{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T03:03:20Z","timestamp":1791255800605,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1997,9,1]],"date-time":"1997-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":873072000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Chest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,9]]},"DOI":"10.1378\/chest.112.3.702","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,22]],"date-time":"2008-01-22T17:31:17Z","timestamp":1201023077000},"page":"702-706","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":70,"title":["The Optimal Number of Pleural Biopsy Specimens for a Diagnosis of Tuberculous Pleurisy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"112","author":[{"given":"Carl M.","family":"Kirsch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William A.","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank T.","family":"Kagawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John H.","family":"Wehner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. Mark","family":"Kroe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raymond L.","family":"Azzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1378\/chest.112.3.702_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM195506022522206","article-title":"Needle biopsy of the parietal pleura","volume":"252","author":"DeFrancis","year":"1955","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.112.3.702_bib2","series-title":"Diagnostic techniques in pulmonary disease","first-page":"541","article-title":"Thoracentesis and pleural biopsy","author":"Ball","year":"1981"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.112.3.702_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/138.1.184","article-title":"State of the art: the pleura","volume":"138","author":"Sahn","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.112.3.702_bib4","series-title":"Pleural diseases","author":"Light","year":"1995"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.112.3.702_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1971.03190160027005","article-title":"A prospective study of closed pleural biopsies","volume":"218","author":"Scerbo","year":"1971","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.112.3.702_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1349","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(58)91439-9","article-title":"Pleural biopsy in the diagnosis of pleural effusion: a report of 200 cases","volume":"2","author":"Mestitz","year":"1958","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.112.3.702_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1012685","article-title":"Invasive procedures in the diagnosis of pleural disease","volume":"9","author":"Tomlinson","year":"1987","journal-title":"Semin Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.112.3.702_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1970.00310080075009","article-title":"Diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy by culture of pleural biopsy specimen","volume":"126","author":"Levine","year":"1970","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.112.3.702_bib9","first-page":"466","article-title":"Isolation of tubercle bacilli from needle biopsy specimens of parietal pleura","volume":"97","author":"Scharer","year":"1968","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.112.3.702_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.34.1.106","article-title":"Pleural effusion: laboratory tests in 300 cases","volume":"34","author":"Hirsch","year":"1979","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.112.3.702_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1984.00350140139020","article-title":"Sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of closed pleural biopsy","volume":"144","author":"Poe","year":"1984","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.112.3.702_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-48-2-344","article-title":"Pleural biopsy as an aid in the etiologic diagnosis of pleural effusion: review of the literature and report of 132 biopsies","volume":"48","author":"Donohoe","year":"1958","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.112.3.702_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1965.03860130036006","article-title":"Needle biopsy of parietal pleura in 124 cases","volume":"115","author":"Rao","year":"1965","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.112.3.702_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.5300.298","article-title":"Needle biopsy of the parietal pleura in patients with pleural effusion","volume":"2","author":"Sison","year":"1962","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.112.3.702_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1958.72990260005011a","article-title":"New pleural biopsy needle","volume":"167","author":"Cope","year":"1958","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.112.3.702_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(58)92521-2","article-title":"A pleural-biopsy punch","volume":"1","author":"Abrams","year":"1958","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.112.3.702_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.108.4.982","article-title":"A modified Abrams needle biopsy technique","volume":"108","author":"Kirsch","year":"1995","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.112.3.702_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-77-4-507","article-title":"Pleural effusions: the diagnostic separation of transudates and exudates","volume":"77","author":"Light","year":"1972","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.112.3.702_bib19","first-page":"37","article-title":"Percutaneous pleural biopsy with a curetting needle","volume":"84","author":"Niden","year":"1961","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.112.3.702_bib20","first-page":"249","article-title":"Needle biopsy of the pleura in the diagnosis of pleural effusion","volume":"119","author":"Hampson","year":"1961","journal-title":"Q J Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.112.3.702_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/72.1.48","article-title":"Comparison of the diagnostic values of biopsies of the pleura and cytologic evaluation of pleural fluids","volume":"72","author":"Frist","year":"1979","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.112.3.702_bib22","first-page":"288","article-title":"Reinforcement of diagnostic value of pleural biopsies by culture in liquid medium","volume":"93","author":"Wichelhausen","year":"1966","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.112.3.702_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-5994.1992.tb02117.x","article-title":"A comparison of Abrams and Raja pleural biopsy needles","volume":"22","author":"O'Connor","year":"1992","journal-title":"Aust NZ J Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.112.3.702_bib24","first-page":"1155","article-title":"When and how to perform percutaneous pleural biopsy","volume":"12","author":"Schwartz","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.112.3.702_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.280.6215.693","article-title":"Pleural aspiration and biopsy","volume":"1","author":"Iles","year":"1980","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.112.3.702_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1190","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1990.00390180034005","article-title":"Cytologic and bacteriologic analysis of fluid and pleural biopsy specimens with Cope's needle: study of 414 patients","volume":"150","author":"Bueno","year":"1990","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.112.3.702_bib27","first-page":"53","article-title":"The technique of closed pleural biopsy: how to get the best results with either the Cope or Abrams needle","volume":"3","author":"Silver","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Crit Illness"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.112.3.702_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.35.8.600","article-title":"Multiple pleural biopsy with the Abrams needle","volume":"35","author":"Mungall","year":"1980","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.112.3.702_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.63.1.88","article-title":"Tuberculous pleurisy","volume":"63","author":"Berger","year":"1973","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.112.3.702_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.84.1.51","article-title":"Adenosine deaminase in pleural fluids: test for diagnosis of tuberculous pleural effusion","volume":"84","author":"Ocana","year":"1983","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.112.3.702_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1977","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.152.6.8520765","article-title":"Rapid diagnosis of pleural tuberculosis by polymerase chain reaction","volume":"152","author":"Querol","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.112.3.702_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1016\/S0954-6111(05)80331-2","article-title":"Audit of pleural biopsies: an argument for a pleural biopsy service","volume":"88","author":"Walsh","year":"1994","journal-title":"Respir Med"}],"container-title":["Chest"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0012369216317378?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0012369216317378?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]],"date-time":"2019-01-01T05:24:49Z","timestamp":1546320289000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0012369216317378"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1997,9]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0012369216317378"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1378\/chest.112.3.702","relation":{},"ISSN":["0012-3692"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0012-3692","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1997,9]]}}}