{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,17]],"date-time":"2026-01-17T21:50:01Z","timestamp":1768686601339,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,1]],"date-time":"2006-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1141171200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Background: Cyanide (CN) is a lethal toxin. Quantification in blood is necessary to indicate exposure from many sources, including food, combustion byproducts, and terrorist activity. We describe an automated procedure based on isotope-dilution gas chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry (ID GC\/MS) for the accurate and rapid determination of CN in whole blood.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Methods: A known amount of isotopically labeled potassium cyanide (K13C15N) was added to 0.5 g of whole blood in a headspace vial. Hydrogen cyanide was generated through the addition of phosphoric acid, and after a 5-min incubation, 0.5 mL of the headspace was injected into the GC\/MS at an oven temperature of \u221215 \u00b0C. The peak areas from the sample, 1H12C14N+, at m\/z 27, and the internal standard, 1H13C15N+, at m\/z 29, were measured, and the CN concentration was quantified by ID. The analysis time was 15 min for a single injection.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Results: We demonstrated method accuracy by measuring the CN content of unfrozen whole blood samples fortified with a known amount of CN. Intermediate precision was demonstrated by periodic analyses over a 14-month span. Relative expanded uncertainties based on a 95% level of confidence with a coverage factor of 2 at CN concentrations of 0.06, 0.6, and 1.5 \u03bcg\/g were 8.3%, 5.4%, and 5.3%, respectively. The mean deviation from the known value for all concentrations was &amp;lt;4%.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Conclusion: The automated ID GC\/MS method can accurately and rapidly quantify nanogram per gram to microgram per gram concentrations of CN in blood.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2005.061002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,26]],"date-time":"2006-01-26T20:48:32Z","timestamp":1138308512000},"page":"458-467","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Determination of Cyanide in Blood by Isotope-Dilution Gas Chromatography\u2013Mass Spectrometry"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Karen E","family":"Murphy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michele M","family":"Schantz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Therese A","family":"Butler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"Bruce A","family":"Benner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura J","family":"Wood","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gregory C","family":"Turk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020022801315000100_R1","unstructured":"Homan ER. 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