{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T00:46:52Z","timestamp":1774313212256,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,26]],"date-time":"2024-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735171200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003407","name":"Ministero dell\u2019Istruzione, dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PRIN 20227ZCCFX"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PRIN 20227ZCCFX"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003407","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003500","name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Padova","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SID2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SID2022"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003500","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A high-resolution record of central Mediterranean Sea Surface Temperatures (SSTs) based on the alkenone U<jats:sup>K\u2019<\/jats:sup><jats:sub>37<\/jats:sub> index and planktic \u03b4<jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>O values for the surface-dweller <jats:italic>G<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>ruber<\/jats:italic> has been reconstructed across the Pliocene\/Pleistocene transition at Monte San Nicola (Sicily), reference area for the GSSP (Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point) of the Gelasian Stage. Spectral analyses indicate that the SST record is predominantly paced by a cyclicity in the ~47 kyr time domain, consistent with the obliquity driven glacial-interglacial variability that is expected to dominate in the interval of relevance. In addition, two suborbital periodicities in the ~5 kyr and ~8 kyr time domains provide a pervasive spectral signal that proves to be especially strong during the MIS (Marine Isotope Stage) 100 glacial, at the inception of the Northern Hemisphere Glaciation. This high frequency climatic instability, a prominent feature of the early Gelasian, might reflect episodic events of massive disruption of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation with increased production of cold, low-salinity water masses in the North Atlantic. Alternatively, it may be interpreted as the resonance (i.e., harmonics) of the low-latitude precessional forcing in mid-latitude regions. Although the driving mechanisms of these processes remain largely unconstrained, our study emphasizes the role of the central Mediterranean as the main reference for high-resolution paleoclimatic studies in the Neogene and the Quaternary.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0310684","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,26]],"date-time":"2024-12-26T18:22:23Z","timestamp":1735237343000},"page":"e0310684","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Orbital and suborbital temperature variability in the central Mediterranean across the Pliocene\/Pleistocene transition"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-3383-733X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Elena","family":"Zanola","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7077-494X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sergio","family":"Bonomo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Patrizia","family":"Ferretti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Eliana","family":"Fornaciari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Agata","family":"Di Stefano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Incarbona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8757-328X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nereo","family":"Preto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Isabella","family":"Raffi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Capraro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0310684.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aba6853","article-title":"An astronomically dated record of Earth\u2019s climate and its predictability over the last 66 million years","volume":"369","author":"T Westerhold","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science. American Association for the Advancement of Science"},{"issue":"52","key":"pone.0310684.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13288","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1809600115","article-title":"Pliocene and Eocene provide best analogs for near-future climates","volume":"115","author":"KD Burke","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0310684.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s43247-020-00023-4","article-title":"Latest Pliocene Northern Hemisphere glaciation amplified by intensified Atlantic meridional overturning circulation","volume":"1","author":"T Hayashi","year":"2020","journal-title":"COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0310684.ref004","first-page":"248","article-title":"The Tertiary: a proposal for its formal definition","volume":"31","author":"Martin J. Head","year":"2008","journal-title":"International Union of Geological Sciences"},{"key":"pone.0310684.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epsl.2014.10.006","article-title":"Evolution of Mediterranean sea surface temperatures 3.5\u20131.5 Ma: Regional and hemispheric influences","volume":"409","author":"TD Herbert","year":"2015","journal-title":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters. Elsevier B.V"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0310684.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1029\/2004PA001071","article-title":"A Pliocene-Pleistocene stack of 57 globally distributed benthic \u03b418O records","volume":"20","author":"LE Lisiecki","year":"2005","journal-title":"Paleoceanography"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0310684.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1029\/96PA01125","article-title":"Evaluation of the Plio-Pleistocene astronomical timescale","volume":"11","author":"LJ Lourens","year":"1996","journal-title":"Paleoceanography"},{"issue":"5952","key":"pone.0310684.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1038\/307620a0","article-title":"Oxygen isotope calibration of the onset of ice-rafting and history of glaciation in the North Atlantic region","volume":"307","author":"NJ Shackleton","year":"1984","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0310684.ref009","first-page":"82","article-title":"The Gelasian Stage (Upper Pliocene): A new unit of the global standard chronostratigraphic scale","volume":"21","author":"R. Rio","year":"1998","journal-title":"International Union of Geological Sciences"},{"key":"pone.0310684.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111907","DOI":"10.1016\/j.palaeo.2023.111907","article-title":"Climate-induced surface water variability at Monte San Nicola type-section (Sicily, southern Italy): New data across the Gelasian GSSP","volume":"634","author":"M Addante","year":"2024","journal-title":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology"},{"key":"pone.0310684.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/j.palaeo.2005.06.020","article-title":"Late pliocene climate variability on Milankovitch to millennial time scales: A high-resolution study of MIS100 from the Mediterranean","volume":"228","author":"J Becker","year":"2005","journal-title":"Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology"},{"key":"pone.0310684.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107367","DOI":"10.1016\/j.quascirev.2021.107367","article-title":"The Monte San Nicola section (Sicily) revisited: A potential unit-stratotype of the Gelasian Stage","volume":"278","author":"L Capraro","year":"2022","journal-title":"Quaternary Science Reviews"},{"key":"pone.0310684.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108469","DOI":"10.1016\/j.quascirev.2023.108469","article-title":"High-resolution climate variability across the Piacenzian\/Gelasian boundary in the Monte San Nicola section (Sicily, Italy)","volume":"324","author":"E Zanola","year":"2024","journal-title":"Quaternary Science Reviews"},{"key":"pone.0310684.ref014","first-page":"161","article-title":"Early development of Bulimina marginata in relation to paleoenvironmental changes in the Mediterranean","volume":"90","author":"PJJM Verhallen","year":"1987","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Koninklijke Akademie voor Wetenschappen"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0310684.ref015","article-title":"Integrated magnetostratigraphy and biostratigraphy of the upper Pliocene-lower Pleistocene from the Monte Singa and Crotone areas in Calabria, Italy","volume":"107","author":"J Zijderveld","year":"1991","journal-title":"Earth and planetary science letters"},{"key":"pone.0310684.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/0012-821X(91)90206-W","article-title":"Astronomical calibration of Gauss to Matuyama sapropels in the Mediterranean and implication for the Geomagnetic Polarity Time Scale","volume":"104","author":"FJ Hilgen","year":"1991","journal-title":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters"},{"key":"pone.0310684.ref017","first-page":"351","article-title":"Calcareous plankton biostratigraphy, magnetostratigraphy and paleoclimatic history of the Plio-Pleistocene Monte San Nicola section (southern Sicily)","volume":"31","author":"J Channell","year":"1992","journal-title":"Bollettino\u2014Societa Paleontologica Italiana"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0310684.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2619","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9422(00)83930-8","article-title":"Long-chain alkenes and alkenones in the marine coccolithophorid Emiliania huxleyi","volume":"19","author":"JK Volkman","year":"1980","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"pone.0310684.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.palaeo.2022.111104","article-title":"Paleoproductivity proxies and alkenone precursors in the Western Mediterranean during the Early-Middle Pleistocene transition","volume":"601","author":"M Marino","year":"2022","journal-title":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0310684.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1038\/s43247-021-00148-0","article-title":"Strong glacial-interglacial variability in upper ocean hydrodynamics, biogeochemistry, and productivity in the southern Indian Ocean","volume":"2","author":"D Tangunan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Commun Earth Environ"},{"issue":"6058","key":"pone.0310684.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1038\/320129a0","article-title":"Molecular stratigraphy: a new tool for climatic assessment","volume":"320","author":"SC Brassell","year":"1986","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0310684.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1757","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-7037(98)00097-0","article-title":"Calibration of the alkenone paleotemperature index U37K\u2032 based on core-tops from the eastern South Atlantic and the global ocean (60\u00b0N-60\u00b0S)","volume":"62","author":"PJ M\u00fcller","year":"1998","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0310684.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2008GC002367","DOI":"10.1029\/2008GC002367","article-title":"Holocene interdependences of changes in sea surface temperature, productivity, and fluvial inputs in the Iberian continental shelf (Tagus mud patch)","volume":"10","author":"T Rodrigues","year":"2009","journal-title":"Geochem Geophys Geosyst"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"pone.0310684.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9673(96)00669-3","article-title":"Clean-up procedures for the unbiased estimation of C37 alkenone sea surface temperatures and terrigenous n-alkane inputs in paleoceanography","volume":"757","author":"J Villanueva","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Chromatography A"},{"issue":"6146","key":"pone.0310684.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1038\/330367a0","article-title":"Calibration of unsaturation patterns in long-chain ketone compositions for palaeotemperature assessment","volume":"330","author":"FG Prahl","year":"1987","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0310684.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2005GC001054","DOI":"10.1029\/2005GC001054","article-title":"Global temperature calibration of the alkenone unsaturation index (U K\u2032 37) in surface waters and comparison with surface sediments","volume":"7","author":"MH Conte","year":"2006","journal-title":"Geochem Geophys Geosyst"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0310684.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2303","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(88)90132-9","article-title":"Further evaluation of long-chain alkenones as indicators of paleoceanographic conditions","volume":"52","author":"FG Prahl","year":"1988","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0310684.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1935","DOI":"10.1016\/0967-0637(93)90040-A","article-title":"Alkenone and alkenoate distributions within the euphotic zone of the eastern North Atlantic: correlation with production temperature","volume":"40","author":"MH Conte","year":"1993","journal-title":"Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0310684.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/S0967-0637(97)89915-3","article-title":"Evaluation of long-chain alkenones as paleo-temperature indicators in the Mediterranean Sea","volume":"44","author":"Y Ternois","year":"1997","journal-title":"Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0310684.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1016\/S0146-6380(99)00038-8","article-title":"C37 alkenone measurements of sea surface temperature in the Gulf of Lions (NW Mediterranean)","volume":"30","author":"I Cacho","year":"1999","journal-title":"Organic Geochemistry"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"pone.0310684.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-0182(00)00053-5","article-title":"Temperature and salinity variations of Mediterranean Sea surface waters over the last 16,000 years from records of planktic stable oxygen isotopes and alkenone unsaturation ratios","volume":"158","author":"KC Emeis","year":"2000","journal-title":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0310684.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/0967-0637(96)00012-X","article-title":"Seasonal temperature and salinity fields in the Mediterranean Sea: Climatological analyses of a historical data set","volume":"43","author":"P Brasseur","year":"1996","journal-title":"Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers"},{"key":"pone.0310684.ref033","first-page":"337","article-title":"15. Pliocene stable isotope stratigraphy of Site 846","author":"NJ Shackleton","year":"1995","journal-title":"Proc Ocean Drill Program Sci Results"},{"issue":"01","key":"pone.0310684.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1142\/S1793536909000047","article-title":"ENSEMBLE EMPIRICAL MODE DECOMPOSITION: A NOISE-ASSISTED DATA ANALYSIS METHOD","volume":"01","author":"Z WU","year":"2009","journal-title":"Advances in Adaptive Data Analysis"},{"issue":"1971","key":"pone.0310684.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1098\/rspa.1998.0193","article-title":"The empirical mode decomposition and the Hilbert spectrum for nonlinear and non-stationary time series analysis","volume":"454","author":"N Huang","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proceedings of the royal society a-mathematical physical and engineering sciences"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0310684.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/S0098-3004(01)00044-9","article-title":"REDFIT: estimating red-noise spectra directly from unevenly spaced paleoclimatic time series","volume":"28","author":"M Schulz","year":"2002","journal-title":"Computers & Geosciences"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0310684.ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1007\/s00180-015-0603-9","article-title":"Introducing libeemd: a program package for performing the ensemble empirical mode decomposition","volume":"31","author":"PJJ Luukko","year":"2016","journal-title":"COMPUTATIONAL STATISTICS"},{"key":"pone.0310684.ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dendro.2009.12.001","article-title":"Statistical and visual crossdating in R using the dplR library","volume":"28","author":"AG Bunn","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dendrochronologia"},{"key":"pone.0310684.ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2093","DOI":"10.1175\/2007JTECHO511.1","article-title":"Rectification of the bias in the wavelet power spectrum","volume":"24","author":"Y Liu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of atmospheric and oceanic technology"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0310684.ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1051\/0004-6361:20041335","article-title":"A long-term numerical solution for the insolation quantities of the Earth","volume":"428","author":"J Laskar","year":"2004","journal-title":"A&A"},{"key":"pone.0310684.ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earscirev.2013.07.003","article-title":"Timing of glaciation during the last glacial cycle: evaluating the concept of a global \u2018Last Glacial Maximum\u2019 (LGM)","volume":"125","author":"PD Hughes","year":"2013","journal-title":"Earth-Science Reviews"},{"key":"pone.0310684.ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4020-2121-3_19","article-title":"Climatic and environmental variability in the mid-latitude Europe sector during the last interglacial-glacial cycle","author":"J Vandenberghe","year":"2004","journal-title":"Past climate variability through Europe and Africa"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0310684.ref043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18938","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-45812-x","article-title":"Hydroclimate variability in the central Mediterranean during MIS 17 interglacial (Middle Pleistocene) highlights timing offset with monsoon activity","volume":"13","author":"L Capraro","year":"2023","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"key":"pone.0310684.ref044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earscirev.2015.01.008","article-title":"Mediterranean climate and oceanography, and the periodic development of anoxic events (sapropels)","volume":"143","author":"EJ Rohling","year":"2015","journal-title":"Earth-Science Reviews"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0310684.ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/S0377-8398(03)00068-9","article-title":"Reconstructing past planktic foraminiferal habitats using stable isotope data: a case history for Mediterranean sapropel S5","volume":"50","author":"EJ Rohling","year":"2004","journal-title":"Marine Micropaleontology"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0310684.ref046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.5194\/cp-19-607-2023","article-title":"A 1.5-million-year record of orbital and millennial climate variability in the North Atlantic","volume":"19","author":"DA Hodell","year":"2023","journal-title":"Climate of the Past"},{"key":"pone.0310684.ref047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marmicro.2024.102397","article-title":"Calcareous Nannofossil variability controlled by Milankovitch and sub-Milankovitch periodicity in the Monte San Nicola section (Gelasian GSSP \/ MIS 100\u2013104)","author":"S Bonomo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Marine Micropaleontology"},{"issue":"C12","key":"pone.0310684.ref048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26345","DOI":"10.1029\/96JC03365","article-title":"Major features and forcing of high\u2010latitude northern hemisphere atmospheric circulation using a 110,000\u2010year\u2010long glaciochemical series","volume":"102","author":"PA Mayewski","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Geophys Res"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"pone.0310684.ref049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gloplacha.2006.01.010","article-title":"Rapid fluctuation of alkenone temperature in the southwestern Okhotsk Sea during the past 120 ky","volume":"53","author":"N Harada","year":"2006","journal-title":"Global and Planetary Change"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0310684.ref050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/S0012-821X(00)00296-X","article-title":"Evidence for enhanced Mediterranean thermohaline circulation during rapid climatic coolings","volume":"183","author":"I Cacho","year":"2000","journal-title":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters"},{"issue":"14\u201315","key":"pone.0310684.ref051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1623","DOI":"10.1016\/j.quascirev.2004.06.018","article-title":"Links between marine and atmospheric processes oscillating on a millennial time-scale. A multi-proxy study of the last 50,000yr from the Alboran Sea (Western Mediterranean Sea)","volume":"24","author":"A Moreno","year":"2005","journal-title":"Quaternary Science Reviews"},{"key":"pone.0310684.ref052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1007\/s00382-001-0212-x","article-title":"Synchroneity between marine and terrestrial responses to millennial scale climatic variability during the last glacial period in the Mediterranean region","volume":"19","author":"MF S\u00e1nchez Go\u00f1i","year":"2002","journal-title":"Climate dynamics"},{"issue":"6401","key":"pone.0310684.ref053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1038\/360245a0","article-title":"Evidence for massive discharges of icebergs into the North Atlantic ocean during the last glacial period","volume":"360","author":"G Bond","year":"1992","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0310684.ref054","article-title":"Sea surface temperatures did not control the first occurrence of Hudson Strait Heinrich Events during MIS 16","volume":"26","author":"BDA Naafs","year":"2011","journal-title":"Paleoceanography"},{"issue":"49","key":"pone.0310684.ref055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30980","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2004209117","article-title":"A new sea-level record for the Neogene\/Quaternary boundary reveals transition to a more stable East Antarctic Ice Sheet","volume":"117","author":"KA Jakob","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0310684.ref056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epsl.2010.08.023","article-title":"Late Pliocene changes in the North Atlantic Current","volume":"298","author":"BDA Naafs","year":"2010","journal-title":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0310684.ref057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1029\/96PA03932","article-title":"Coupled ocean-atmosphere model response to freshwater input: Comparison to Younger Dryas Event","volume":"12","author":"S Manabe","year":"1997","journal-title":"Paleoceanography"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0310684.ref058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1016168827653","article-title":"Global Climatic Impacts of a Collapse of the Atlantic Thermohaline Circulation","volume":"54","author":"M Vellinga","year":"2002","journal-title":"Climatic Change"},{"issue":"5702","key":"pone.0310684.ref059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1762","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1101706","article-title":"Abrupt Temperature Changes in the Western Mediterranean over the Past 250,000 Years","volume":"306","author":"B Martrat","year":"2004","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"pone.0310684.ref060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.quascirev.2017.07.004","article-title":"A 1-Ma record of sea surface temperature and extreme cooling events in the North Atlantic: A perspective from the Iberian Margin","volume":"172","author":"T Rodrigues","year":"2017","journal-title":"Quaternary Science Reviews"},{"key":"pone.0310684.ref061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.quascirev.2014.10.024","article-title":"The Marine Isotope Stage 19 in the mid-latitude North Atlantic Ocean: astronomical signature and intra-interglacial variability","volume":"108","author":"P Ferretti","year":"2015","journal-title":"Quaternary Science Reviews"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0310684.ref062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epsl.2010.02.016","article-title":"North Atlantic millennial-scale climate variability 910 to 790ka and the role of the equatorial insolation forcing","volume":"293","author":"P Ferretti","year":"2010","journal-title":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters"},{"key":"pone.0310684.ref063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epsl.2016.05.018","article-title":"Tropically-driven climate shifts in southwestern Europe during MIS 19, a low eccentricity interglacial","volume":"448","author":"MFS Go\u00f1i","year":"2016","journal-title":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters"},{"key":"pone.0310684.ref064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epsl.2019.01.032","article-title":"Pronounced northward shift of the westerlies during MIS 17 leading to the strong 100-kyr ice age cycles","volume":"511","author":"MFS Go\u00f1i","year":"2019","journal-title":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0310684","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,26]],"date-time":"2024-12-26T18:22:41Z","timestamp":1735237361000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0310684"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Jessica L.","family":"Oster","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,26]]},"references-count":64,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,26]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0310684","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,26]]}}}