{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T03:11:21Z","timestamp":1791342681335,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1999,11,1]],"date-time":"1999-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":941414400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Chest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,11]]},"DOI":"10.1378\/chest.116.5.1339","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,6,13]],"date-time":"2003-06-13T20:09:19Z","timestamp":1055534959000},"page":"1339-1346","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":234,"title":["A Randomized Clinical Trial of Continuous Aspiration of Subglottic Secretions in Cardiac Surgery Patients"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"116","author":[{"given":"Marin H.","family":"Kollef","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikolaos J.","family":"Skubas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thoralf M.","family":"Sundt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.5.1339_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1258","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a115245","article-title":"Hospital-acquired pneumonia: attributable mortality and morbidity","volume":"129","author":"Leu","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.5.1339_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1965","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1993.03510160083034","article-title":"Ventilator-associated pneumonia: a multivariate analysis","volume":"270","author":"Kollef","year":"1993","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.5.1339_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(93)90060-3","article-title":"Nosocomial pneumonia in ventilated patients: a cohort study evaluating attributable mortality and hospital stay","volume":"94","author":"Fagon","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.5.1339_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/23.3.538","article-title":"Mortality due to ventilator-associated pneumonia or colonization with Pseudomonas or Acinetobacter species: assessment by quantitative culture of samples obtained by a protected specimen brush","volume":"23","author":"Fagon","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.5.1339_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1974.00320190108015","article-title":"Pneumonia in an intensive care unit: a 30-month experience","volume":"134","author":"Stevens","year":"1974","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"suppl","key":"10.1378\/chest.116.5.1339_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1S","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.108.2_Supplement.1S","article-title":"Epidemiology of nosocomial pneumonia: new perspectives on an old disease","volume":"108","author":"Craven","year":"1995","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.5.1339_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199902253400807","article-title":"The prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia","volume":"340","author":"Kollef","year":"1999","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.5.1339_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.163.6.7992723","article-title":"Detection of pooled secretions above endotracheal-tube cuffs: value of plain radiographs in sheep cadavers and patients","volume":"163","author":"Greene","year":"1994","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.5.1339_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.108.4.1049","article-title":"Structural features of tracheal tube biofilm formed during prolonged mechanical ventilation","volume":"108","author":"Inglis","year":"1995","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.5.1339_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.150.3.8087352","article-title":"Risk factors and clinical relevance of nosocomial maxillary sinusitis in the critically ill","volume":"150","author":"Rouby","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.5.1339_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.154.1.8680665","article-title":"Pneumonia in intubated patients: role of respiratory airway care","volume":"154","author":"Rello","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.5.1339_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.152.1.7599812","article-title":"Re-intubation increases the risk of nosocomial pneumonia in patients needing mechanical ventilation","volume":"152","author":"Torres","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.5.1339_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01706421","article-title":"Prevention of nosocomial pneumonia in intubated patients: respective role of mechanical subglottic secretions drainage and stress ulcer prophylaxis","volume":"18","author":"Mahul","year":"1992","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.5.1339_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-122-3-199502010-00004","article-title":"Continuous aspiration of subglottic secretions in preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia","volume":"122","author":"Valles","year":"1995","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.5.1339_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-123-3-199508010-00002","article-title":"Mechanical ventilation with or without 7-day circuit changes: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"123","author":"Kollef","year":"1995","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.5.1339_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199504000-00013","article-title":"Weekly ventilator circuit changes: a strategy to reduce costs without affecting pneumonia rates","volume":"82","author":"Hess","year":"1995","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.5.1339_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.156.2.9612083","article-title":"Mechanical ventilation with or without daily changes of in-line suction catheters","volume":"156","author":"Kollef","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.5.1339_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.95.2.398","article-title":"Determinants of weaning and survival among patients with COPD who require mechanical ventilation for acute respiratory failure","volume":"95","author":"Menzies","year":"1989","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.5.1339_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-198510000-00009","article-title":"APACHE II: a severity of disease classification system","volume":"13","author":"Knaus","year":"1985","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.5.1339_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI114733","article-title":"Elevated von Willebrand factor antigen is an early phase predictor of acute lung injury in nonpulmonary sepsis syndrome","volume":"86","author":"Rubin","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"suppl","key":"10.1378\/chest.116.5.1339_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553S","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.102.5_Supplement_1.553S","article-title":"Patient selection for clinical investigation of ventilator-associated pneumonia: criteria for evaluating diagnostic techniques","volume":"102","author":"Pingleton","year":"1992","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.5.1339_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1502","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199709000-00017","article-title":"How to use an article on therapy or prevention: pneumonia prevention using subglottic secretion drainage","volume":"25","author":"Cook","year":"1997","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.5.1339_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.154.1.8680666","article-title":"Mortality of nosocomial pneumonia in ventilated patients: influence of diagnostic tools","volume":"154","author":"Timsit","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.5.1339_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1997.03540320057036","article-title":"Relationship of microbiologic diagnostic criteria to morbidity and mortality in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia","volume":"277","author":"Bregeon","year":"1997","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.5.1339_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.150.2.8049849","article-title":"Invasive diagnostic testing is not needed routinely to manage suspected ventilator-associated pneumonia","volume":"150","author":"Niederman","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.5.1339_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.112.3.666","article-title":"The impact of nosocomial infections on patient outcomes following cardiac surgery","volume":"112","author":"Kollef","year":"1997","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.5.1339_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-122-3-199502010-00013","article-title":"Prevention of hospital-acquired pneumonia: measuring effect in ounces, pounds, and tons","volume":"122","author":"Craven","year":"1995","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.5.1339_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1016\/0196-6553(85)90063-X","article-title":"Cost-effective application of the Centers for Disease Control Guideline for Prevention of Nosocomial Pneumonia","volume":"13","author":"Boyce","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am J Infect Control"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.5.1339_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1177\/0885713X9601100208","article-title":"Utilizing quality assurance as a tool for reducing the risk of nosocomial ventilator-associated pneumonia","volume":"11","author":"Joiner","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Med Qual"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.5.1339_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1016\/0196-6553(93)90390-P","article-title":"An effective continuous quality improvement approach to the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia","volume":"21","author":"Kelleghan","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Infect Control"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.5.1339_bib31","first-page":"457","article-title":"Improving hospital-acquired infection rates: the CDC experience","volume":"22","author":"Gaynes","year":"1996","journal-title":"Jt Comm J Qual Improv"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.5.1339_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-128-9-199805010-00004","article-title":"Noninvasive mechanical ventilation in the weaning of patients with respiratory failure due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized, controlled trial","volume":"128","author":"Nava","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.116.5.1339_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199808133390703","article-title":"A comparison of noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation and conventional mechanical ventilation in patients with acute respiratory failure","volume":"339","author":"Antonelli","year":"1998","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"}],"container-title":["Chest"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0012369215516061?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0012369215516061?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,20]],"date-time":"2019-03-20T16:54:06Z","timestamp":1553100846000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0012369215516061"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,11]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0012369215516061"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1378\/chest.116.5.1339","relation":{},"ISSN":["0012-3692"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0012-3692","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1999,11]]}}}