{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T00:34:12Z","timestamp":1772670852129,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,1]],"date-time":"2008-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1225497600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":366,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000071","name":"National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R24 HD042828"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R24 HD042828"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000071","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010500","name":"Center for Studies in Demography and Ecology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010500","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BCS-0622358"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BCS-0622358"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001388","name":"Wenner-Gren Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["7460"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["7460"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001388","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Background: Retinol-binding protein (RBP) is accepted as a surrogate biochemical marker for retinol to determine vitamin A (VA) status. A recently developed enzyme immunoassay for RBP uses serum or whole blood stored as dried blood spots (DBS). However, the stability of RBP in DBS has not been examined.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Methods: RBP stability was studied in a laboratory and in field conditions in northern Kenya. For the laboratory study, 63 DBS collected by finger prick and stored sealed in a plastic bag with desiccant were exposed to 1 of 5 time\/storage-temperature treatments: (a) baseline, (b) 30 \u00b0C\/7 days, (c) 30 \u00b0C\/14 days, (d) 30 \u00b0C\/28 days, and (e) 4 \u00b0C\/38 days. Baseline RBP concentrations were compared to those obtained after the storage treatments. For the field study, 50 paired DBS and serum specimens were prepared from venous blood obtained in northern Kenya. DBS were stored in a sealed plastic bag with desiccant at ambient temperature (12 \u00b0C\u201328 \u00b0C) for 13\u201342 days, and sera were stored at \u221220 \u00b0C to \u221270 \u00b0C. Recovered RBP concentrations were compared with serum retinol for stability, correlation, sensitivity, and specificity.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Results: RBP in DBS stored in the laboratory at 30 \u00b0C remained stable for 2\u20134 weeks, but specimens stored at 4 \u00b0C for 38 days produced values below baseline (P = 0.001). DBS stored under field conditions remained stable for 2\u20136 weeks, as demonstrated by good correlation with serum retinol, a result that suggests that RBP in DBS will have good sensitivity and specificity for predicting VA deficiency.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Conclusion: RBP in DBS can withstand storage at a relatively high ambient temperature and thus facilitate accurate VA assessments in populations in locations where serum collection and storage are unfeasible.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2007.093104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,22]],"date-time":"2007-10-22T17:34:20Z","timestamp":1193074460000},"page":"1972-1975","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Retinol-Binding Protein Stability in Dried Blood Spots"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Masako","family":"Fujita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anthropology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA;"},{"name":"Center for Studies in Demography and Ecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eleanor","family":"Brindle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Studies in Demography and Ecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jane","family":"Shofer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Studies in Demography and Ecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philip","family":"Ndemwa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Public Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yeri","family":"Kombe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Public Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bettina","family":"Shell-Duncan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anthropology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA;"},{"name":"Center for Studies in Demography and Ecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kathleen A","family":"O\u2019Connor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anthropology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA;"},{"name":"Center for Studies in Demography and Ecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020030521310323700_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"de Pee S, Muhilal WC, Karyadi D, Hautvast JG. Lack of improvement in VA status with increased consumption of dark-green leafy vegetables. Lancet1995;346:75-81.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(95)92111-7"},{"key":"2020030521310323700_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"de Pee S, Bloem MW, Gorstein J, Sari M, Satoto, Yip R, et al. Reappraisal of the role of vegetables in the vitamin A status of mothers in Central Java, Indonesia. Am J Clin Nutr1998;68:1068-1074.","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/68.5.1068"},{"key":"2020030521310323700_R3","unstructured":"Newman V. VA and Breastfeeding: a Comparison of Data from Developed and Developing Countries1993 Well-Start International San Diego. ."},{"key":"2020030521310323700_R4","unstructured":"McLaren DS, Frigg M. Sight and Life Manual on Vitamin A Deficiency Disorders (VADD) 2nd ed. 2001 Task Force SIGHT AND LIFE Basel. ."},{"key":"2020030521310323700_R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bender DA. Vitamin A: retinoids and carotenoids. 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