{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T03:03:35Z","timestamp":1787022215660,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,1]],"date-time":"2013-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1372636800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Blood and plasma cannabinoid stability is important for test interpretation and is best studied in authentic rather than fortified samples.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Low and high blood and plasma pools were created for each of 10 participants after they smoked a cannabis cigarette. The stabilities of \u03949-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), 11-hydroxy-THC (11-OH-THC), 11-nor-9-carboxy-THC (THCCOOH), cannabidiol (CBD), cannabinol (CBN), THC-glucuronide, and THCCOOH-glucuronide were determined after 1 week at room temperature; 1, 2, 4, 12, and 26 (\u00b12) weeks at 4 \u00b0C; and 1, 2, 4, 12, 26 (\u00b12), and 52 (\u00b14) weeks at \u221220 \u00b0C. Stability was assessed by Friedman test.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Numbers of THC-glucuronide and CBD-positive blood samples were insufficient to assess stability. In blood, 11-OH-THC and CBN were stable for 1 week at room temperature, whereas THC and THCCOOH-glucuronide decreased and THCCOOH increased. In blood, THC, THCCOOH-glucuronide, THCCOOH, 11-OH-THC, and CBN were stable for 12, 4, 4, 12, and 26 weeks, respectively, at 4 \u00b0C and 12, 12, 26, 26, and 52 weeks at \u221220 \u00b0C. In plasma, THC-glucuronide, THC, CBN, and CBD were stable for 1 week at room temperature, whereas THCCOOH-glucuronide and 11-OH-THC decreased and THCCOOH increased. In plasma, THC-glucuronide, THC, THCCOOH-glucuronide, THCCOOH, 11-OH-THC, CBN, and CBD were stable for 26, 26, 2, 2, 26, 12, and 26 weeks, respectively, at 4 \u00b0C and 52, 52, 26, 26, 52, 52, and 52 weeks, respectively, at \u221220 \u00b0C.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Blood and plasma samples should be stored at \u221220 \u00b0C for no more than 3 and 6 months, respectively, to assure accurate cannabinoid quantitative results.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2012.201467","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,22]],"date-time":"2013-03-22T00:40:03Z","timestamp":1363912803000},"page":"1108-1117","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["In Vitro Stability of Free and Glucuronidated Cannabinoids in Blood and Plasma Following Controlled Smoked Cannabis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Karl B","family":"Scheidweiler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemistry and Drug Metabolism, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, Baltimore, MD"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David M","family":"Schwope","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemistry and Drug Metabolism, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, Baltimore, MD"},{"name":"Aegis Sciences Corp., Nashville, TN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erin L","family":"Karschner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemistry and Drug Metabolism, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, Baltimore, MD"},{"name":"Aegis Sciences Corp., Nashville, TN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathalie A","family":"Desrosiers","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemistry and Drug Metabolism, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, Baltimore, MD"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David A","family":"Gorelick","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemistry and Drug Metabolism, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, Baltimore, MD"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marilyn A","family":"Huestis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemistry and Drug Metabolism, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, Baltimore, MD"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020022705333305800_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/48.2.301","article-title":"Stability of 11-nor-delta(9)-carboxy-tetrahydrocannabinol glucuronide in plasma and urine assessed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry","volume":"48","author":"Skopp","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"2020022705333305800_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/16.4.228","article-title":"Metabolism of tetrahydrocannabinol in frequent and infrequent marijuana users","volume":"16","author":"Kelly","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Anal Toxicol"},{"key":"2020022705333305800_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/16.5.283","article-title":"Blood cannabinoids. 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