{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T15:06:00Z","timestamp":1770822360259,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1998,8,1]],"date-time":"1998-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":901929600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Chest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,8]]},"DOI":"10.1378\/chest.114.2.629","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,22]],"date-time":"2008-01-22T22:31:17Z","timestamp":1201041077000},"page":"629-634","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":81,"title":["Acute Community-Acquired Pneumonia due to Aspergillus in Presumably Immunocompetent Hosts"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"114","author":[{"given":"Cornelius J.","family":"Clancy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. Hong","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1378\/chest.114.2.629_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-198203000-00005","article-title":"Chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis: a discrete clinical entity","volume":"61","author":"Binder","year":"1982","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.114.2.629_bib2","first-page":"107","article-title":"Primary aspergillosis of the lungs","volume":"47","author":"Hetherington","year":"1943","journal-title":"Am Rev Tuberc"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.114.2.629_bib3","first-page":"629","article-title":"Aspergillosis and pulmonary pseudotuberculosis","volume":"114","author":"Lapenta","year":"1921","journal-title":"NY Med J"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.114.2.629_bib4","first-page":"267","article-title":"Primary aspergillosis of the lungs","volume":"22","author":"Schneider","year":"1930","journal-title":"Am Rev Tuberc"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.114.2.629_bib5","first-page":"407","article-title":"Aspergillosis","volume":"27","author":"Smith","year":"1934","journal-title":"J Tenn Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.114.2.629_bib6","first-page":"341","article-title":"Primary pulmonary aspergillosis","volume":"17","author":"Wahl","year":"1928","journal-title":"J Med Assoc GA"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.114.2.629_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.41.215.34","article-title":"Fatal acute pulmonary aspergillosis in two children of one family","volume":"41","author":"Strelling","year":"1966","journal-title":"Arch Dis Childh"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.114.2.629_bib8","first-page":"217","article-title":"Aspergillosis","volume":"100","author":"Zellner","year":"1969","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.114.2.629_bib9","first-page":"505","article-title":"Pulmonary aspergillosis","volume":"109","author":"Zimmerman","year":"1970","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.114.2.629_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1493","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1979.03290400053024","article-title":"Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis associated with influenza","volume":"241","author":"Fischer","year":"1979","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.114.2.629_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(80)90478-7","article-title":"Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in an apparently nonimmunocompromised host","volume":"69","author":"Brown","year":"1980","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.114.2.629_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.87.5.691","article-title":"Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis complicating influenza A pneumonia in a previously healthy patient","volume":"87","author":"Lewis","year":"1985","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.114.2.629_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/8.3.357","article-title":"Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in nonimmunocompromised, nonneutropenic hosts","volume":"8","author":"Karam","year":"1986","journal-title":"Rev Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.114.2.629_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/143.2.431","article-title":"Hypersensitivity pneumonitis versus invasive pulmonary aspergillosis: two cases with unusual pathologic findings and review of the literature","volume":"143","author":"Meeker","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.114.2.629_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-199107000-00004","article-title":"Spectrum of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in immunocompetent patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"84","author":"Thommi","year":"1991","journal-title":"South Med J"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.114.2.629_bib16","first-page":"238","article-title":"Effect of alcoholic intoxication and ether anesthesia on resistance to pneumococcal infection","volume":"63","author":"Pickrell","year":"1938","journal-title":"Johns Hopkins Hosp Bull"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.114.2.629_bib17","first-page":"134","article-title":"A study of the mechanism of pulmonary resistance to infection: the relationship of bacterial clearance to ciliary activity and alveolar macrophage function","volume":"93","author":"Guarneri","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.114.2.629_bib18","first-page":"73","article-title":"Mechanisms of ethanol-induced defects of alveolar macrophage function","volume":"8","author":"Rimland","year":"1983","journal-title":"Alcoholism Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.114.2.629_bib19","first-page":"918","article-title":"The effect of ethanol on adherence and phagocytosis by rabbit alveolar macrophages","volume":"95","author":"Rimland","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Lab Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.114.2.629_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.53.1.93","article-title":"Effect of acute oral administration of alcohol on superoxide anion production from mouse alveolar macrophages","volume":"53","author":"Libon","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.114.2.629_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1164\/arrd.1983.128.1.113","article-title":"Impairment of polymorphonuclear leukocyte immigration as a mechanism of alcohol-induced suppression of pulmonary antibacterial defenses","volume":"128","author":"Astry","year":"1983","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.114.2.629_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.50.2.287-292.1984","article-title":"Influenza virus-induced immune complexes suppress alveolar macrophage phagocytosis","volume":"50","author":"Astry","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.114.2.629_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/144.3.225","article-title":"Suppression of antibacterial immunity by infection with influenza virus","volume":"144","author":"Gardner","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.114.2.629_bib24","series-title":"Program and abstracts of the 34th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (Orlando, FL)","article-title":"Amphotericin B lipid complex in the treatment of 228 cases of invasive mycosis. Abstract","author":"Walsh","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.114.2.629_bib25","unstructured":"Petrikkos G, Sambatakou H, Korantzis J, et al. Amphotericin B lipid complex for the manage m e nt of systemic mycosis in pati e nts with nephrotoxicity and\/or failur e of previous antifungal treatment. Abstract 089. In: The 13th Congress of the Intern ational Society for Human and Animal Mycology, Parma, Italy, 1997"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.114.2.629_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.9.6.915","article-title":"Activity of amphotericin B, 5-fluorocytosine, and rifampin against six clinical isolates of aspergillus","volume":"9","author":"Kitahara","year":"1976","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.114.2.629_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/4.4.375","article-title":"Susceptibility of aspergillus to 5-fluorocytosine and amphotericin B alone and in combination","volume":"4","author":"Lauer","year":"1978","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.114.2.629_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.25.5.560","article-title":"In vitro activities of amphotericin B in combination with four antifungal agents and rifampin against Aspergillus spp","volume":"25","author":"Hughes","year":"1984","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.114.2.629_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.11.1.21","article-title":"Therapy of murine aspergillosis with amphotericin B in combination with rifampin or 5-fluorocytosine","volume":"11","author":"Arroyo","year":"1977","journal-title":"Antimicrob Ag Chemother"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.114.2.629_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.55.647.667","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of amphotericin B and flucytosine","volume":"55","author":"Polak","year":"1979","journal-title":"Postgrad Med J"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.114.2.629_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1974.00320150160023","article-title":"Cure of Aspergillus ustus endocarditis on a prosthetic valve","volume":"133","author":"Carrizosa","year":"1974","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.114.2.629_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/12.6.1147","article-title":"Antifungal and surgical treatment of invasive aspergillosis: review of 2,121 published cases","volume":"12","author":"Denning","year":"1990","journal-title":"Rev Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.114.2.629_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(89)90475-0","article-title":"Treatment of invasive aspergillosis with itraconazole","volume":"86","author":"Denning","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.114.2.629_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(94)90023-X","article-title":"NIAID mycoses study group multicenter trial of oral itraconazole therapy for invasive aspergillosis","volume":"97","author":"Denning","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.114.2.629_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1907","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.39.9.1907","article-title":"Use of amphotericin B with azole antifungal drugs: what are we doing?","volume":"39","author":"Sugar","year":"1995","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.114.2.629_bib36","unstructured":"D e nning DW, del Favero A, Gluckman E, et al. The efficacy and tolerability of UK 109,496 (vo ri conazole) in th e treatm ent of invas ive aspergillosis (lA ). Abstract P552. The 13th Congress of th e International Society for Human and Animal Myco logy, Parma, Italy, 1997"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.114.2.629_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1997.15.1.139","article-title":"Improved management of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in neutropenic patients using early thoracic computed tomographic scan and surgery","volume":"15","author":"Caillot","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.114.2.629_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/170.4.894","article-title":"Antifungal activity of elutriated human monocytes against Aspergillus fumigatus hyphae: enhancement by granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor and interferon-gamma","volume":"170","author":"Roilides","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.114.2.629_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.61.4.1185-1193.1993","article-title":"Enhancement of oxidative response and damage caused by human neutrophils to Aspergillus fumigatus hyphae by granulocyte colony stimulating factor and gamma-interferon","volume":"61","author":"Roilides","year":"1993","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.114.2.629_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V78.4.907.907","article-title":"Phase I trial of recombinant human macrophage colony stimulating factor in patients with invasive fungal infections","volume":"78","author":"Neumunaitis","year":"1991","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.114.2.629_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/163.4.908","article-title":"Recombinant human interferon-gamma as adjunct therapy for Aspergillus infection in a patient with chronic granulomatous disease","volume":"163","author":"Bernhisel-Broadbent","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.114.2.629_bib42","series-title":"34th Conference of the Infectious Disease Society of America","article-title":"Invasive aspergillus sinusitis in normal hosts: values of adjunctive therapy with interferon \u03b1","author":"Clancy","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.114.2.629_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI110489","article-title":"Selective protection against conidia by mononuclear and against mycelia by polymorphnuclear phagocytes in resistance to Aspergillus: observations of these two lines of defense in vivo and in vitro with human and mouse phagocytes","volume":"69","author":"Schaffner","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.114.2.629_bib44","first-page":"730","article-title":"A genetic defect of granulocyte metabolism in a man with disseminated aspegillosis","volume":"97","author":"Chusid","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Lab Clin Med"}],"container-title":["Chest"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0012369215477542?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0012369215477542?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,1]],"date-time":"2020-05-01T03:23:24Z","timestamp":1588303404000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0012369215477542"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1998,8]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S0012369215477542"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1378\/chest.114.2.629","relation":{},"ISSN":["0012-3692"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0012-3692","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1998,8]]}}}