{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T11:31:46Z","timestamp":1790854306613,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,1]],"date-time":"2007-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1175385600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,1]],"date-time":"2007-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1175385600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","journal.chestnet.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,4]]},"DOI":"10.1378\/chest.06-2154","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,10]],"date-time":"2007-04-10T13:40:59Z","timestamp":1176212459000},"page":"1075-1081","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Normal Bronchial Blood Flow in COPD Is Unaffected by Inhaled Corticosteroids and Correlates With Exhaled Nitric Oxide"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"131","author":[{"given":"Paolo","family":"Paredi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Ward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Derek","family":"Cramer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter J.","family":"Barnes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergei A.","family":"Kharitonov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1378\/chest.06-2154_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1513\/pats.200402-009MS","article-title":"Remodeling and inflammation of bronchi in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"1","author":"Jeffery","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc Am Thorac Soc"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.06-2154_bib2","first-page":"599","article-title":"Preliminary studies of human pulmonary capillaries by India ink injection","volume":"19","author":"Reid","year":"1962","journal-title":"Med Thorac"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.06-2154_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.8.1.46","article-title":"The bronchial arteries in pulmonary emphysema","volume":"8","author":"Cudkowicz","year":"1953","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.06-2154_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.127.3.965","article-title":"Quantitative analysis of bronchial wall vascularity in the medium and small airways of patients with asthma and COPD","volume":"127","author":"Hashimoto","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.06-2154_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1186\/1465-9921-6-15","article-title":"Correlation of exhaled breath temperature with bronchial blood flow in asthma","volume":"6","author":"Paredi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.06-2154_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-216-44168","article-title":"Approaches to cancer prevention based on an understanding of N-nitrosamine carcinogenesis","volume":"216","author":"Hecht","year":"1997","journal-title":"Proc Soc Exp Biol Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.06-2154_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1495","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200306-727OC","article-title":"Increased airway vascularity in newly diagnosed asthma using a high-magnification bronchovideoscope","volume":"168","author":"Tanaka","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.06-2154_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2056","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2004.08.033","article-title":"Global impairment of brachial, carotid, and aortic vascular function in young smokers: direct quantification by high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"44","author":"Wiesmann","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.06-2154_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pupt.2005.12.004","article-title":"Airway blood flow reactivity in smokers","volume":"20","author":"Wanner","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pulm Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.06-2154_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.154.4.8887607","article-title":"Systemic oxidative stress in asthma, COPD, and smokers","volume":"154","author":"Rahman","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.06-2154_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-5687(91)90120-8","article-title":"Effect of histamine on tracheal mucosal perfusion, water content and airway smooth muscle in sheep","volume":"84","author":"Chediak","year":"1991","journal-title":"Respir Physiol"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.06-2154_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1987.tb11374.x","article-title":"Dose-related effects of pharmacological mediators on tracheal vascular resistance in dogs","volume":"92","author":"Laitinen","year":"1987","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.06-2154_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S65","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/136.6_Pt_2.S65","article-title":"Neurogenic inflammation in the respiratory tract: actions of sensory nerve mediators on blood vessels and epithelium of the airway mucosa","volume":"136","author":"McDonald","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.06-2154_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(83)90532-0","article-title":"Acute microvascular effects of PAF-acether, as studied by intravital microscopy","volume":"96","author":"Bjork","year":"1983","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.06-2154_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax.56.1.30","article-title":"Sputum and plasma endothelin-1 levels in exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"56","author":"Roland","year":"2001","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.06-2154_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(02)01562-0","article-title":"Possible effects of vascular endothelial growth factor in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"114","author":"Kanazawa","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.06-2154_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-9556(25)07791-8","article-title":"In vitro metabolism of mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate by microsomal enzymes: similarity to omega- and (omega-1) oxidation of fatty acids","volume":"12","author":"Albro","year":"1984","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.06-2154_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1773","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.162.5.9910112","article-title":"Partial reversibility of airflow limitation and increased exhaled NO and sputum eosinophilia in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"162","author":"Papi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.06-2154_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1256","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.163.5.2101039","article-title":"Global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: NHLBI\/WHO Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) Workshop summary","volume":"163","author":"Pauwels","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.06-2154_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1683","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.97.10071683","article-title":"Exhaled and nasal nitric oxide measurements: recommendations: the European Respiratory Society Task Force","volume":"10","author":"Kharitonov","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.06-2154_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1386","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1995.79.4.1386","article-title":"Measurement of airway mucosal blood flow with dimethylether: validation with microspheres","volume":"79","author":"Scuri","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.06-2154_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.161.1.9905068","article-title":"Effect of an inhaled glucocorticosteroid on airway mucosal blood flow in mild asthma","volume":"161","author":"Brieva","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.06-2154_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1981.51.5.1357","article-title":"Influence of hematocrit and temperature on solubility of acetylene and dimethyl ether","volume":"51","author":"Jibelian","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.06-2154_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.03.00061902","article-title":"Slower rise of exhaled breath temperature in COPDSlower rise of exhaled breath temperature in COPD","volume":"21","author":"Paredi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.06-2154_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.158.1.9712141","article-title":"Airway mucosal blood flow in bronchial asthma","volume":"1998; 158","author":"Kumar","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.06-2154_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.03.00072402","article-title":"Comparative bronchial vasoconstrictive efficacy of inhaled glucocorticosteroids","volume":"21","author":"Mendes","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.06-2154_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(94)90931-8","article-title":"Increased nitric oxide in exhaled air of asthmatic patients","volume":"343","author":"Kharitonov","year":"1994","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.06-2154_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1352","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.115.5.1352","article-title":"Exhaled nitric oxide is increased in active fibrosing alveolitis","volume":"115","author":"Paredi","year":"1999","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.06-2154_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.157.3.97-05009","article-title":"Exhaled nitric oxide in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"157","author":"Maziak","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.06-2154_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1244","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2222.1998.00342.x","article-title":"Increased production of endogenous nitric oxide in patients with bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"28","author":"Kanazawa","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Exp Allergy"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.06-2154_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.54.7.576","article-title":"Markers of nitric oxide metabolism in sputum and exhaled air are not increased in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"54","author":"Rutgers","year":"1999","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.06-2154_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.53.10.881","article-title":"Endogenous nitric oxide in patients with stable COPD: correlates with severity of disease","volume":"53","author":"Clini","year":"1998","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.06-2154_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.162.2.9909025","article-title":"Exhaled ethane, a marker of lipid peroxidation, is elevated in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"162","author":"Paredi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.06-2154_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1635","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.160.5.9811058","article-title":"Effect of high dose inhaled steroid on cells, cytokines, and proteases in induced sputum in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"160","author":"Culpitt","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.06-2154_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.155.2.9032192","article-title":"Effects of inhaled and oral glucocorticoids on inflammatory indices in asthma and COPD","volume":"155","author":"Keatings","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.06-2154_bib36","first-page":"L472","article-title":"Relative contributions of endothelial, inducible, and neuronal NOS to tone in the murine pulmonary circulation","volume":"277","author":"Fagan","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.06-2154_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2005-0338OC","article-title":"(R)-albuterol elicits antiinflammatory effects in human airway epithelial cells via iNOS","volume":"34","author":"Chorley","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.06-2154_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax.57.10.889","article-title":"Dose-dependent onset and cessation of action of inhaled budesonide on exhaled nitric oxide and symptoms in mild asthma","volume":"57","author":"Kharitonov","year":"2002","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.06-2154_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.162.2.9909025","article-title":"Exhaled ethane is increased in COPD and correlates with airway obstruction","volume":"162","author":"Paredi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"}],"container-title":["Chest"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0012369215490348?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0012369215490348?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]],"date-time":"2025-09-15T07:21:40Z","timestamp":1757920900000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0012369215490348"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,4]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0012369215490348"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1378\/chest.06-2154","relation":{},"ISSN":["0012-3692"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0012-3692","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Normal Bronchial Blood Flow in COPD Is Unaffected by Inhaled Corticosteroids and Correlates With Exhaled Nitric Oxide","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Chest","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1378\/chest.06-2154","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2007 The American College of Chest Physicians. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}