{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T17:59:48Z","timestamp":1793728788977,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,1]],"date-time":"2014-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1393632000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>Circulating cell-free DNA (ccf-DNA) is becoming an important biomarker for cancer diagnostics and therapy monitoring. The isolation of ccf-DNA from plasma as a \u201cliquid biopsy\u201d may begin to replace more invasive tissue biopsies for the detection and analysis of cancer-related mutations. Conventional methods for the isolation of ccf-DNA from plasma are costly, time-consuming, and complex, preventing the use of ccf-DNA biomarkers for point-of-care diagnostics and limiting other biomedical research applications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>We used an AC electrokinetic device to rapidly isolate ccf-DNA from 25 \u03bcL unprocessed blood. ccf-DNA from 15 chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients and 3 healthy individuals was separated into dielectrophoretic (DEP) high-field regions, after which other blood components were removed by a fluidic wash. Concentrated ccf-DNA was detected by fluorescence and eluted for quantification, PCR, and DNA sequencing. The complete process, blood to PCR, required &amp;lt;10 min. ccf-DNA was amplified by PCR with immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region (IGHV)-specific primers to identify the unique IGHV gene expressed by the leukemic B-cell clone, and then sequenced.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>PCR and DNA sequencing results obtained by DEP from 25 \u03bcL CLL blood matched results obtained by use of conventional methods for ccf-DNA isolation from 1 mL plasma and for genomic DNA isolation from CLL patient leukemic B cells isolated from 15\u201320 mL blood.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Rapid isolation of ccf-DNA directly from a drop of blood will advance disease-related biomarker research, accelerate the transition from tissue to liquid biopsies, and enable point-of-care diagnostic systems for patient monitoring.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2013.214874","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,23]],"date-time":"2013-11-23T07:00:13Z","timestamp":1385190013000},"page":"500-509","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Rapid Electrokinetic Isolation of Cancer-Related Circulating Cell-Free DNA Directly from Blood"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Avery","family":"Sonnenberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer Y","family":"Marciniak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Rassenti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UCSD Moores Cancer Center, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emanuela 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