{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T02:29:15Z","timestamp":1761964155814},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1994,11,1]],"date-time":"1994-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":783648000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Chest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,11]]},"DOI":"10.1378\/chest.106.5.1471","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,7]],"date-time":"2007-11-07T18:28:23Z","timestamp":1194460103000},"page":"1471-1475","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Clinical Features of HIV-Seropositive and HIV-Seronegative Patients With Tuberculous Pleural Effusion in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"106","author":[{"given":"Clemens","family":"Richter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roos","family":"Perenboom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isaac","family":"Mtoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Kitinya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hassani","family":"Chande","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew B.M.","family":"Swai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ramadhani R.","family":"Kazema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Linus M.","family":"Chuwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1378\/chest.106.5.1471_bib1","first-page":"149","article-title":"Tuberculosis: a global overview of the situation today.","volume":"70","author":"Sudre","year":"1992","journal-title":"WHO Bull OMS"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.106.5.1471_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/0962-8479(92)90033-G","article-title":"HIV-associated tuberculosis in developing countries: epidemiology and strategies for prevention.","volume":"73","author":"Narain","year":"1992","journal-title":"Tuber Lung Dis"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.106.5.1471_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.100.1.191","article-title":"The impact of human immunodeficiency virus infection on tuberculosis and its control.","volume":"100","author":"FitzGerald","year":"1991","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.106.5.1471_bib4","first-page":"375","article-title":"Extrapulmonary tuberculosis\u2014a simple diagnosis? a retrospective study at Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.","volume":"43","author":"Richter","year":"1991","journal-title":"Trop Geogr Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.106.5.1471_bib5","first-page":"236","article-title":"Tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus infection: recommendations of the Advisory Committee for the Elimination of Tuberculosis.","volume":"34","author":"Centers for Disease","year":"1989","journal-title":"MMWR"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.106.5.1471_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.91.1.106","article-title":"Tuberculous pleural effusions.","volume":"91","author":"Epstein","year":"1987","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.106.5.1471_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(90)90374-M","article-title":"Pleuritis as a manifestation of reactivation tuberculosis.","volume":"89","author":"Antoniskis","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.106.5.1471_bib8","series-title":"Trop Geogr Med","article-title":"Diagnosis of tuberculosis in patients with pleural effusion in an area of HIV-infection and limited diagnostic facilities.","author":"Richter","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.106.5.1471_bib9","series-title":"Fifth International Conference on AIDS in Africa, Kinshasa, Zaire; October 10\u201312, 1990 (abstract FPB 41)","article-title":"HIV-infection and its influence on outcome among adult patients with malaria, meningitis, pneumonia, pyomyositis or tuberculosis in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.","author":"Pallangyo","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.106.5.1471_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/0962-8479(92)90079-Y","article-title":"Cross-sectional survey of HIV infection among patients with tuberculosis in Nairobi, Kenya.","volume":"73","author":"Nunn","year":"1992","journal-title":"Tuber Lung Dis"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.106.5.1471_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1082","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/139.5.1082","article-title":"HIV infection in patients with tuberculosis in Kinshasa, Zaire.","volume":"139","author":"Colebunders","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.106.5.1471_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.301.6749.412","article-title":"Impact of HIV on tuberculosis in Zambia: a cross sectional study.","volume":"301","author":"Elliot","year":"1990","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.106.5.1471_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-198812000-00003","article-title":"Characteristics of tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients: a case-control study.","volume":"2","author":"Soriano","year":"1988","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.106.5.1471_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.91.2.176","article-title":"Tuberculosis and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome at a New York City hospital: 1978\u20131985.","volume":"91","author":"Handwerger","year":"1987","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.106.5.1471_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199010000-00006","article-title":"Extrapulmonary and disseminated tuberculosis in HIV-1-seropositive patients presenting to the acute medical services in Nairobi.","volume":"4","author":"Gilks","year":"1990","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.106.5.1471_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1504","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(92)92758-8","article-title":"Fine-needle extrathoracic lymph node aspiration in HIV-associated sputum-negative tuberculosis.","volume":"340","author":"Pithie","year":"1992","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.106.5.1471_bib17","series-title":"Eighth International Conference on AIDS, Amsterdam, the Netherlands: July 19\u201324, 1992 (abstract PoB 3751)","article-title":"The pathology of adult HIV infection in Abidjan, Cote D\u2019Ivoire.","author":"Lucas","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.106.5.1471_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/0962-8479(92)90134-6","article-title":"Tuberculosis and HIV infection association in a rural district of northern Uganda: epidemiological and clinical considerations.","volume":"73","author":"Migliori","year":"1992","journal-title":"Tuber Lung Dis"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.106.5.1471_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1012684","article-title":"Pleural fluid analysis: narrowing the differential diagnosis.","volume":"9","author":"Sahn","year":"1987","journal-title":"Semin Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.106.5.1471_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.99.5.1097","article-title":"Cholesterol: a useful parameter for distinguishing between pleural exsudates and transsudates.","volume":"99","author":"Valdes","year":"1991","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.106.5.1471_bib21","first-page":"58","article-title":"Protein electrophoresis in tuberculosis.","volume":"41","author":"Azis","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Pak Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.106.5.1471_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.99.4.883","article-title":"Tuberculous pleural effusion: twenty-year experience.","volume":"99","author":"Seibert","year":"1991","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.106.5.1471_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/163.2.240","article-title":"The evolution of lymphadenopathy and hypergammaglobulinaemia are evidence for early and sustained polyclonal B lymphocyte activation during human immunodeficiency virus infection.","volume":"163","author":"Jacobson","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.106.5.1471_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/167.1.43","article-title":"Influence of tuberculosis on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1): enhanced cytokine expression and elevated \u03b22-microglobulin in HIV-1-associated tuberculosis.","volume":"167","author":"Wallis","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.106.5.1471_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1205","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-7125(16)30188-2","article-title":"The history of tuberculosis as a global epidemic.","volume":"77","author":"Bates","year":"1993","journal-title":"Med Clin North Am"}],"container-title":["Chest"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0012369215443442?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0012369215443442?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,3]],"date-time":"2019-01-03T06:28:10Z","timestamp":1546496890000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0012369215443442"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1994,11]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0012369215443442"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1378\/chest.106.5.1471","relation":{},"ISSN":["0012-3692"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0012-3692","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1994,11]]}}}