{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T20:51:10Z","timestamp":1792011070176,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":210,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,1]],"date-time":"2012-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1328054400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,1]],"date-time":"2012-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1328054400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100002491","name":"Bristol-Myers Squibb","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100002491","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004319","name":"Pfizer","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004319","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000222","name":"Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000222","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","journal.chestnet.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,2]]},"DOI":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,7]],"date-time":"2012-02-07T02:39:00Z","timestamp":1328582340000},"page":"e120S-e151S","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":195,"special_numbering":"S","title":["New Antithrombotic Drugs"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"141","author":[{"given":"Jeffrey I.","family":"Weitz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John W.","family":"Eikelboom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meyer Michel","family":"Samama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib1","series-title":"Hemostasis and Thrombosis: Basic Principles and Clinical Practice","first-page":"1123","article-title":"The structure of thrombi","author":"Freiman","year":"1987"},{"issue":"9678","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1849","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60503-1","article-title":"Aspirin in the primary and secondary prevention of vascular disease: collaborative meta-analysis of individual participant data from randomised trials","volume":"373","author":"Baigent","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1909","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.623","article-title":"Aspirin for the prevention of cardiovascular events in patients with peripheral artery disease: a meta-analysis of randomized trials","volume":"301","author":"Berger","year":"2009","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"205","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib4","first-page":"56802","article-title":"Internal analgesic, antipyretic, and antirheumatic drug products for over-the-counter human use; final rule for professional labeling of aspirin, buffered aspirin, and aspirin in combination with antacid drug products","volume":"63","author":"Food and Drug Administration","year":"1998","journal-title":"Fed Regist"},{"issue":"9038","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1329","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)09457-3","article-title":"A randomised, blinded, trial of clopidogrel versus aspirin in patients at risk of ischaemic events (CAPRIE)","volume":"348","author":"CAPRIE Steering Committee","year":"1996","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa010746","article-title":"Effects of clopidogrel in addition to aspirin in patients with acute coronary syndromes without ST-segment elevation","volume":"345","author":"Yusuf","year":"2001","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"9497","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1607","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67660-X","article-title":"Addition of clopidogrel to aspirin in 45,852 patients with acute myocardial infarction: randomised placebo-controlled trial","volume":"366","author":"Chen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa050522","article-title":"Addition of clopidogrel to aspirin and fibrinolytic therapy for myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation","volume":"352","author":"Sabatine","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"9748","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)61088-4","article-title":"Double-dose versus standard-dose clopidogrel and high-dose versus low-dose aspirin in individuals undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention for acute coronary syndromes (CURRENT-OASIS): a randomised factorial trial","volume":"376","author":"Mehta","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1706","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa060989","article-title":"Clopidogrel and aspirin versus aspirin alone for the prevention of atherothrombotic events","volume":"354","author":"Bhatt","year":"2006","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"9431","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16721-4","article-title":"Aspirin and clopidogrel compared with clopidogrel alone after recent ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack in high-risk patients (MATCH): randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"364","author":"Diener","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1358","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.107.496281","article-title":"Aspirin plus dipyridamole versus aspirin for prevention of vascular events after stroke or TIA: a meta-analysis","volume":"39","author":"Verro","year":"2008","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0805002","article-title":"Aspirin and extended-release dipyridamole versus clopidogrel for recurrent stroke","volume":"359","author":"Sacco","year":"2008","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"9510","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68040-9","article-title":"Aspirin resistance","volume":"367","author":"Hankey","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1630","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2010.07.004","article-title":"Clopidogrel loading dose adjustment according to platelet reactivity monitoring in patients carrying the 2C19*2 loss of function polymorphism","volume":"56","author":"Armero","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"3 suppl.1","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"I10","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.20361","article-title":"Assessing the current role of platelet function testing","volume":"31","author":"Braunwald","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Cardiol"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1821","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.1543","article-title":"Reduced-function CYP2C19 genotype and risk of adverse clinical outcomes among patients treated with clopidogrel predominantly for PCI: a meta-analysis","volume":"304","author":"Mega","year":"2010","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1943","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehp295","article-title":"Personalized medicine and antiplatelet therapy: ready for prime time?","volume":"30","author":"Verstuyft","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2010.03.029","article-title":"The case for routine genotyping in dual-antiplatelet therapy","volume":"56","author":"Damani","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1523","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.853119","article-title":"New anticoagulants","volume":"121","author":"Eikelboom","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kunadian V, Gibson CM. Thrombolytics and myocardial infarction [published online ahead of print November 11, 2010]. Cardiovasc Ther. doi:10.1111\/j.1755-5922.2010.00239.x","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-5922.2010.00239.x"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1517\/14712590902991497","article-title":"Desmoteplase","volume":"9","author":"Paciaroni","year":"2009","journal-title":"Expert Opin Biol Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2009.03701.x","article-title":"Direct fibrinolytic agents: biochemical attributes, preclinical foundation and clinical potential","volume":"8","author":"Marder","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1160\/TH10-03-0195","article-title":"Prostanoid and TP-receptors in atherothrombosis: is there a role for their antagonism?","volume":"104","author":"Giannarelli","year":"2010","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1650","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000013777.21160.07","article-title":"Aspirin-resistant thromboxane biosynthesis and the risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, or cardiovascular death in patients at high risk for cardiovascular events","volume":"105","author":"Eikelboom","year":"2002","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1705","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.768283","article-title":"Incomplete inhibition of thromboxane biosynthesis by acetylsalicylic acid: determinants and effect on cardiovascular risk","volume":"118","author":"Eikelboom","year":"2008","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib27","first-page":"1324","article-title":"S-18886 Servier","volume":"3","author":"Kakkos","year":"2002","journal-title":"Curr Opin Investig Drugs"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1437","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2005.01468.x","article-title":"The specific thromboxane receptor antagonist S18886: pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies","volume":"3","author":"Gaussem","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1198","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(03)00048-2","article-title":"Improved endothelial function by the thromboxane A2 receptor antagonist S 18886 in patients with coronary artery disease treated with aspirin","volume":"41","author":"Belhassen","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2369","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2010.04020.x","article-title":"Thromboxane antagonism with terutroban in peripheral arterial disease. The TAIPAD study","volume":"8","author":"Fiessinger","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1159\/000212671","volume":"27","author":"Bousser","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1159\/000216835","article-title":"The Prevention of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular Events of ischemic origin with teRutroban in patients with a history oF ischemic strOke or tRansient ischeMic attack (PERFORM) study: baseline characteristics of the population","volume":"27","author":"Bousser","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"issue":"9782","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2013","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60600-4","article-title":"Terutroban versus aspirin in patients with cerebral ischaemic events (PERFORM): a randomised, double-blind, parallel-group trial","volume":"377","author":"Bousser","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1994.tb13033.x","article-title":"Binding kinetics and antiplatelet activities of picotamide, a thromboxane A2 receptor antagonist","volume":"112","author":"Modesti","year":"1994","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1563","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.87.5.1563","article-title":"The ADEP Group. Effect of picotamide on the clinical progression of peripheral vascular disease. A double-blind placebo-controlled study","volume":"87","author":"Balsano","year":"1993","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2125.1996.00503.x","article-title":"Effects of picotamide, an antiplatelet agent, on cardiovascular, events in 438 claudicant patients with diabetes: a retrospective analysis of the ADEP study","volume":"42","author":"Milani","year":"1996","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1845","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ehj.2004.07.013","article-title":"Drug Evaluation in Atherosclerotic Vascular Disease in Diabetics (DAVID) Study Group. Picotamide, a combined inhibitor of thromboxane A2 synthase and receptor, reduces 2-year mortality in diabetics with peripheral arterial disease: the DAVID study","volume":"25","author":"Neri Serneri","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.1G120","article-title":"Cangrelor for treatment of coronary thrombosis","volume":"40","author":"Fugate","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Pharmacother"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2005.11.014","article-title":"Initial experience with an intravenous P2Y12 platelet receptor antagonist in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: results from a 2-part, phase 2, multicenter, randomized, placebo- and active-controlled trial","volume":"151","author":"Greenbaurm","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2318","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0908628","article-title":"Platelet inhibition with cangrelor in patients undergoing PCI","volume":"361","author":"Harrington","year":"2009","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2330","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0908629","article-title":"Intravenous platelet blockade with cangrelor during PCI","volume":"361","author":"Bhatt","year":"2009","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1517\/13543784.16.2.225","article-title":"AZD6140","volume":"16","author":"Tantry","year":"2007","journal-title":"Expert Opin Investig Drugs"},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2577","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.912550","article-title":"Randomized double-blind assessment of the ONSET and OFFSET of the antiplatelet effects of ticagrelor versus clopidogrel in patients with stable coronary artery disease: the ONSET\/OFFSET study","volume":"120","author":"Gurbel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehi754","article-title":"Pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and safety of the oral reversible P2Y12 antagonist AZD6140 with aspirin in patients with atherosclerosis: a double-blind comparison to clopidogrel with aspirin","volume":"27","author":"Husted","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1844","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2007.07.053","volume":"50","author":"Cannon","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0904327","article-title":"Ticagrelor versus clopidogrel in patients with acute coronary syndromes","volume":"361","author":"Wallentin","year":"2009","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2131","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.927582","article-title":"Ticagrelor versus clopidogrel in patients with ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes intended for reperfusion with primary percutaneous coronary intervention: A Platelet Inhibition and Patient Outcomes (PLATO) trial subgroup analysis","volume":"122","author":"Steg","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2010.10.029","article-title":"Ticagrelor versus clopidogrel in patients with acute coronary syndromes undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery: results from the PLATO (Platelet Inhibition and Patient Outcomes) trial","volume":"57","author":"Held","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2010.01.062","article-title":"Incidence of dyspnea and assessment of cardiac and pulmonary function in patients with stable coronary artery disease receiving ticagrelor, clopidogrel, or placebo in the ONSET\/OFFSET study","volume":"56","author":"Storey","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2009.00555.x","article-title":"Pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic and clinical profile of novel antiplatelet drugs targeting vascular diseases","volume":"159","author":"Siller-Matula","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2009.10.010","volume":"158","author":"Berger","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2010.04.008","volume":"160","author":"Leonardi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.108.176388","article-title":"G-protein-coupled receptors as signaling targets for antiplatelet therapy","volume":"29","author":"Smyth","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1557","DOI":"10.1517\/13543784.2010.521741","article-title":"Inhibiting PAR-1 in the prevention and treatment of atherothrombotic events","volume":"19","author":"Tomasello","year":"2010","journal-title":"Expert Opin Investig Drugs"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3061","DOI":"10.1021\/jm800180e","article-title":"Discovery of a novel, orally active himbacine-based thrombin receptor antagonist (SCH 530348) with potent antiplatelet activity","volume":"51","author":"Chackalamannil","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Med Chem"},{"issue":"9667","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60230-0","article-title":"Safety and tolerability of SCH 530348 in patients undergoing non-urgent percutaneous coronary intervention: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 study","volume":"373","author":"Becker","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.5551\/jat.3038","article-title":"Safety and exploratory efficacy of the novel thrombin receptor (PAR-1) antagonist SCH530348 for non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome","volume":"17","author":"Goto","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Atheroscler Thromb"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib58","unstructured":"Shinohara Y, Goto S, Doi M, Jensen P. Safety of the novel protease-activated receptor-1 antagonist vorapaxar in Japanese patients with a history of ischemic stroke [published online ahead of print October 13, 2010]. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tricoci P, Huang Z, Held C, et al. Thrombin-receptor antagonist vorapaxar in acute coronary syndromes [published ahead of print November 13, 2011]. N Engl J Med doi:10.1056\/NEJMoa1109719.","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1109719"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2009.06.027","volume":"158","author":"Morrow","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2601","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehq320","article-title":"Double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase 2 studies of the protein-activated receptor 1 antagonist E555 (atopaxar) in Japanese patients with acute coronary syndrome or high-risk coronary artery disease","volume":"31","author":"Goto","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2081","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-200111000-00007","article-title":"Assessment of the safety of recombinant tissue factor pathway inhibitor in patients with severe sepsis: a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, single-blind, dose escalation study","volume":"29","author":"Abraham","year":"2001","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.290.2.238","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of tifacogin (recombinant tissue factor pathway inhibitor) in severe sepsis: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"290","author":"Abraham","year":"2003","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R36","DOI":"10.1186\/cc7747","article-title":"A clinical evaluation committee assessment of recombinant human tissue factor pathway inhibitor (tifacogin) in patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia","volume":"13","author":"Laterre","year":"2009","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib65","unstructured":"National Institutes of Health Clinical Center. Tifacogin for the treatment of patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia. NCT00084071. ClinicalTrials.gov. Bethesda, MD: National Institutes of Health; 2004."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6152","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.13.6152","article-title":"Ancylostoma caninum anticoagulant peptide: a hookworm-derived inhibitor of human coagulation factor Xa","volume":"92","author":"Cappello","year":"1995","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10063","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M009116200","article-title":"Role of zymogen and activated factor X as scaffolds for the inhibition of the blood coagulation factor VIIa-tissue factor complex by recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2","volume":"276","author":"Bergum","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib68","first-page":"803","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and anticoagulant properties of the factor VIIa-tissue factor inhibitor recombinant Nematode Anticoagulant Protein c2 following subcutaneous administration in man. Dependence on the stoichiometric binding to circulating factor X","volume":"90","author":"Vlasuk","year":"2003","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1161\/hc2601.091386","article-title":"Dose-response study of recombinant factor VIIa\/tissue factor inhibitor recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2 in prevention of postoperative venous thromboembolism in patients undergoing total knee replacement","volume":"104","author":"Lee","year":"2001","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2398","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2007.02.065","article-title":"Recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2 in patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome: the ANTHEM-TIMI-32 trial","volume":"49","author":"Giugliano","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2147","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(03)00478-9","article-title":"Recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2, an inhibitor of the tissue factor\/factor VIIa complex, in patients undergoing elective coronary angioplasty","volume":"41","author":"Moons","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib72","series-title":"Safety study of recombinant NAPc2 to prevent tumor progression and metastases in metastatic colon cancer. NCT00443573","author":"National Institutes of Health Clinical Center","year":"2007"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib73","first-page":"83","article-title":"Role of tissue factor and factor VIIa in the coagulant and inflammatory response to LD100 Escherichia coli in the baboon","volume":"26","author":"Taylor","year":"1996","journal-title":"Haemostasis"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3041","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.92.10.3041","article-title":"Influence of blockade at specific levels of the coagulation cascade on restenosis in a rabbit atherosclerotic femoral artery injury model","volume":"92","author":"Jang","year":"1995","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib75","first-page":"312","volume":"36","author":"Lincoff","year":"2000","journal-title":"JACC"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/S0049-3848(00)00299-1","article-title":"Comparing the antithrombotic efficacy of a humanized anti-factor IX(a) monoclonal antibody (SB 249417) to the low molecular weight heparin enoxaparin in a rat model of arterial thrombosis","volume":"100","author":"Toomey","year":"2000","journal-title":"Thromb Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1161\/hs0202.102950","article-title":"Inhibition of factor IX(a) is protective in a rat model of thromboembolic stroke","volume":"33","author":"Toomey","year":"2002","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1067\/mcp.2002.122276","article-title":"Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic modeling of humanized anti-factor IX antibody (SB 249417) in humans","volume":"71","author":"Chow","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"6902","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1038\/nature00963","article-title":"RNA aptamers as reversible antagonists of coagulation factor IXa","volume":"419","author":"Rusconi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2490","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.668434","article-title":"First-in-human experience of an antidote-controlled anticoagulant using RNA aptamer technology: a phase 1a pharmacodynamic evaluation of a drug-antidote pair for the controlled regulation of factor IXa activity","volume":"114","author":"Dyke","year":"2006","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2865","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.745687","article-title":"Phase 1b randomized study of antidote-controlled modulation of factor IXa activity in patients with stable coronary artery disease","volume":"117","author":"Chan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.927756","article-title":"First clinical application of an actively reversible direct factor IXa inhibitor as an anticoagulation strategy in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention","volume":"122","author":"Cohen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2007.02872.x","article-title":"Partial factor IXa inhibition with TTP889 for prevention of venous thromboembolism: an exploratory study","volume":"6","author":"Eriksson","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2308","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V97.8.2308","article-title":"Prothrombin protects factor Xa in the prothrombinase complex from inhibition by the heparin-antithrombin complex","volume":"97","author":"Rezaie","year":"2001","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17663","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M011586200","article-title":"The use of prothrombin(S525C) labeled with fluorescein to directly study the inhibition of prothrombinase by antithrombin during prothrombin activation","volume":"276","author":"Brufatto","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7897","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00191a017","article-title":"Assembly of the prothrombinase complex enhances the inhibition of bovine factor Xa by tick anticoagulant peptide","volume":"33","author":"Krishnaswamy","year":"1994","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(24)36988-5","article-title":"Comparative effects of two direct and indirect factor Xa inhibitors on free and clot-bound prothrombinase","volume":"283","author":"H\u00e9rault","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4197","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V91.11.4197","article-title":"Biochemical and pharmacological properties of SANORG 34006, a potent and long-acting synthetic pentasaccharide","volume":"91","author":"Herbert","year":"1998","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2003.00516.x","article-title":"A novel long-acting synthetic factor Xa inhibitor (SanOrg34006) to replace warfarin for secondary prevention in deep vein thrombosis. A Phase 2 evaluation","volume":"2","author":"PERSIST investigators","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa064247","article-title":"Idraparinux versus standard therapy for venous thromboembolic disease","volume":"357","author":"Buller","year":"2007","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa067703","article-title":"Extended prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism with idraparinux","volume":"357","author":"Buller","year":"2007","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"9609","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60168-3","article-title":"Comparison of idraparinux with vitamin K antagonists for prevention of thromboembolism in patients with atrial fibrillation: a randomised, open-label, non-inferiority trial","volume":"371","author":"Bousser","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2010.04100.x","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of once weekly subcutaneous idrabiotaparinux in the treatment of patients with symptomatic deep venous thrombosis","volume":"9","author":"Equinox Investigators","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2010.03746.x","article-title":"Reversibility of the anti-FXa activity of idrabiotaparinux (biotinylated idraparinux) by intravenous avidin infusion","volume":"8","author":"Paty","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1615759","article-title":"SR123781A, a synthetic heparin mimetic","volume":"85","author":"Herbert","year":"2001","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6226","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.10.6226","article-title":"Exosites 1 and 2 are essential for protection of fibrin-bound thrombin from heparin-catalyzed inhibition by antithrombin and heparin cofactor II","volume":"274","author":"Becker","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1959","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1538-7836.2003.00358.x","article-title":"Effect of SanOrg123781A, a synthetic hexadecasaccharide, on clot-bound thrombin and factor Xa in vitro and in vivo","volume":"1","author":"H\u00e9rault","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1498","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2008.03.007","article-title":"SR123781A: a new once daily synthetic oligosaccharide anticoagulant for thromboprophylaxis after total hip replacement surgery: the DRIVE (Dose Ranging Study in Elective Total Hip Replacement Surgery) study","volume":"51","author":"Lassen","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib99","first-page":"900","article-title":"M118\u2014a rationally engineered low-molecular-weight heparin designed specifically for the treatment of acute coronary syndromes","volume":"102","author":"Kishimoto","year":"2009","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1713","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.913277","article-title":"Evaluation of a new heparin agent in percutaneous coronary intervention: results of the phase 2 evaluation of M118 IN pErcutaNeous Coronary intErvention (EMINENCE) Trial","volume":"121","author":"Rao","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib101","series-title":"Evaluation of AVE5026 in the Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism in Acutely Ill Medical Patients with Restricted Mobility (SAVE-VEMED). NCT00714597","author":"National Institutes of Health Clinical Center","year":"2008"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib102","first-page":"OC316","article-title":"The ultra-low-molecular-weight heparin (ULMWH) semuloparin for prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) after elective hip replacement surgery [abstract]","volume":"37","author":"Mouret","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pathophysiol Haemost Thromb"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib103","article-title":"The ultra-low-molecular-weight heparin (ULMWH) semuloparin for prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) after hip fracture surgery [abstract]","volume":"37","author":"Fisher","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pathophysiol Haemost Thromb"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib104","first-page":"OC331","article-title":"The ultra-low-molecular-weight heparin (ULMWH) semuloparin for prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) after elective knee replacement surgery [abstract]","volume":"37","author":"Lassen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pathophysiol Haemost Thromb"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib105","first-page":"OC332","article-title":"Benefit-to-risk profile of the ultra-low-molecular-weight heparin (ULMWH) semuloparin for prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE): a meta-analysis of 3 major orthopedic surgery studies [abstract]","volume":"37","author":"Turpie","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pathophysiol Haemost Thromb"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib106","first-page":"OC681","article-title":"Extended venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis after hip fracture surgery with the ultra-low-molecular-weight heparin (ULMWH) semuloparin [abstract]","volume":"37","author":"Fisher","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pathophysiol Haemost Thromb"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kakkar AK, Agnelli G, Fisher WD, et al. The ultra-low-molecular-weight heparin semuloparin for prevention of venous thromboembolism in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery [abstract]. American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting. December 4-7, 2010, Orlando, FL","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V116.21.188.188"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib108","series-title":"Evaluation of AVE5026 in the prevention of venous thromboembolism in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy (SAVE-ONCO). NCT00694382","author":"National Institutes of Health Clinical Center","year":"2008"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1030","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)12377-X","article-title":"DX 9065A a novel, synthetic, selective and orally active inhibitor of factor Xa: in vitro and in vivo studies","volume":"276","author":"Herbert","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-9236(99)70033-0","article-title":"Tolerability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of DX-9065a, a new synthetic potent anticoagulant and specific factor Xa inhibitor, in healthy male volunteers","volume":"66","author":"Maruyama","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2005.03.017","article-title":"Effect of the novel direct factor Xa inhibitor DX-9065a on thrombin generation and inhibition among patients with stable atherosclerotic coronary artery disease","volume":"117","author":"Becker","year":"2006","journal-title":"Thromb Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2004.01081.x","article-title":"First experience with direct, selective factor Xa inhibition in patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes: results of the XaNADU-ACS trial","volume":"3","author":"Alexander","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7933.2004.00594.x","article-title":"Initial experience with factor-Xa inhibition in percutaneous coronary intervention: the XaNADU-PCI Pilot","volume":"2","author":"Alexander","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib114","first-page":"1156","article-title":"Pharmacodynamic markers in the early clinical assessment of otamixaban, a direct factor Xa inhibitor","volume":"94","author":"Paccaly","year":"2005","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clpt.2006.09.002","article-title":"Direct and rapid inhibition of factor Xa by otamixaban: a pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic investigation in patients with coronary artery disease","volume":"80","author":"Hinder","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2642","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.653428","article-title":"Randomized, double-blind, dose-ranging study of otamixaban, a novel, parenteral, short-acting direct factor Xa inhibitor, in percutaneous coronary intervention: the SEPIA-PCI trial","volume":"115","author":"Cohen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"9692","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)61454-9","article-title":"Otamixaban for the treatment of patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes (SEPIA-ACS1 TIMI 42): a randomised, double-blind, active-controlled, phase 2 trial","volume":"374","author":"Sabatine","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib118","series-title":"Effect of otamixaban versus unfractionated heparin + eptifibatide in patients with unstable angina\/non st elevation myocardial infarction undergoing early invasive strategy (TAO). NCT01076764","author":"National Institutes of Health Clinical Center","year":"2010"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-005-0043-5","article-title":"Safety, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacokinetics of BAY 59-7939\u2014an oral, direct Factor Xa inhibitor\u2014after multiple dosing in healthy male subjects","volume":"61","author":"Kubitza","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.5414\/CPP45335","article-title":"Population model of the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of rivaroxaban\u2014an oral, direct factor xa inhibitor\u2014in healthy subjects","volume":"45","author":"Mueck","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"2 suppl","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e44S","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.11-2292","article-title":"Oral anticoagulant therapy: antithrombotic therapy and prevention of thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines","volume":"141","author":"Ageno","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1160\/TH08-07-0486","article-title":"Apixaban, an oral direct factor Xa inhibitor, inhibits human clot-bound factor Xa activity in vitro","volume":"101","author":"Jiang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.108.023143","article-title":"Apixaban metabolism and pharmacokinetics after oral administration to humans","volume":"37","author":"Raghavan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0810773","article-title":"Apixaban or enoxaparin for thromboprophylaxis after knee replacement","volume":"361","author":"Lassen","year":"2009","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"9717","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)62125-5","article-title":"Apixaban versus enoxaparin for thromboprophylaxis after knee replacement (ADVANCE-2): a randomised double-blind trial","volume":"375","author":"Lassen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"26","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2487","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1006885","article-title":"Apixaban versus enoxaparin for thromboprophylaxis after hip replacement","volume":"363","author":"Lassen","year":"2010","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Goldhaber SZ, Leizorovicz A, Kakkar AK, et al. Apixaban versus enoxaparin for thromboprophylaxis in medically ill patients [published ahead of print November 13, 2011]. N Engl J Med. doi:10.1056\/NEJMoa1110899","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1110899"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib128","series-title":"Efficacy and safety study of apixaban for extended treatment of deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. NCT00633893","author":"National Institutes of Health Clinical Center","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib129","series-title":"Efficacy and safety study of apixaban for the treatment of deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. NCT00643201","author":"National Institutes of Health Clinical Center","year":"2008"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1107039","article-title":"Apixaban versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation","volume":"365","author":"Granger","year":"2011","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2009.08.026","article-title":"Rationale and design of AVERROES: apixaban versus acetylsalicylic acid to prevent stroke in atrial fibrillation patients who have failed or are unsuitable for vitamin K antagonist treatment","volume":"159","author":"Eikelboom","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2877","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.832139","article-title":"Apixaban, an oral, direct, selective factor Xa inhibitor, in combination with antiplatelet therapy after acute coronary syndrome: results of the Apixaban for Prevention of Acute Ischemic and Safety Events (APPRAISE) trial","volume":"119","author":"Alexander","year":"2009","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1105819","article-title":"Apixaban with antiplatelet therapy after acute coronary syndrome","volume":"365","author":"Alexander","year":"2011","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1177\/0091270009351883","article-title":"Clinical safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of the novel factor Xa inhibitor edoxaban in healthy volunteers","volume":"50","author":"Ogata","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2458","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2010.04021.x","article-title":"A dose-ranging study evaluating the oral factor Xa inhibitor edoxaban for the prevention of venous thromboembolism in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty","volume":"8","author":"Fuji","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib136","first-page":"642","article-title":"Oral direct factor Xa inhibition with edoxaban for thromboprophylaxis after elective total hip replacement. A randomised double-blind dose-response study","volume":"104","author":"Raskob","year":"2010","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1360","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V116.21.3320.3320","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of edoxaban versus enoxaparin for the prevention of venous thromboembolism following total hip arthroplasty [abstract]","volume":"116","author":"Fuji","year":"2010","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib138","series-title":"Comparative investigation of low molecular weight (LMW) heparin\/edoxaban tosylate (DU176b) versus (LMW) heparin\/warfarin in the treatment of symptomatic deep-vein blood clots and\/or lung blood clots (The Edoxaban Hokusai-VTE Study). NCT00986154","author":"National Institutes of Health Clinical Center","year":"2009"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib139","first-page":"633","article-title":"Randomised, parallel-group, multicentre, multinational phase 2 study comparing edoxaban, an oral factor Xa inhibitor, with warfarin for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation","volume":"104","author":"Weitz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2010.06.042","volume":"160","author":"Ruff","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1660","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2007.02644.x","article-title":"ONYX study group. A dose escalation study of YM150, an oral direct factor Xa inhibitor, in the prevention of venous thromboembolism in elective primary hip replacement surgery","volume":"5","author":"Eriksson","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib142","series-title":"A study evaluating efficacy and safety of YM150 compared to enoxaparin in subjects undergoing hip replacement surgery (ONYX-3). NCT00902928","author":"National Institutes of Health Clinical Center","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib143","series-title":"A study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of YM150 in patients with knee replacement surgery (PEARL). NCT00595426","author":"National Institutes of Health Clinical Center","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib144","series-title":"A study evaluating safety and tolerability of YM150 compared to warfarin in subjects with atrial fibrillation (OPAL-2). NCT00938730","author":"National Institutes of Health Clinical Center","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2541","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehr334","article-title":"RUBY-1: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of the safety and tolerability of the novel oral factor Xa inhibitor darexaban (YM150) following acute coronary syndrome","volume":"32","author":"Steg","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2165\/0003088-200948010-00001","article-title":"Comparative pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of oral direct thrombin and factor xa inhibitors in development","volume":"48","author":"Eriksson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacokinet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1160\/TH08-07-0460","article-title":"A randomized evaluation of betrixaban, an oral factor Xa inhibitor, for prevention of thromboembolic events after total knee replacement (EXPERT)","volume":"101","author":"Turpie","year":"2009","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib148","first-page":"1150","article-title":"A dose-finding study with TAK-442, an oral factor Xa inhibitor, in patients undergoing elective total knee replacement surgery","volume":"104","author":"Weitz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib149","series-title":"Safety and efficacy of TAK-442 in subjects with acute coronary syndromes. NCT00677053","author":"National Institutes of Health Clinical Center","year":"2008"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2007.02436.x","article-title":"A phase 2 study of the oral factor Xa inhibitor LY517717 for the prevention of venous thromboembolism after hip or knee replacement","volume":"5","author":"Agnelli","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200103083441001","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of recombinant human activated protein C for severe sepsis","volume":"344","author":"Bernard","year":"2001","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1332","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa050935","article-title":"Drotrecogin alfa (activated) for adults with severe sepsis and a low risk of death","volume":"353","author":"Abraham","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"9564","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60411-5","article-title":"Drotrecogin alfa (activated) in children with severe sepsis: a multicentre phase 3 randomised controlled trial","volume":"369","author":"Nadel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12602","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)38386-3","article-title":"Stable expression of a secretable deletion mutant of recombinant human thrombomodulin in mammalian cells","volume":"265","author":"Parkinson","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2005.01251.x","article-title":"Dose-response study of recombinant human soluble thrombomodulin (ART-123) in the prevention of venous thromboembolism after total hip replacement","volume":"3","author":"Kearon","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2006.01900.x","article-title":"Variable region heavy chain glycosylation determines the anticoagulant activity of a factor VIII antibody","volume":"4","author":"Jacquemin","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2008.03271.x","article-title":"A human monoclonal antibody inhibiting partially factor VIII activity reduces thrombus growth in baboons","volume":"7","author":"Jacquemin","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2010.06.012","article-title":"Tolerability and pharmacokinetics of TB-402 in healthy male volunteers","volume":"32","author":"Verhamme","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2011.04221.x","article-title":"Single intravenous administration of TB-402 for the prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism after total knee replacement: a dose-escalating, randomized, controlled trial","volume":"9","author":"Verhamme","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.1161\/hc0802.104331","article-title":"Direct thrombin inhibitors in acute coronary syndromes: present and future","volume":"105","author":"Weitz","year":"2002","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"V275","DOI":"10.1016\/S0049-3848(02)00093-2","article-title":"Direct thrombin inhibitors","volume":"106","author":"Weitz","year":"2002","journal-title":"Thromb Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2001-16889","article-title":"Production and clinical development of a Hansenula polymorpha-derived PEGylated hirudin","volume":"27","author":"Avgerinos","year":"2001","journal-title":"Semin Thromb Hemost"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1989","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2006.02064.x","article-title":"A comparison of the beta-D-xyloside, odiparcil, to warfarin in a rat model of venous thrombosis","volume":"4","author":"Toomey","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"suppl 2","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib164","article-title":"A phase 2 double-blind placebo-controlled parallel-group randomized study of extended prophylaxis with odiparcil following total hip arthroplasty (THA) [abstract]","volume":"5","author":"Bates","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1160\/TH09-07-0509","article-title":"Safety and tolerability of an immediate-release formulation of theoral direct thrombin inhibitor AZD0837 in the prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in patients with atrial fibrillation","volume":"103","author":"Olsson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2897","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehp318","article-title":"Oral direct thrombin inhibitor AZD0837 for the prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation: a randomized dose-guiding, safety, and tolerability study of four doses of AZD0837 vs. vitamin K antagonists","volume":"30","author":"Lip","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2010.11.012","volume":"127","author":"Lip","year":"2011","journal-title":"Thromb Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-010-0849-7","article-title":"Reversible elevations of serum creatinine levels but no effect on glomerular filtration during treatment with the direct thrombin inhibitor AZD0837","volume":"66","author":"Sch\u00fctzer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1649642","article-title":"Inhibition of endothelial cell expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 by gemfibrozil","volume":"70","author":"Fujii","year":"1993","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.92.4.767","article-title":"Attenuation of the synthesis of plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 by niacin. A potential link between lipid lowering and fibrinolysis","volume":"92","author":"Brown","year":"1995","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"46","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27942","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.270.46.27942","article-title":"The acid stabilization of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 depends on protonation of a single group that affects loop insertion into beta-sheet A","volume":"270","author":"Kvassman","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2416","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI117937","article-title":"Peptide-mediated inactivation of recombinant and platelet plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in vitro","volume":"95","author":"Eitzman","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib173","first-page":"916","article-title":"Novel low-molecular-weight inhibitor of PAI-1 (XR5118) promotes endogenous fibrinolysis and reduces postthrombolysis thrombus growth in rabbits","volume":"96","author":"Friederich","year":"1997","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.20192","article-title":"Inhibition of the invasion capacity of carcinoma cells by WX-UK1, a novel synthetic inhibitor of the urokinase-type plasminogen activator system","volume":"110","author":"Ertongur","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1160\/TH04-11-0712","article-title":"Suppression of rat breast cancer metastasis and reduction of primary tumour growth by the small synthetic urokinase inhibitor WX-UK1","volume":"93","author":"Setyono-Han","year":"2005","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"s2","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib176","first-page":"20","article-title":"The oral serine protease inhibitor WX-671-first experience in patients with advanced head and neck carcinoma","volume":"3","author":"Meyer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Breast Care (Basel)"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14477","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.22.14477","article-title":"On the mechanism of the antifibrinolytic activity of plasma carboxypeptidase B","volume":"272","author":"Sakharov","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1328","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.93.7.1328","article-title":"Inducible carboxypeptidase activity. A role in clot lysis in vivo","volume":"93","author":"Redlitz","year":"1996","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2735","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V94.8.2735.420k30_2735_2743","article-title":"A novel approach to arterial thrombolysis","volume":"94","author":"Klement","year":"1999","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/S0049-3848(00)00184-5","article-title":"An inhibitor of activated thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor potentiates tissue-type plasminogen activator-induced thrombolysis in a rabbit jugular vein thrombolysis model","volume":"98","author":"Nagashima","year":"2000","journal-title":"Thromb Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1160\/TH08-09-0834","article-title":"Comparative study of inhibitory antibody derivatives towards thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor","volume":"102","author":"Develter","year":"2009","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1302","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2010.03816.x","article-title":"Generation and characterization of inhibitory nanobodies towards thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor","volume":"8","author":"Buelens","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1160\/TH06-04-0197","article-title":"Fibrinolytic efficacy of Amediplase, Tenecteplase and scu-PA in different external plasma clot lysis models: sensitivity to the inhibitory action of thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI)","volume":"96","author":"Guimar\u00e3es","year":"2006","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1349","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2006.11.078","article-title":"3-Mercaptopropionic acids as efficacious inhibitors of activated thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFIa)","volume":"17","author":"Islam","year":"2007","journal-title":"Bioorg Med Chem Lett"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2009.11.029","article-title":"Oxygenated analogues of UK-396082 as inhibitors of activated thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor","volume":"20","author":"Owen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bioorg Med Chem Lett"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1538-7836.2003.00028.x","article-title":"Reversible inhibitors of TAFIa can both promote and inhibit fibrinolysis","volume":"1","author":"Schneider","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8913","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M205006200","article-title":"Stabilization versus inhibition of TAFIa by competitive inhibitors in vitro","volume":"278","author":"Walker","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2010.03740.x","article-title":"Insights into the molecular inactivation mechanism of human activated thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor","volume":"8","author":"Sanglas","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib189","first-page":"177","article-title":"The roles of fibrinogen and fibrin in hemostasis and thrombosis","volume":"29","author":"Mosesson","year":"1992","journal-title":"Semin Hematol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.3109\/10408369609084691","article-title":"Novel aspects of blood coagulation factor XIII.I. Structure, distribution, activation, and function","volume":"33","author":"Muszbek","year":"1996","journal-title":"Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1656085","article-title":"Tridegin, a novel peptidic inhibitor of factor XIIIa from the leech, Haementeria ghilianii, enhances fibrinolysis in vitro","volume":"77","author":"Seale","year":"1997","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"pt 3","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib192","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3240797","article-title":"Tridegin, a new peptidic inhibitor of factor XIIIa, from the blood-sucking leech Haementeria ghilianii","volume":"324","author":"Finney","year":"1997","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib193","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1097\/00001721-199102000-00025","article-title":"Destabilase, the novel epsilon-(gamma-Glu)-Lys isopeptidase with thrombolytic activity","volume":"2","author":"Baskova","year":"1991","journal-title":"Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1007\/s004380050291","article-title":"Genes from the medicinal leech (Hirudo medicinalis) coding for unusual enzymes that specifically cleave endo-epsilon (gamma-Glu)-Lys isopeptide bonds and help to dissolve blood clots","volume":"253","author":"Zavalova","year":"1996","journal-title":"Mol Gen Genet"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1361","DOI":"10.1517\/14712598.6.12.1361","article-title":"Alfimeprase: a novel recombinant direct-acting fibrinolytic","volume":"6","author":"Deitcher","year":"2006","journal-title":"Expert Opin Biol Ther"},{"issue":"3\u20136","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib196","first-page":"141","article-title":"Alfimeprase: pharmacology of a novel fibrinolytic metalloproteinase for thrombolysis","volume":"31","author":"Toombs","year":"2001","journal-title":"Haemostasis"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib197","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3056","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2006.05.8438","article-title":"Phase 2 trial of alfimeprase, a novel-acting fibrin degradation agent, for occluded central venous access devices","volume":"24","author":"Moll","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib198","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2004.01087.x","article-title":"Thrombolytic activity of BB-10153, a thrombin-activatable plasminogen","volume":"3","author":"Comer","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib199","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1180","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2005.01352.x","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of BB-10153, a thrombin-activatable plasminogen, in healthy volunteers","volume":"3","author":"Curtis","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1007\/s11239-006-8080-1","article-title":"Dose escalation trial of the efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of a novel fibrinolytic agent, BB-10153, in patients with ST elevation MI: results of the TIMI 31 trial","volume":"22","author":"Gibson","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Thromb Thrombolysis"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib201","series-title":"A safety and dose finding study of plasmin (human) administered into the middle cerebral artery of stroke patients. NCT01014975","author":"National Institutes of Health Clinical Center","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib202","series-title":"A dose escalation and safety study of plasmin (human) in acute lower extremity native artery or bypass graft occlusion (PRIORITY). NCT00418483","author":"National Institutes of Health Clinical Center","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib203","series-title":"A study of intra-thrombus plasmin (human) in acute peripheral arterial occlusion. NCT01222117","author":"National Institutes of Health Clinical Center","year":"2010"},{"issue":"29","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18292","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.273.29.18292","article-title":"Characterization of the interactions of plasminogen and tissue and vampire bat plasminogen activators with fibrinogen, fibrin, and the complex of D-dimer noncovalently linked to fragment E","volume":"273","author":"Stewart","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1653800","article-title":"Vampire bat salivary plasminogen activator evokes minimal bleeding relative to tissue-type plasminogen activator as assessed by a rabbit cuticle bleeding time model","volume":"73","author":"Mellott","year":"1995","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000149938.08731.2c","article-title":"The Desmoteplase in Acute Ischemic Stroke Trial (DIAS): a phase 2 MRI-based 9-hour window acute stroke thrombolysis trial with intravenous desmoteplase","volume":"36","author":"Hacke","year":"2005","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000217403.66996.6d","article-title":"Dose Escalation of Desmoteplase for Acute Ischemic Stroke (DEDAS): evidence of safety and efficacy 3 to 9 hours after stroke onset","volume":"37","author":"Furlan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(08)70267-9","article-title":"Intravenous desmoteplase in patients with acute ischaemic stroke selected by MRI perfusion-diffusion weighted imaging or perfusion CT (DIAS-2): a prospective, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study","volume":"8","author":"Hacke","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib209","series-title":"Clinical study of desmoteplase in Japanese patients with acute ischemic stroke. NCT01104467","author":"National Institutes of Health Clinical Center","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.11-2294_bib210","series-title":"Efficacy and safety study of desmoteplase to treat acute ischemic stroke (DIAS-4). NCT00856661","author":"National Institutes of Health Clinical Center","year":"2009"}],"container-title":["Chest"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0012369212601214?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0012369212601214?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T22:56:53Z","timestamp":1762124213000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0012369212601214"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,2]]},"references-count":210,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0012369212601214"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1378\/chest.11-2294","relation":{},"ISSN":["0012-3692"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0012-3692","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"New Antithrombotic Drugs","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Chest","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1378\/chest.11-2294","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2012 The American College of Chest Physicians. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}