 54.1, p&lt;0.001) and the second test (median score 42.3 vs 55.0, p&lt;0.001). The test-retest intra-class correlation was 0.87. A multiple logistic regression model accounting for effects of age, gender and education rendered an ability of Brain on Track to differentiate between the groups with an area under the receiver operation characteristics curve of 0.90 for the first and 0.88 for the second test. In the subjective evaluation, nine patients left positive comments, nine were negative whereas five left mixed comments regarding the test experience. Sixty percent of patients had received help from relatives to log on to the platform. In conclusion, Brain on Track performed well in differentiating healthy controls from patients with cognitive impairment and showed a high test-retest reliability, on par with results from previous studies. However, the substantial proportion of patients needing help to log in could to some extent limit an independent use of the platform.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0297575","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T18:33:16Z","timestamp":1706812396000},"page":"e0297575","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Validation of a web-based self-administered test for cognitive assessment in a Swedish geriatric setting"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-5052-9357","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Einar","family":"Rystedt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jakob","family":"Mor\u00e9n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Johan","family":"Lindb\u00e4ck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5333-4771","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Vitor","family":"Tedim Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Ingelsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Lena","family":"Kilander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Nuno","family":"Lunet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Joana","family":"Pais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Luis","family":"Ruano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Gabriel","family":"Westman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0297575.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1586\/14737159.4.1.63","article-title":"Accuracy of early diagnosis and its impact on the management and course of Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"4","author":"CY Chang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Expert review of molecular diagnostics."},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0297575.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"978","DOI":"10.1080\/13607863.2011.596805","article-title":"Underdiagnosis of dementia in primary care: variations in the observed prevalence and comparisons to the expected prevalence.","volume":"15","author":"A Connolly","year":"2011","journal-title":"Aging & mental health."},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0297575.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.4852","article-title":"A systematic review of the diagnostic accuracy of automated tests for cognitive impairment","volume":"33","author":"RW Aslam","year":"2018","journal-title":"International journal of geriatric psychiatry"},{"issue":"77","key":"pone.0297575.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3310\/hta20770","article-title":"Automated tests for diagnosing and monitoring cognitive impairment: a diagnostic accuracy review.","volume":"20","author":"RW Aslam","year":"2016","journal-title":"Health technology assessment."},{"key":"pone.0297575.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19114","DOI":"10.1038\/srep19114","article-title":"Development of a self-administered web-based test for longitudinal cognitive assessment","volume":"6","author":"L Ruano","year":"2016","journal-title":"Scientific reports"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0297575.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-019-04088-8","article-title":"Tracking cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis using the Brain on Track test: a validation study.","volume":"41","author":"L Ruano","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurological sciences: official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0297575.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-190631","article-title":"Tracking Cognitive Performance in the General Population and in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment with a Self-Applied Computerized Test (Brain on Track). 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