{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T12:23:41Z","timestamp":1786969421224,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1999,9,1]],"date-time":"1999-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":936144000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Chest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,9]]},"DOI":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,6,14]],"date-time":"2003-06-14T00:09:19Z","timestamp":1055549359000},"page":"792-800","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":81,"title":["Intubation and Mechanical Ventilation for COPD"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"116","author":[{"given":"Robert E.","family":"Dales","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annette","family":"O'Connor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Hebert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Sullivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Douglas","family":"Mc Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hilary","family":"Llewellyn-Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib1","series-title":"Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","first-page":"225","article-title":"The epidemiology of COPD","author":"Redline","year":"1991"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib2","first-page":"88","volume":"4","author":"Statistics Canada","year":"1992","journal-title":"Health reports: causes of death, 1990"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib3","first-page":"32","volume":"4","author":"Statistics Canada","year":"1992","journal-title":"Health reports: hospital morbidity, 1989\u201390"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib4","series-title":"The health consequences of smoking: chronic obstructive lung disease\u2014a report of the Surgeon General","author":"United States Public Health Service","year":"1984"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib5","series-title":"Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","first-page":"443","article-title":"Acute exacerbations in COPD patients","author":"Sherman","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib6","series-title":"Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","first-page":"357","article-title":"Symptoms and signs of COPD","author":"Georgopoulos","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib7","series-title":"Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","first-page":"495","article-title":"Ventilatory management of COPD","author":"Marini","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib8","first-page":"1315","article-title":"COPD: management and rehabilitation","volume":"43","author":"Make","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.95.2.398","article-title":"Determinants of weaning and survival among patients with COPD who require mechanical ventilation for acute respiratory failure","volume":"95","author":"Menzies","year":"1989","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1645","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.94.07091645","article-title":"Survival and prediction of successful ventilator weaning in COPD patients requiring mechanical ventilation for more than 21 days","volume":"7","author":"Nava","year":"1994","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-199103000-00011","article-title":"Patient involvement in health care: a procedural justice viewpoint","volume":"29","author":"Hughes","year":"1991","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.62.1.94","article-title":"Impact of the respiratory intensive care unit on survival of patients with acute respiratory failure","volume":"62","author":"Rogers","year":"1972","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"854","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.104.3.854","article-title":"Severe COPD and acute respiratory failure: correlates for survival at the time of tracheal intubation","volume":"104","author":"Rieves","year":"1993","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/S0147-9563(97)90074-1","article-title":"A qualitative analysis of patients' work during mechanical ventilation and weaning","volume":"26","author":"Logan","year":"1997","journal-title":"Heart Lung"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(92)90110-9","article-title":"Decision making during serious illness: what role do patients really want to play?","volume":"45","author":"Degner","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(92)90052-O","article-title":"The role of health care providers and significant others in evaluating the quality of life of patients with chronic disease: a review","volume":"45","author":"Sprangers","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67S","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(90)90223-C","article-title":"Decision making in support: sentinel decisions","volume":"43","author":"Younger","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1985.tb07135.x","article-title":"The use of quality-of-life considerations in medical decision making","volume":"33","author":"Pearlman","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib19","first-page":"171","article-title":"Physicians in health care management: 7. The patient-physician partnership; changing roles and the desire for information","volume":"151","author":"Deber","year":"1994","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib20","first-page":"316","article-title":"Ethical issues in the intensive care unit","volume":"3","author":"Noseworthy","year":"1990","journal-title":"Med N Am"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib21","series-title":"Ethics on call: taking charge of life-and-death choices in today's health care system","author":"Dubler","year":"1993"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1086\/JCE199304105","article-title":"Do physicians' own preferences for life-sustaining treatment influence their perceptions of patients' preferences?","volume":"4","author":"Schneiderman","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Clin Ethics"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-115-2-92","article-title":"Substituted judgement: how accurate are proxy predictions?","volume":"115","author":"Seckler","year":"1991","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.109.1.258","article-title":"What do physicians tell patients with end-stage COPD about intubation and mechanical ventilation?","volume":"109","author":"Sullivan","year":"1996","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib25","series-title":"Qualitative research analysis: types and software tools","author":"Tesch","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib26","series-title":"Qualitative data analysis: a sourcebook of new methods","author":"Miles","year":"1984"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib27","first-page":"79","article-title":"The Mini Mental-State examination","volume":"8","author":"Clarke","year":"1996","journal-title":"Can J CME"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1665","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.5213.1665","article-title":"Standardized questionnaire on respiratory symptoms","volume":"2","author":"Medical Research Council","year":"1960","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-198807000-00007","article-title":"The MOS short form general health survey: reliability and validity in a patient population","volume":"26","author":"Stewart","year":"1988","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1177\/0272989X9501500105","article-title":"Validation of a decisional conflict scale for patients","volume":"15","author":"O'Connor","year":"1995","journal-title":"Med Decis Making"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib31","first-page":"263","article-title":"The University of Toronto Center for Bioethics Living Will","volume":"9","author":"Singer","year":"1993","journal-title":"Hum Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"M115","DOI":"10.1093\/geronj\/43.5.M115","article-title":"Physicians' and spouses' predictions of elderly patients' resuscitation preferences","volume":"43","author":"Uhlmann","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Gerontol"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(87)90133-0","article-title":"Eliciting preferences for alternative drug therapies in oncology: influence of treatment outcome description, elicitation technique and treatment experience on preferences","volume":"40","author":"O'Connor","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Chronic Dis"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(91)90124-U","article-title":"Patients' willingness to enter clinical trials: measuring the association with perceived benefit and decision making preference","volume":"32","author":"Llewellyn-Thomas","year":"1991","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib35","first-page":"501","article-title":"Patients versus surrogates: whose opinion counts on ethics review panels?","volume":"37","author":"Llewellyn-Thomas","year":"1989","journal-title":"Clin Res"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib36","first-page":"438","article-title":"Breast cancer patients' perceptions of the effectiveness of radiation therapy [abstract]","volume":"14","author":"Palda","year":"1994","journal-title":"Med Decis Making"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1997.15.1.330","article-title":"Trading treatment toxicity for survival in locally and advanced non-small cell lung cancer","volume":"15","author":"Brundage","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1177\/0272989X9801800302","article-title":"Using a treatment trade-off method to elicit preferences for the treatment of locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer","volume":"18","author":"Brundage","year":"1998","journal-title":"Med Decis Making"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1177\/0272989X9501500303","article-title":"Assessing preferences about the DNR order: does it depend on how you ask?","volume":"15","author":"Percy","year":"1995","journal-title":"Med Decis Making"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib40","first-page":"436","article-title":"Cholesterol-lowering medication in primary prevention: do patients \u201cdemand\u201d realistic risk reduction [abstract]?","volume":"14","author":"Llewellyn-Thomas","year":"1994","journal-title":"Med Decis Making"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib41","first-page":"431","article-title":"Antihypertensive medication for primary prevention: are patients' risk reduction requirements realistic [abstract]?","volume":"15","author":"Llewellyn-Thomas","year":"1995","journal-title":"Med Decis Making"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(85)90148-0","article-title":"Improving the efficiency of patients' comprehension monitoring; a way of increasing patients' participation in general practice consultations","volume":"21","author":"Robinson","year":"1985","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.6161.456","article-title":"\u2018Doctors\u2019 orders': controlled trial of supplementary, written information for patients","volume":"1","author":"Ellis","year":"1979","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib44","series-title":"Compliance in health care","author":"Haynes","year":"1979"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1002\/nur.4770040405","article-title":"Distress reduction and the effects of preparatory teaching films and patient control","volume":"4","author":"Padilla","year":"1981","journal-title":"Res Nurs Health"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib46","first-page":"382","article-title":"Preparation for cardiac catheterization: tailoring the content of instruction to coping style","volume":"15","author":"Watkins","year":"1986","journal-title":"Heart Lung"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.37.2.122","article-title":"Self-efficacy mechanism in human agency","volume":"37","author":"Bandura","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am Psychol"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(88)90021-4","article-title":"Offering patients a choice of surgery for early breast cancer: a reduction in anxiety and depression in patients and their husbands","volume":"26","author":"Morris","year":"1988","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1002\/nur.4770010304","article-title":"Altering patients' responses to surgery: an extension and replication","volume":"1","author":"Johnson","year":"1978","journal-title":"Res Nurs Health"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(96)00177-1","article-title":"Framing effects on expectations, decisions and side effects experiences: the case of influenza immunization","volume":"49","author":"O'Connor","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/S0097-5990(16)30531-0","article-title":"Developing shared decision-making programs to improve the quality of health care","volume":"18","author":"Kasper","year":"1992","journal-title":"QRB Qual Rev Bull"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-240X(199710)20:5<377::AID-NUR2>3.0.CO;2-L","article-title":"An educational intervention as decision support for menopausal women","volume":"20","author":"Rothert","year":"1997","journal-title":"Res Nurse Health"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-117-1-53","article-title":"A bedside decision instrument to elicit a patient's preference concerning adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer","volume":"177","author":"Levine","year":"1992","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-198406000-00005","article-title":"Describing health states: methodologic issues in obtaining values for health states","volume":"22","author":"Llewellyn-Thomas","year":"1984","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/S0738-3991(98)00026-3","article-title":"A decision aid for women considering hormone replacement therapy after menopause: decision support framework and evaluation","volume":"33","author":"O'Connor","year":"1998","journal-title":"Patient Educ Couns"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1177\/0272989X9501500105","article-title":"Validation of a decisional conflict scale","volume":"15","author":"O'Connor","year":"1995","journal-title":"Med Decis Making"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1995.00430030116013","article-title":"Race and sex differences in rates of invasive cardiac procedures in US hospitals: data from the National Hospital Discharge Survey","volume":"155","author":"Giles","year":"1995","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2642","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1993.03500200056033","article-title":"Radical differences in the use of revascularization procedures after coronary angiography","volume":"269","author":"Ayanian","year":"1993","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1989.03420020107039","article-title":"Racial inequalities in the use of procedures for patients with ischemic heart disease in Massachusetts","volume":"261","author":"Wenneker","year":"1989","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1016\/S0147-9563(95)80022-0","article-title":"Women's decision to seek care for symptoms of acute myocardial infarction","volume":"24","author":"Dempsey","year":"1995","journal-title":"Heart Lung"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(95)00192-1","article-title":"The household context for women's health care decisions: impacts of UK policy changes","volume":"42","author":"Young","year":"1996","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S362","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/50B.6.S362","article-title":"Women's caregiving: changing profiles and pathways","volume":"50","author":"Robison","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S11","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/51B.1.S11","article-title":"Gender differences in employment behavior during late middle age","volume":"51","author":"Ruhm","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib64","first-page":"691","article-title":"Information needs, sources of information, and decisional roles in women with breast cancer","volume":"23","author":"Bilodeau","year":"1996","journal-title":"Oncol Nurs Forum"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(89)90108-1","article-title":"Chronic respiratory illness and disability: a critical review of the psychosocial literature","volume":"28","author":"Williams","year":"1989","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1991.00400030059010","article-title":"Perceived quality of life and preferences for life-sustaining treatment in older adults","volume":"151","author":"Uhlmann","year":"1991","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1595","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199005313222209","article-title":"When competent patients make irrational choices","volume":"322","author":"Brock","year":"1990","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1993.00410100067010","article-title":"Discussion of preferences for life-sustaining care by persons with AIDS","volume":"153","author":"Haas","year":"1993","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1811","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199611000-00009","article-title":"A prospective study of the impact of patient preference on life-sustaining treatment and hospital cost","volume":"24","author":"Dannis","year":"1996","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.792_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1591","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1995.03530200027032","article-title":"A controlled trial to improve care for seriously ill hospitalized patients: the study to understand prognosis and preferences for outcomes and risks of treatments (SUPPORT)\u2014the SUPPORT Principal Investigators","volume":"274","year":"1995","journal-title":"JAMA"}],"container-title":["Chest"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0012369216353028?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0012369216353028?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,26]],"date-time":"2023-04-26T12:00:37Z","timestamp":1682510437000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0012369216353028"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,9]]},"references-count":70,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0012369216353028"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1378\/chest.116.3.792","relation":{},"ISSN":["0012-3692"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0012-3692","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1999,9]]}}}