{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T00:43:10Z","timestamp":1792024990753,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":134,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,1]],"date-time":"2011-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1301616000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,1]],"date-time":"2011-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1301616000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","journal.chestnet.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,4]]},"DOI":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,5]],"date-time":"2011-04-05T01:38:29Z","timestamp":1301967509000},"page":"909-919","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":242,"title":["Pneumonia Due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"139","author":[{"given":"Shigeki","family":"Fujitani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsin-Yun","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victor L.","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeremy A.","family":"Weingarten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200408-1044SO","article-title":"Pathogen-host interactions in Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia","volume":"171","author":"Sadikot","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000354","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000354","article-title":"Assembly and development of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm matrix","volume":"5","author":"Ma","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02284421","article-title":"The question of the pathogenicity of Bacillus pyocyaneus [in German]","author":"Kossel","year":"1894","journal-title":"Z Hyg Infektionskr"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1897.02440310011001b","article-title":"The clinical symptoms, bacteriologic findings and postmortem appearances in cases of infection of human beings with Bacillus pyocyaneus","volume":"29","author":"Barker","year":"1897","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(47)90034-X","article-title":"Bacillus pyocyaneus infections; a review, report of cases and discussion of newer therapy including streptomycin","volume":"2","author":"Stanley","year":"1947","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib6","first-page":"369","article-title":"Investigations about the pathogenicity of the human Bacillus pyocyaneus [in German]","volume":"84","author":"Frankel","year":"1917","journal-title":"Z Hyg Infektionskr"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1849","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.162.16.1849","article-title":"Community-acquired pneumonia due to gram-negative bacteria and Pseudomonas aeruginosa: incidence, risk, and prognosis","volume":"162","author":"Arancibia","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197105132841904","article-title":"Empiric therapy with carbenicillin and gentamicin for febrile patients with cancer and granulocytopenia","volume":"284","author":"Schimpff","year":"1971","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(89)80611-4","article-title":"Antibiotic therapy for Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia: outcome correlations in a prospective study of 200 patients","volume":"87","author":"Hilf","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1086\/432803","article-title":"Overview of nosocomial infections caused by gram-negative bacilli","volume":"41","author":"Gaynes","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.7.885","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance among gram-negative bacilli in US intensive care units: implications for fluoroquinolone use","volume":"289","author":"Neuhauser","year":"2003","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib12","series-title":"Causes and Effects of Inadequate Empiric Therapy for Serious Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection","author":"Fujitani","year":"2004"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2115","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.122.6.2115","article-title":"Epidemiology and outcomes of ventilator-associated pneumonia in a large US database","volume":"122","author":"Rello","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.109.4.1019","article-title":"Ventilator-associated pneumonia due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa","volume":"109","author":"Crouch Brewer","year":"1996","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(93)90060-3","article-title":"Nosocomial pneumonia in ventilated patients: a cohort study evaluating attributable mortality and hospital stay","volume":"94","author":"Fagon","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/139.4.877","article-title":"Nosocomial pneumonia in patients receiving continuous mechanical ventilation. Prospective analysis of 52 episodes with use of a protected specimen brush and quantitative culture techniques","volume":"139","author":"Fagon","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1888","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000275389.31974.22","article-title":"Optimal management therapy for Pseudomonas aeruginosa ventilator-associated pneumonia: an observational, multicenter study comparing monotherapy with combination antibiotic therapy","volume":"35","author":"Garnacho-Montero","year":"2007","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.120.2.555","article-title":"The occurrence of ventilator-associated pneumonia in a community hospital: risk factors and clinical outcomes","volume":"120","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2001","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1655","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.108.6.1655","article-title":"The effect of late-onset ventilator-associated pneumonia in determining patient mortality","volume":"108","author":"Kollef","year":"1995","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1086\/339488","article-title":"Pseudomonas aeruginosa ventilator-associated pneumonia: comparison of episodes due to piperacillin-resistant versus piperacillin-susceptible organisms","volume":"34","author":"Trouillet","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R114","DOI":"10.1186\/cc5006","article-title":"Reappraisal of Pseudomonas aeruginosa hospital-acquired pneumonia mortality in the era of metallo-beta-lactamase-mediated multidrug resistance: a prospective observational study","volume":"10","author":"Zavascki","year":"2006","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2008.07.018","article-title":"Hospital economic impact of an outbreak of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections","volume":"71","author":"Bou","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Hosp Infect"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2006.06.014","article-title":"Nosocomial outbreak of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections related to a flexible bronchoscope","volume":"64","author":"Bou","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Hosp Infect"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2005.01.024","article-title":"Unusual implication of biopsy forceps in outbreaks of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections and pseudo-infections related to bronchoscopy","volume":"61","author":"Corne","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Hosp Infect"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa021791","article-title":"Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Serratia marcescens contamination associated with a manufacturing defect in bronchoscopes","volume":"348","author":"Kirschke","year":"2003","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa021808","article-title":"An outbreak of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections associated with flexible bronchoscopes","volume":"348","author":"Srinivasan","year":"2003","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1086\/502195","article-title":"Pseudo-outbreak of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Serratia marcescens related to bronchoscopes","volume":"24","author":"Silva","year":"2003","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1086\/501925","article-title":"Nosocomial transmission of imipenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa following bronchoscopy associated with improper connection to the Steris System 1 processor","volume":"22","author":"Sorin","year":"2001","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1053\/jhin.2000.0800","article-title":"An outbreak of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection associated with contamination of bronchoscopes and an endoscope washer-disinfector","volume":"46","author":"Schelenz","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Hosp Infect"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1086\/647569","article-title":"Nosocomial infections and pseudoinfections from contaminated bronchoscopes: two-year follow up using molecular markers","volume":"18","author":"Blanc","year":"1997","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.3109\/00365549409008632","article-title":"Pseudo-outbreak of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in HIV-infected patients undergoing fiberoptic bronchoscopy","volume":"26","author":"Kolmos","year":"1994","journal-title":"Scand J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/0195-6701(82)90032-9","article-title":"Pseudomonas aeruginosa contamination of fibreoptic bronchoscopes","volume":"3","author":"Sammartino","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Hosp Infect"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1016\/S0012-3692(15)37419-5","article-title":"Fiberoptic bronchoscope-related outbreak of infection with Pseudomonas","volume":"74","author":"Hussain","year":"1978","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-199009000-00004","article-title":"New and emerging etiologies for community-acquired pneumonia with implications for therapy. A prospective multicenter study of 359 cases","volume":"69","author":"Fang","year":"1990","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.46.7.508","article-title":"Aetiology of community acquired pneumonia in Valencia, Spain: a multicentre prospective study","volume":"46","author":"Blanquer","year":"1991","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1010","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.51.10.1010","article-title":"Community acquired pneumonia: aetiology and usefulness of severity criteria on admission","volume":"51","author":"Neill","year":"1996","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1996.03530260048030","article-title":"Prognosis and outcomes of patients with community-acquired pneumonia. A meta-analysis","volume":"275","author":"Fine","year":"1996","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1349","DOI":"10.1086\/317486","article-title":"Pseudomonas aeruginosa community-acquired pneumonia in previously healthy adults: case report and review of the literature","volume":"31","author":"Hatchette","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/144.2.312","article-title":"Severe community-acquired pneumonia. Epidemiology and prognostic factors","volume":"144","author":"Torres","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.160.2.9808045","article-title":"Etiology of community-acquired pneumonia: impact of age, comorbidity, and severity","volume":"160","author":"Ruiz","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1053\/jcrc.2000.16460","article-title":"The clinical features of severe community-acquired pneumonia presenting as septic shock","volume":"15","author":"Marik","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Crit Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.123.1.174","article-title":"Microbiological testing and outcome of patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia","volume":"123","author":"Rello","year":"2003","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.04.00119503","article-title":"Severe community-acquired pneumonia: assessment of microbial aetiology as mortality factor","volume":"24","author":"Paganin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.44.710","article-title":"Severe community-acquired pneumonia in an intensive care unit: risk factors for mortality","volume":"44","author":"Yoshimoto","year":"2005","journal-title":"Intern Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/11.4.586","article-title":"Community-acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalization: 5-year prospective study","volume":"11","author":"Marrie","year":"1989","journal-title":"Rev Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.07-1456","article-title":"A comparative study of community-acquired pneumonia patients admitted to the ward and the ICU","volume":"133","author":"Restrepo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2000-9862","article-title":"Legionella as a cause of severe pneumonia","volume":"21","author":"Vergis","year":"2000","journal-title":"Semin Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200405-644ST","article-title":"Guidelines for the management of adults with hospital-acquired, ventilator-associated, and healthcare-associated pneumonia","volume":"171","author":"American Thoracic Society; Infectious Disease Society of America","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3854","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.128.6.3854","article-title":"Epidemiology and outcomes of health-care-associated pneumonia: results from a large US database of culture-positive pneumonia","volume":"128","author":"Kollef","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3568","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00851-07","article-title":"Health care-associated pneumonia and community-acquired pneumonia: a single-center experience","volume":"51","author":"Micek","year":"2007","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00163407","article-title":"Adherence to guidelines' empirical antibiotic recommendations and community-acquired pneumonia outcome","volume":"32","author":"Dambrava","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1210","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.06.00139305","article-title":"Implications of COPD in patients admitted to the intensive care unit by community-acquired pneumonia","volume":"27","author":"Rello","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00091809","article-title":"Community-acquired pneumonia through Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa: diagnosis, incidence and predictors","volume":"35","author":"von Baum","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"suppl 2","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S27","DOI":"10.1086\/511159","article-title":"Infectious Diseases Society of America\/American Thoracic Society consensus guidelines on the management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults","volume":"44","author":"Mandell","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199509283331305","article-title":"Bacterial pneumonia in persons infected with the human immunodeficiency virus","volume":"333","author":"Hirschtick","year":"1995","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.49.4.367","article-title":"Community acquired lobar pneumonia in patients with HIV infection and AIDS","volume":"49","author":"Miller","year":"1994","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.1086\/513944","article-title":"Pyogenic bacterial pneumonia in human immunodeficiency virus-infected inpatients: a clinical, radiological, microbiological, and epidemiological study","volume":"26","author":"Baril","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.117.4.1017","article-title":"Bacterial pneumonia in hospitalized patients with HIV infection: the Pulmonary Complications, ICU Support, and Prognostic Factors of Hospitalized Patients with HIV (PIP) Study","volume":"117","author":"Afessa","year":"2000","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1086\/322040","article-title":"The etiology of community-acquired pneumonia at an urban public hospital: influence of human immunodeficiency virus infection and initial severity of illness","volume":"184","author":"Park","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.01.17406360","article-title":"Nosocomial bacterial pneumonia in human immunodeficiency virus infected subjects: incidence, risk factors and outcome","volume":"17","author":"Tumbarello","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1097\/00042560-199805010-00006","article-title":"Bacterial pneumonia in HIV-infected patients: analysis of risk factors and prognostic indicators","volume":"18","author":"Tumbarello","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1437","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199410000-00010","article-title":"Community-acquired Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia in patients with HIV infection","volume":"8","author":"Schuster","year":"1994","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1086\/321901","article-title":"Prophylaxis with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients: impact on risk for infectious diseases","volume":"33","author":"Dworkin","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199803263381301","article-title":"Declining morbidity and mortality among patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection","volume":"338","author":"Palella","year":"1998","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"9377","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)13802-0","article-title":"Decline in the AIDS and death rates in the EuroSIDA study: an observational study","volume":"362","author":"Mocroft","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1418","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199907300-00025","article-title":"The impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy on HIV-related hospitalizations in 17 county hospitals in Catalonia, Spain","volume":"13","author":"Alt\u00e9s","year":"1999","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199902250-00015","article-title":"The impact of potent antiretroviral therapy on the characteristics of hospitalized patients with HIV infection","volume":"13","author":"Paul","year":"1999","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1888","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.120.6.1888","article-title":"Pulmonary manifestations of HIV infection in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy","volume":"120","author":"Wolff","year":"2001","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1097\/00042560-200105010-00006","article-title":"Pulmonary infiltrates in HIV-infected patients in the highly active antiretroviral therapy era in Spain","volume":"27","author":"Benito","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1097\/00126334-200311010-00012","article-title":"Gender and hospitalization patterns among HIV-infected drug users before and after the availability of highly active antiretroviral therapy","volume":"34","author":"Floris-Moore","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.20045","article-title":"Pneumonia in HIV-infected patients in the HAART era: incidence, risk, and impact of the pneumococcal vaccination","volume":"72","author":"L\u00f3pez-Palomo","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-007-7162-0","article-title":"Bacterial community acquired pneumonia in HIV-infected inpatients in the highly active antiretroviral therapy era","volume":"36","author":"Madeddu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Infection"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-006-5007-x","article-title":"Nosocomial bacterial pneumonia in HIV-infected patients: risk factors for adverse outcome and implications for rational empiric antibiotic therapy","volume":"34","author":"Franzetti","year":"2006","journal-title":"Infection"},{"issue":"938","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1093\/postgradmedj\/79.938.691","article-title":"Pneumonia due to antibiotic resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the HAART era","volume":"79","author":"Allen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Postgrad Med J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2008.01.004","article-title":"Utility of Gram stain in the clinical management of suspected ventilator-associated pneumonia. Secondary analysis of a multicenter randomized trial","volume":"23","author":"Albert","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Crit Care"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib76","series-title":"Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Infections and Treatment","first-page":"159","article-title":"Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia and other respiratory tract infections","author":"Pennington","year":"1994"},{"issue":"5 Pt 1","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/143.5_Pt_1.1121","article-title":"Diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia by bacteriologic analysis of bronchoscopic and nonbronchoscopic \u201cblind\u201d bronchoalveolar lavage fluid","volume":"143","author":"Pugin","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"issue":"4 suppl 2","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198S","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.117.4_suppl_2.198S","article-title":"Bronchoscopic BAL in the diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia","volume":"117","author":"Torres","year":"2000","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib79","first-page":"1353","article-title":"Mathieu D, et al. Diagnostic tests for pneumonia in ventilated patients: prospective evaluation of diagnostic accuracy using histology as a diagnostic gold standard","volume":"151","author":"Marquette","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"4 Pt 1","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.157.4.9708057","article-title":"Nosocomial pneumonia in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome","volume":"157","author":"Chastre","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200709-1413OC","article-title":"Pseudomonas aeruginosa in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"177","author":"Murphy","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1954","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02187-06","article-title":"Loss of bacterial diversity during antibiotic treatment of intubated patients colonized with Pseudomonas aeruginosa","volume":"45","author":"Flanagan","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2355","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0800353","article-title":"Infection in the pathogenesis and course of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"359","author":"Sethi","year":"2008","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1526","DOI":"10.1086\/593186","article-title":"Chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"47","author":"Mart\u00ednez-Solano","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200802-239OC","article-title":"Persistent infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in ventilator-associated pneumonia","volume":"178","author":"El Solh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"3 pt 1","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.157.3.9703014","article-title":"Recurrent Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia in ventilated patients: relapse or reinfection?","volume":"157","author":"Rello","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-006-0193-0","article-title":"Ertapenem versus cefepime for initial empirical treatment of pneumonia acquired in skilled-care facilities or in hospitals outside the intensive care unit","volume":"25","author":"Yakovlev","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2 pt 1","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.162.2.9909095","article-title":"Short-course empiric antibiotic therapy for patients with pulmonary infiltrates in the intensive care unit. A proposed solution for indiscriminate antibiotic prescription","volume":"162","author":"Singh","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2495","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e318183f3f8","article-title":"Increased mortality of ventilated patients with endotracheal Pseudomonas aeruginosa without clinical signs of infection","volume":"36","author":"Zhuo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib90","first-page":"1353","article-title":"Stable patients receiving prolonged mechanical ventilation have a high alveolar burden of bacteria","volume":"127","author":"Baram","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-003-2125-0","article-title":"Value of the clinical pulmonary infection score for the identification and management of ventilator-associated pneumonia","volume":"30","author":"Luyt","year":"2004","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1177\/0885066605283094","article-title":"Diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia: focus on nonbronchoscopic techniques (nonbronchoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage, including mini-BAL, blinded protected specimen brush, and blinded bronchial sampling) and endotracheal aspirates","volume":"21","author":"Fujitani","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-133-12-200012190-00021","article-title":"Management of suspected ventilator-associated pneumonia","volume":"133","author":"Fagon","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/23.3.538","article-title":"Mortality due to ventilator-associated pneumonia or colonization with Pseudomonas or Acinetobacter species: assessment by quantitative culture of samples obtained by a protected specimen brush","volume":"23","author":"Fagon","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.127.2.589","article-title":"Early antibiotic treatment for BAL-confirmed ventilator-associated pneumonia: a role for routine endotracheal aspirate cultures","volume":"127","author":"Michel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2619","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa052904","article-title":"A randomized trial of diagnostic techniques for ventilator-associated pneumonia","volume":"355","author":"Canadian Critical Care Trials Group","year":"2006","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-68-2-295","article-title":"Characteristics of nonbacteremic Pseudomonas pneumonia","volume":"68","author":"Tillotson","year":"1968","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1148\/105.3.555","article-title":"Pseudomonas pneumonia: a prototype of hospital-based infection","volume":"105","author":"Renner","year":"1972","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1097\/00005382-200201000-00007","article-title":"Spectrum of CT findings in nosocomial Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia","volume":"17","author":"Shah","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Thorac Imaging"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.195.1.7892480","article-title":"Ventilator-associated Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia: radiographic findings","volume":"195","author":"Winer-Muram","year":"1995","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib101","first-page":"416","article-title":"Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia in adults","volume":"107","author":"Rose","year":"1973","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1974.03240040028026","article-title":"Bacteremic Pseudomonas pneumonia","volume":"230","author":"Iannini","year":"1974","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1212","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.160.4.9809031","article-title":"Characteristics of polyclonal endemicity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonization in intensive care units. Implications for infection control","volume":"160","author":"Bonten","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.27.1.35-40.1989","article-title":"Oropharyngeal and fecal carriage of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in hospital patients","volume":"27","author":"Murthy","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib105","series-title":"Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Infections and Treatment","first-page":"421","article-title":"Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonization and infection of the gastrointestinal tract","author":"Lepow","year":"1994"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198102123040730","article-title":"Occasional notes. Please don't eat the salads","volume":"304","author":"Remington","year":"1981","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"7608","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(69)92114-X","article-title":"Food and medicaments as possible sources of hospital strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa","volume":"1","author":"Shooter","year":"1969","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"35","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5684","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2008.16.4681","article-title":"Randomized comparison of cooked and noncooked diets in patients undergoing remission induction therapy for acute myeloid leukemia","volume":"26","author":"Gardner","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/150.6.808","article-title":"Epidemiology of endemic Pseudomonas aeruginosa: why infection control efforts have failed","volume":"150","author":"Olson","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1007\/s001340100979","article-title":"Endemicity, molecular diversity and colonisation routes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in intensive care units","volume":"27","author":"Bertrand","year":"2001","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.1086\/605408","article-title":"The role of patient-to-patient transmission in the acquisition of imipenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonization in the intensive care unit","volume":"200","author":"Johnson","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/168.4.943","article-title":"Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a neonatal intensive care unit: reservoirs and ecology of the nosocomial pathogen","volume":"168","author":"Grundmann","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/167.5.1216","article-title":"Ribotyping of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from surgical intensive care patients","volume":"167","author":"Gruner","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-6701(98)90243-2","article-title":"Multi-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa outbreak associated with contaminated tap water in a neurosurgery intensive care unit","volume":"39","author":"Bert","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Hosp Infect"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200009073431004","article-title":"Endemic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in a neonatal intensive care unit","volume":"343","author":"Foca","year":"2000","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1007\/s001340100870","article-title":"Prospective study of nosocomial colonization and infection due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa in mechanically ventilated patients","volume":"27","author":"Berthelot","year":"2001","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1086\/501828","article-title":"Tap water colonization with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a surgical intensive care unit (ICU) and relation to Pseudomonas infections of ICU patients","volume":"22","author":"Trautmann","year":"2001","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2222","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-200210000-00008","article-title":"Analysis of transmission pathways of Pseudomonas aeruginosa between patients and tap water outlets","volume":"30","author":"Reuter","year":"2002","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1964","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-004-2389-z","article-title":"Faucets as a reservoir of endemic Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonization\/infections in intensive care units","volume":"30","author":"Blanc","year":"2004","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1768","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-004-2382-6","article-title":"Patterns of colonization by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in intubated patients: a 3-year prospective study of 1,607 isolates using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis with implications for prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia","volume":"30","author":"Vall\u00e9s","year":"2004","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1086\/502348","article-title":"An outbreak of Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia and bloodstream infection associated with intermittent otitis externa in a healthcare worker","volume":"25","author":"Zawacki","year":"2004","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib122","unstructured":"Lin YE, Li CH, Impact of presence of waterborne pathogens in hospital water distribution system on the occurrence of respiratory and blood stream infections in intensive care units. Proceedings from the 2006 American Society for Microbiology Annual Conference, May 21-25, 2006; Orlando, FL"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1086\/506409","article-title":"Exogenous sources of pseudomonas aeruginosa in intensive care unit patients: implementation of infection control measures and follow-up with molecular typing","volume":"27","author":"Petignat","year":"2006","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2006.04.001","article-title":"Common RAPD pattern of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from patients and tap water in a medical intensive care unit","volume":"209","author":"Trautmann","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Hyg Environ Health"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib125","first-page":"983","article-title":"Resolution of a Pseudomonas aeruginosa outbreak in a hematology unit with the use of disposable sterile water filters","volume":"91","author":"Vianelli","year":"2006","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-007-0671-6","article-title":"Pseudomonas aeruginosa carriage, colonization, and infection in ICU patients","volume":"33","author":"Agodi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2006.08.009","article-title":"Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas putida outbreak associated with contaminated water outlets in an oncohaematology paediatric unit","volume":"65","author":"Aumeran","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Hosp Infect"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2007.06.019","article-title":"Contribution of tap water to patient colonisation with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a medical intensive care unit","volume":"67","author":"Rogues","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Hosp Infect"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2007.09.012","article-title":"Point-of-use water filtration reduces endemic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections on a surgical intensive care unit","volume":"36","author":"Trautmann","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Infect Control"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-7-117","article-title":"Quantity of ethanol absorption after excessive hand disinfection using three commercially available hand rubs is minimal and below toxic levels for humans","volume":"7","author":"Kramer","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1086\/592700","article-title":"Outbreak of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonization and infection secondary to imperfect intensive care unit room design","volume":"30","author":"Hota","year":"2009","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1485","DOI":"10.1086\/587180","article-title":"Hospital tap water as a source of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infection","volume":"46","author":"Cervia","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1483","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.162.13.1483","article-title":"The hospital water supply as a source of nosocomial infections: a plea for action","volume":"162","author":"Anaissie","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"2 Pt 1","key":"10.1378\/chest.10-0166_bib134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1177\/000348949009900207","article-title":"Aural irrigation with water: a potential pathogenic mechanism for inducing malignant external otitis?","volume":"99","author":"Rubin","year":"1990","journal-title":"Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol"}],"container-title":["Chest"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0012369211601943?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0012369211601943?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]],"date-time":"2025-09-15T06:23:16Z","timestamp":1757917396000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0012369211601943"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,4]]},"references-count":134,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0012369211601943"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1378\/chest.10-0166","relation":{},"ISSN":["0012-3692"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0012-3692","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Pneumonia Due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Chest","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1378\/chest.10-0166","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2011 The American College of Chest Physicians. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}