{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T13:45:27Z","timestamp":1791294327515,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,1]],"date-time":"2012-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1335830400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32 DK 007296"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32 DK 007296"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The use of serum human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and progesterone to identify patients with ectopic pregnancy (EP) has been shown to have poor clinical utility. Pregnancy-associated circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been proposed as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of pregnancy-associated complications. This proof-of-concept study examined the diagnostic accuracy of various miRNAs to detect EP in an emergency department (ED) setting.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study was a retrospective case\u2013control analysis of 89 women who presented to the ED with vaginal bleeding and\/or abdominal pain\/cramping and received a diagnosis of viable intrauterine pregnancy (VIP), spontaneous abortion (SA), or EP. Serum hCG and progesterone concentrations were measured by immunoassays. The serum concentrations of miRNAs miR-323-3p, miR-517a, miR-519d, and miR-525-3p were measured with TaqMan real-time PCR. Statistical analysis was performed to determine the clinical utility of these biomarkers, both as single markers and as multimarker panels for EP.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Concentrations of serum hCG, progesterone, miR-517a, miR-519d, and miR-525-3p were significantly lower in EP and SA cases than in VIP cases (P &amp;lt; 0.01). In contrast, the concentration of miR-323-3p was significantly increased in EP cases, compared with SA and VIP cases (P &amp;lt; 0.01). As a single marker, miR-323-3p had the highest sensitivity of 37.0% (at a fixed specificity of 90%). In comparison, the combined panel of hCG, progesterone, and miR-323-3p yielded the highest sensitivity (77.8%, at a fixed specificity of 90%). A stepwise analysis that used hCG first, added progesterone, and then added miR-323-3p yielded a 96.3% sensitivity and a 72.6% specificity.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Pregnancy-associated miRNAs, especially miR-323-3p, added substantial diagnostic accuracy to a panel including hCG and progesterone for the diagnosis of EP.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2011.179283","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,7]],"date-time":"2012-03-07T00:50:59Z","timestamp":1331081459000},"page":"896-905","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":84,"title":["Circulating MicroRNA miR-323-3p as a Biomarker of Ectopic Pregnancy"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Zhen","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pathology and Immunology, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiuhong","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua","family":"Warrick","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pathology and Immunology, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina M","family":"Lockwood","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pathology and Immunology, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alison","family":"Woodworth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kelle H","family":"Moley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, 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