{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T07:10:23Z","timestamp":1790665823859,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,1]],"date-time":"2018-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1517443200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100002429","name":"Amgen","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100002429","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004339","name":"Sanofi","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004339","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004319","name":"Pfizer","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004319","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is the most frequent genetic disorder seen clinically and is characterized by increased LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) (&amp;gt;95th percentile), family history of increased LDL-C, premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in the patient or in first-degree relatives, presence of tendinous xanthomas or premature corneal arcus, or presence of a pathogenic mutation in the LDLR, PCSK9, or APOB genes. A diagnosis of FH has important clinical implications with respect to lifelong risk of ASCVD and requirement for intensive pharmacological therapy. The concentration of baseline LDL-C (untreated) is essential for the diagnosis of FH but is often not available because the individual is already on statin therapy.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To validate a new algorithm to impute baseline LDL-C, we examined 1297 patients. The baseline LDL-C was compared with the imputed baseline obtained within 18 months of the initiation of therapy. We compared the percent reduction in LDL-C on treatment from baseline with the published percent reductions.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>After eliminating individuals with missing data, nonstandard doses of statins, or medications other than statins or ezetimibe, we provide data on 951 patients. The mean \u00b1 SE baseline LDL-C was 243.0 (2.2) mg\/dL [6.28 (0.06) mmol\/L], and the mean \u00b1 SE imputed baseline LDL-C was 244.2 (2.6) mg\/dL [6.31 (0.07) mmol\/L] (P = 0.48). There was no difference in response according to the patient's sex or in percent reduction between observed and expected for individual doses or types of statin or ezetimibe.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We provide a validated estimation of baseline LDL-C for patients with FH that may help clinicians in making a diagnosis.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2017.279422","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,16]],"date-time":"2017-10-16T20:55:22Z","timestamp":1508187322000},"page":"355-362","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["Imputation of Baseline LDL Cholesterol Concentration in Patients with Familial Hypercholesterolemia on Statins or Ezetimibe"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Isabelle","family":"Ruel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Royal Victoria Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sumayah","family":"Aljenedil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Royal Victoria Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iman","family":"Sadri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Royal Victoria Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c9milie","family":"de Varennes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Royal Victoria Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert A","family":"Hegele","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry, Schulich School 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Canada"},{"name":"Nutrition, Metabolism, and Atherosclerosis Clinic, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montr\u00e9al, QC, Canada"},{"name":"Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Medicine, McGill University, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Dufour","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Montreal, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Gaudet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lipidology Unit, Community Genomic Medicine Centre and ECOGENE-21, Department of Medicine, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Saguenay, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diane","family":"Brisson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lipidology Unit, Community Genomic Medicine Centre and ECOGENE-21, Department of Medicine, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Saguenay, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liam R","family":"Brunham","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Healthy Heart Program Prevention Clinic, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada"},{"name":"Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, Providence Health Care Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gordon A","family":"Francis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Healthy Heart Program Prevention Clinic, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada"},{"name":"Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, Providence Health Care Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lubomira","family":"Cermakova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James M","family":"Brophy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"McGill University, Royal Victoria Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arnold","family":"Ryomoto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G B John","family":"Mancini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, 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