{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T05:44:57Z","timestamp":1792647897647,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,1]],"date-time":"2017-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1504224000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011699","name":"Siemens Healthineers","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011699","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The European Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (EFLM) European Biological Variation Study (EuBIVAS) has been established to deliver rigorously determined biological variation (BV) indices. EuBIVAS determined BV for serum creatinine using the enzymatic and alkaline picrate measurement methods.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHOD<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In total, 91 healthy individuals (38 males, 53 females; age range, 21\u201369 years) were bled for 10 consecutive weeks at 6 European laboratories. An equivalent protocol was followed at each center. Sera were stored at \u221280 \u00b0C before analysis. Analyses for each patient were performed in duplicate within a single run on an ADVIA 2400 system (San Raffaele Hospital, Milan). The data were subjected to outlier and homogeneity analysis before performing CV-ANOVA to determine BV and analytical variation (CVA) estimates with confidence intervals (CI).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The within-subject BV estimates [CVI (95% CI)] were similar for enzymatic [4.4% (4.2\u20134.7)] and alkaline picrate [4.7% (4.4\u20134.9)] methods and lower than the estimate presently available online (CVI = 5.9%). No significant male\/female BV differences were found. Significant differences were observed in mean creatinine values between men and women and between Turkish individuals and those of other nationalities. Between-subject BV (CVG) estimates, stratified accordingly, produced CVG values similar to historical BV data. CVA was 1.1% for the enzymatic and 4.4% for alkaline picrate methods, indicating that alkaline picrate methods fail to fulfill analytical performance specifications for imprecision (CVAPS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The serum creatinine CVI obtained by EuBIVAS specifies a more stringent CVAPS than previously identified. The alkaline picrate method failed to meet this CVAPS, raising questions regarding its future use.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2017.275115","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,18]],"date-time":"2017-07-18T21:00:19Z","timestamp":1500411619000},"page":"1527-1536","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":75,"title":["The EuBIVAS Project: Within- and Between-Subject Biological Variation Data for Serum Creatinine Using Enzymatic and Alkaline Picrate Methods and Implications for Monitoring"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Anna","family":"Carobene","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Servizio di Medicina di Laboratorio, Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Biological Variation Working Group, European Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, http:\/\/efcclm.eu\/science\/wg-biological-variation, www.biologicalvariation.com"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Marino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Servizio di Medicina di Laboratorio, Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdurrahman","family":"Co\u015fkun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Acibadem University School of Medicine, Atasehir, Istanbul, Turkey"},{"name":"Biological Variation Working Group, European Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, http:\/\/efcclm.eu\/science\/wg-biological-variation, www.biologicalvariation.com"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mustafa","family":"Serteser","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Acibadem University School of Medicine, Atasehir, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ibrahim","family":"Unsal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Acibadem University School of Medicine, Atasehir, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Guerra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Servizio di Medicina di Laboratorio, Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William A","family":"Bartlett","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Blood Sciences, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Scotland, UK"},{"name":"Biological Variation Working Group, European Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, http:\/\/efcclm.eu\/science\/wg-biological-variation, www.biologicalvariation.com"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sverre","family":"Sandberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway"},{"name":"Norwegian Quality Improvement of Laboratory Examinations (Noklus), Haraldsplass Deaconess Hospital, Bergen, Norway"},{"name":"Biological Variation Working Group, European Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, http:\/\/efcclm.eu\/science\/wg-biological-variation, www.biologicalvariation.com"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aasne Karine","family":"Aarsand","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway"},{"name":"Biological Variation Working Group, European Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, http:\/\/efcclm.eu\/science\/wg-biological-variation, www.biologicalvariation.com"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marit Sverresdotter","family":"Sylte","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"R\u00f8raas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwegian Quality Improvement of Laboratory Examinations (Noklus), Haraldsplass Deaconess Hospital, Bergen, Norway"},{"name":"Biological Variation Working Group, European Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, http:\/\/efcclm.eu\/science\/wg-biological-variation, www.biologicalvariation.com"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Una \u00d8rvim","family":"S\u00f8lvik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pilar","family":"Fernandez-Calle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain, and Quality Analytical Commission of Spanish Society of Clinical Chemistry (SEQC)"},{"name":"Biological Variation Working Group, European Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, http:\/\/efcclm.eu\/science\/wg-biological-variation, www.biologicalvariation.com"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"D\u00edaz-Garz\u00f3n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain, and Quality Analytical Commission of Spanish Society of Clinical Chemistry (SEQC)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Tosato","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine University Hospital, Padua, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Plebani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine University Hospital, Padua, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niels","family":"Jonker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Certe, Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis Assen, Europaweg-Zuid 1, 9401 RK Assen, the Netherlands"},{"name":"Biological Variation Working Group, European Federation of 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