{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T22:54:42Z","timestamp":1792450482357,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,1]],"date-time":"2011-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1322697600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We analyzed serial data in patients with clinically stable monoclonal gammopathy to determine the total variation of serum M-spikes [measured with serum protein electrophoresis (SPEP)], urine M-spikes [measured with urine protein electrophoresis (UPEP)], and monoclonal serum free light chain (FLC) concentrations measured with immunoassay.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Patients to be studied were identified by (a) no treatment during the study interval, (b) no change in diagnosis and &amp;lt;5 g\/L change in serum M-spike over the course of observation; (c) performance of all 3 tests (SPEP, UPEP, FLC immunoassay) in at least 3 serial samples that were obtained 9 months to 5 years apart; (d) serum M-spike \u226510 g\/L, urine M-spike \u2265200 mg\/24 h, or clonal FLC \u2265100 mg\/L. The total CV was calculated for each method.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Among the cohort of 158 patients, 90 had measurable serum M-spikes, 25 had urine M-spikes, and 52 had measurable serum FLC abnormalities. The CVs were calculated for serial SPEP M-spikes (8.1%), UPEP M-spikes (35.8%), and serum FLC concentrations (28.4%). Combining these CVs and the interassay analytical CVs, we calculated the biological CV for the serum M-spike (7.8%), urine M-spike (35.5%), and serum FLC concentration (27.8%).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The variations in urine M-spike and serum FLC measurements during patient monitoring are similar and are larger than those for serum M-spikes. In addition, in this group of stable patients, a measurable serum FLC concentration was available twice as often as a measurable urine M-spike.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2011.171314","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,7]],"date-time":"2011-10-07T05:39:04Z","timestamp":1317965944000},"page":"1687-1692","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":70,"title":["Long-Term Biological Variation of Serum Protein Electrophoresis M-Spike, Urine M-Spike, and Monoclonal Serum Free Light Chain Quantification: Implications for Monitoring Monoclonal Gammopathies"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Jerry A","family":"Katzmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Biochemistry & Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology"},{"name":"Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa R","family":"Snyder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Biochemistry & Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S Vincent","family":"Rajkumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Biochemistry & Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology"},{"name":"Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert A","family":"Kyle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Biochemistry & Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology"},{"name":"Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Terry M","family":"Therneau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Statistics & Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanne T","family":"Benson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Statistics & Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Dispenzieri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Biochemistry & Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology"},{"name":"Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020022705035683200_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1467","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.leu.2404284","article-title":"International uniform response criteria for multiple myeloma","volume":"20","author":"Durie","year":"2006","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"2020022705035683200_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2005.05867.x","article-title":"Guidelines on the diagnosis and management of multiple myeloma 2005","volume":"132","author":"Smith","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"2020022705035683200_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1523","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2009.124461","article-title":"Quantitation of serum monoclonal proteins: relationship between agarose gel electrophoresis and immunonephelometry","volume":"55","author":"Murray","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"2020022705035683200_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2008.307","article-title":"International Myeloma Working Group guidelines for serum-free light chain analysis in multiple myeloma and related disorders","volume":"23","author":"Dispenzieri","year":"2009","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"2020022705035683200_B5","article-title":"Biological variation: from principles to practice","author":"Fraser","year":"2001"},{"key":"2020022705035683200_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.2007.047175","article-title":"What is a significant difference between sequential laboratory results?","volume":"61","author":"Smellie","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"2020022705035683200_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1080\/00401706.1988.10488406","article-title":"Heteroscadastic nonlinear regression","volume":"30","author":"Beal","year":"1988","journal-title":"Technometics"},{"key":"2020022705035683200_B8","unstructured":"Ric\u00f3s\n              C\n            , Garc\u00eda-LarioJ-V, AlvaresV, CavaF, DomenechM, Hern\u00e1ndezA et al. 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