{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T01:04:26Z","timestamp":1790384666247,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,1]],"date-time":"2012-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1341100800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,1]],"date-time":"2012-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1341100800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","journal.chestnet.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]},"DOI":"10.1378\/chest.11-2013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,13]],"date-time":"2012-01-13T00:06:30Z","timestamp":1326413190000},"page":"94-100","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Upper Airway Lymphoid Tissue Size in Children With Sickle Cell Disease"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"142","author":[{"given":"Temima","family":"Strauss","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanghun","family":"Sin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carole L.","family":"Marcus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thornton B.A.","family":"Mason","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph M.","family":"McDonough","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julian L.","family":"Allen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason B.","family":"Caboot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheryl Y.","family":"Bowdre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abbas F.","family":"Jawad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kim","family":"Smith-Whitley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kwaku","family":"Ohene-Frempong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allan I.","family":"Pack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raanan","family":"Arens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"8657","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2013_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(89)90477-7","article-title":"Upper airways obstruction and cerebrovascular accident in children with sickle cell anaemia","volume":"2","author":"Davies","year":"1989","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"9269","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2013_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1656","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)04821-2","article-title":"Nocturnal hypoxaemia and central-nervous-system events in sickle-cell disease","volume":"357","author":"Kirkham","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"9394","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2013_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1450","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)14689-2","article-title":"Hypoxaemia in sickle cell disease: biomarker modulation and relevance to pathophysiology","volume":"362","author":"Setty","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2013_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1097\/00043426-199605000-00007","article-title":"Does sleep-disordered breathing contribute to the clinical severity of sickle cell anemia?","volume":"18","author":"Brooks","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Pediatr Hematol Oncol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2013_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1097\/MPH.0b013e31817eb7ef","article-title":"Severity of obstructive sleep apnea in children with sickle cell disease","volume":"30","author":"Kaleyias","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Pediatr Hematol Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2013_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1177\/000348948909800302","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in sickle cell disease","volume":"98","author":"Maddern","year":"1989","journal-title":"Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2013_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.27880","article-title":"Polysomnographic characteristics of a referred sample of children with sickle cell disease","volume":"6","author":"Rogers","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Sleep Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2013_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.1590\/S1806-37132009001100004","article-title":"Prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea in children and adolescents with sickle cell anemia","volume":"35","author":"Salles","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Bras Pneumol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2013_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.67.7.925","article-title":"Sleep related upper airway obstruction and hypoxaemia in sickle cell disease","volume":"67","author":"Samuels","year":"1992","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2013_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.21054","article-title":"Low daytime pulse oximetry reading is associated with nocturnal desaturation and obstructive sleep apnea in children with sickle cell anemia","volume":"50","author":"Spivey","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2013_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1513\/pats.200708-135MG","article-title":"Epidemiology of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"5","author":"Lumeng","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc Am Thorac Soc"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2013_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2016","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.164.11.2104101","article-title":"Pulmonary complications of sickle cell anemia. A need for increased recognition, treatment, and research","volume":"164","author":"Minter","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2013_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1855","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200006223422502","article-title":"Causes and outcomes of the acute chest syndrome in sickle cell disease","volume":"342","author":"Vichinsky","year":"2000","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2013_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"866","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.153.2.8564147","article-title":"Standards and indications for cardiopulmonary sleep studies in children","volume":"153","author":"American Thoracic Society","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2013_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e69","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.109.4.e69","article-title":"Technical report: diagnosis and management of childhood obstructive sleep apnea syndrome","volume":"109","author":"Schechter","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2013_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2009-06-227447","article-title":"Left ventricular hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction in children with sickle cell disease are related to asleep and waking oxygen desaturation","volume":"116","author":"Johnson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2013_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-007-9018-x","article-title":"Pulmonary hypertension in children and adolescents with sickle cell disease","volume":"29","author":"Onyekwere","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatr Cardiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2013_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-0496(199912)28:6<423::AID-PPUL7>3.0.CO;2-C","article-title":"Measurement of hemoglobin saturation by oxygen in children and adolescents with sickle cell disease","volume":"28","author":"Needleman","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2013_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.109.4.704","article-title":"Clinical practice guideline: diagnosis and management of childhood obstructive sleep apnea syndrome","volume":"109","author":"Section on Pediatric Pulmonology, Subcommittee on Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2013_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/27.5.997","article-title":"Pathophysiology of upper airway obstruction: a developmental perspective","volume":"27","author":"Arens","year":"2004","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2013_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.164.4.2101127","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging of the upper airway structure of children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome","volume":"164","author":"Arens","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2013_bib22","series-title":"The AASM Manual for the Scoring of Sleep and Associated Events: Rules, Terminology and Technical Specifications","author":"Iber","year":"2007"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2013_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.20236","article-title":"Polysomnographic values in children 2\u20139 years old: additional data and review of the literature","volume":"40","author":"Traeger","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2013_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.125.3.872","article-title":"Normal polysomnographic respiratory values in children and adolescents","volume":"125","author":"Uliel","year":"2004","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2013_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1540","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.168.12.954","article-title":"Obstructive hypopneas in children and adolescents: normal values","volume":"168","author":"Witmans","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2013_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(84)80348-0","article-title":"A diagnostic approach to suspected obstructive sleep apnea in children","volume":"105","author":"Brouilette","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"5 pt 1","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2013_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1203\/pdr.0b013e318045bdca","article-title":"Effects of delayed pubertal development, nutritional status, and disease severity on longitudinal patterns of growth failure in children with sickle cell disease","volume":"61","author":"Zemel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2013_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198407053110102","article-title":"Influence of sickle hemoglobinopathies on growth and development","volume":"311","author":"Platt","year":"1984","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2013_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201008-1249OC","article-title":"Upper airway structure and body fat composition in obese children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome","volume":"183","author":"Arens","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2013_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2004.07.007","article-title":"Extramedullary hematopoiesis of the paranasal sinuses in sickle cell disease","volume":"132","author":"Collins","year":"2005","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2013_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.5665\/SLEEP.1046","article-title":"Upper airway genioglossal activity in children with sickle cell disease","volume":"34","author":"Huang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2013_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2008.07097.x","article-title":"Advances in clinical research in sickle cell disease","volume":"141","author":"Hagar","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2013_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2009.08013.x","article-title":"Increased levels of the inflammatory biomarker C-reactive protein at baseline are associated with childhood sickle cell vasocclusive crises","volume":"148","author":"Krishnan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2013_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e7956","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0007956","article-title":"Angiogenic and inflammatory markers of cardiopulmonary changes in children and adolescents with sickle cell disease","volume":"4","author":"Niu","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2013_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200408-1064OC","article-title":"Leukotriene modifier therapy for mild sleep-disordered breathing in children","volume":"172","author":"Goldbart","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2013_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/25.1.59","article-title":"Circulating vascular endothelial growth factor levels in patients with obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"25","author":"Gozal","year":"2002","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2013_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2007.04.013","article-title":"Systemic inflammation in non-obese children with obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"9","author":"Gozal","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2013_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1053\/smrv.2002.0261","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome\u2014an oxidative stress disorder","volume":"7","author":"Lavie","year":"2003","journal-title":"Sleep Med Rev"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2013_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e564","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.113.6.e564","article-title":"Plasma C-reactive protein levels among children with sleep-disordered breathing","volume":"113","author":"Tauman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatrics"}],"container-title":["Chest"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0012369212603936?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0012369212603936?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]],"date-time":"2025-09-15T06:32:05Z","timestamp":1757917925000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0012369212603936"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S0012369212603936"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1378\/chest.11-2013","relation":{},"ISSN":["0012-3692"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0012-3692","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Upper Airway Lymphoid Tissue Size in Children With Sickle Cell Disease","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Chest","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1378\/chest.11-2013","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2012 The American College of Chest Physicians. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}