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Wildfires impacts on water quality have been thoroughly addressed by the scientific community through field studies, laboratory experiments, and, to a lesser extent, the use of hydrological models. Nonetheless, models are important tools to assess on-site and off-site wildfires impacts and provide the basis for post-fire land management decisions. This study aims to describe the current state of the art of post-fire model adaptation, understanding how wildfires impacts are simulated and the options taken by the modelers in selecting parameters. For this purpose, 42 publications on modeling wildfire impacts on the hydrologic cycle and water quality were retrieved from the SCOPUS database. Most studies simulated post-fire hydrological and erosion response in the first year after the fire, while few assessed nutrients changes and long-term impacts. In addition, most simulations ended at the watershed outlet without considering the fate of pollutants in downstream waterbodies. Ash transport was identified as a major research gap, given the difficulties of its incorporation in the current models\u2019 structure and the high complexity in predicting the heterogeneous ash layer. Including such layer would improve models\u2019 ability to simulate water quality in post-fire conditions, being ash a source of nutrients and contaminants. Model complexity and data limitations influenced the spatial and temporal scale chosen for simulations. Post-fire model adaptations to simulate on-site soil erosion are well established, mainly using empirical equations extensively calibrated in the literature. At the watershed level, however, physical and process-based models are preferred for their ability to simulate more complex burned area characteristics. Future research should focus on the simulation of the ash transport and the development of integrated modelling frameworks, combining watershed and aquatic ecosystem models to link the on and off-site impacts of fires.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pwat.0000025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,25]],"date-time":"2022-07-25T17:24:18Z","timestamp":1658769858000},"page":"e0000025","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pwat.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Advances on water quality modeling in burned areas: A review"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"1","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1732-2933","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Marta","family":"Basso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7808-963X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dalila","family":"Serpa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Marcos","family":"Mateus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4833-0415","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jacob Jan","family":"Keizer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2213-3798","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Diana Catarina Sim\u00f5es","family":"Vieira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6533","key":"pwat.0000025.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abe7821","article-title":"Deforestation, forestation, and water supply","volume":"371","author":"Z Mingfang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Science (80-)."},{"key":"pwat.0000025.ref002","author":"W Reid","year":"2005","journal-title":"Millenium Ecosystem Assessment Synthesis Report"},{"issue":"5","key":"pwat.0000025.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e14086","DOI":"10.1002\/hyp.14086","article-title":"Scientists\u2019 warning on extreme wildfire risks to water supply.","volume":"35","author":"FN Robinne","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hydrol Process."},{"key":"pwat.0000025.ref004","unstructured":"FAO. Global Forest Fire Assessment 1990\u20132000. Forest Resources Assessment Programme Working Paper 55. Rome; 2001."},{"issue":"6379","key":"pwat.0000025.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aar8120","article-title":"Rethinking wildfires and forest watersheds","volume":"359","author":"K. Blandon","year":"2018","journal-title":"Science (80-)."},{"key":"pwat.0000025.ref006","first-page":"1095","volume-title":"Wildfire impacts on reservoir sedimentation in the western United States. In: Proceedings of the Ninth International Symposium on River Sedimentation","author":"JA Moody","year":"2004"},{"issue":"2","key":"pwat.0000025.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2010.08.051","article-title":"Implications of land disturbance on drinking water treatability in a changing climate: Demonstrating the need for \u201csource water supply and protection\u201d strategies.","volume":"45","author":"MB Emelko","year":"2011","journal-title":"Water Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"pwat.0000025.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earscirev.2005.10.006","article-title":"Wildfire as a hydrological and geomorphological agent.","volume":"74","author":"RA Shakesby","year":"2006","journal-title":"Earth-Science Rev."},{"issue":"3","key":"pwat.0000025.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earscirev.2011.01.001","article-title":"Post-wildfire soil erosion in the Mediterranean: Review and future research directions.","volume":"105","author":"RA Shakesby","year":"2011","journal-title":"Earth-Science Rev."},{"issue":"1","key":"pwat.0000025.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00442-004-1788-8","article-title":"Effects of fire on properties of forest soils: a review","volume":"143","author":"G. Certini","year":"2005","journal-title":"Oecologia"},{"key":"pwat.0000025.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earscirev.2013.03.004","article-title":"Current research issues related to post-wildfire runoff and erosion processes.","volume":"122","author":"JA Moody","year":"2013","journal-title":"Earth-Science Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"pwat.0000025.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2010.10.043","article-title":"Wildfire effects on water quality in forest catchments: A review with implications for water supply","volume":"396","author":"HG Smith","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Hydrol"},{"key":"pwat.0000025.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135843","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.135843","article-title":"Mid-term post-fire losses of nitrogen and phosphorus by overland flow in two contrasting eucalypt stands in north-central Portugal","volume":"705","author":"D Serpa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"issue":"9","key":"pwat.0000025.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2359","DOI":"10.1139\/X08-071","article-title":"Wildfire impacts on nitrogen concentration and production from headwater streams in southern Alberta\u2019s Rocky Mountains","volume":"38","author":"KD Bladon","year":"2008","journal-title":"Can J For Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"pwat.0000025.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1340","DOI":"10.1086\/684073","article-title":"Fire effects on aquatic ecosystems: an assessment of the current state of the science.","volume":"34","author":"RJ Bixby","year":"2015","journal-title":"Freshw Sci"},{"issue":"18","key":"pwat.0000025.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2360","DOI":"10.1002\/ldr.3427","article-title":"Forest fires as potential triggers for production and mobilization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to the terrestrial ecosystem.","volume":"30","author":"I Campos","year":"2019","journal-title":"L Degrad Dev."},{"issue":"10","key":"pwat.0000025.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2006.07.029","article-title":"Release of polycyclic aromatic compounds into a Mediterranean creek (Catalonia, NE Spain) after a forest fire.","volume":"41","author":"M Vila-Escal\u00e9","year":"2007","journal-title":"Water Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"pwat.0000025.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1071\/WF17115","article-title":"Post-fire water-quality response in the western United States.","volume":"27","author":"AJ Rust","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Wildl Fire"},{"key":"pwat.0000025.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2015.01.071","article-title":"Does soil burn severity affect the post-fire runoff and interrill erosion response? 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