{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T11:21:01Z","timestamp":1790508061078,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1989,11,1]],"date-time":"1989-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":625881600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Chest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1989,11]]},"DOI":"10.1378\/chest.96.5.984","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,7]],"date-time":"2007-11-07T18:25:26Z","timestamp":1194459926000},"page":"984-987","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":101,"title":["Cholinergic Bronchomotor Tone in COPD"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"96","author":[{"given":"Nicholas J","family":"Gross","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evangeline","family":"Co","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Morton S.","family":"Skorodin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1378\/chest.96.5.984_bib1","first-page":"814","article-title":"IPPB Trial Group. Bronchodilator response in COPD","volume":"133","author":"Anthonisen","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.96.5.984_bib2","first-page":"725","article-title":"COPD, a disease of reversible airways obstruction.","volume":"133","author":"Gross","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.96.5.984_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198408163110701","article-title":"Role of the parasympathetic system in airway obstruction due to emphysema.","volume":"311","author":"Gross","year":"1984","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.96.5.984_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198609183151205","article-title":"A comparison of the bronchodilating effects of a beta-2 adrenergic agent (albuterol) and an anticholinergic agent (ipratropium bromide), given by aerosol alone or in sequence.","volume":"315","author":"Easton","year":"1986","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.96.5.984_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.1164\/arrd.1984.129.5.856","article-title":"Anticholinergic, antimuscarinic bronchodilators.","volume":"129","author":"Gross","year":"1984","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.96.5.984_bib6","first-page":"38","article-title":"The parasympathetic system in airways disease.","volume":"103","author":"Widdicombe","year":"1979","journal-title":"Scand J Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.96.5.984_bib7","series-title":"Physiology and pharmacology of the airways.","first-page":"217","article-title":"Autonomic regulation of airway smooth muscle","author":"Nadel","year":"1980"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.96.5.984_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/136.1.225","article-title":"Standards for the diagnosis and care of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma.","volume":"136","author":"American Thoracic Society","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.96.5.984_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1961.16.4.717","article-title":"Effect of a previous deep inspiration on airway resistance in man.","volume":"16","author":"Nadel","year":"1961","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.96.5.984_bib10","series-title":"Handbook of physiology. vol 3, pt 2","first-page":"753","article-title":"Tests of mechanical function","author":"Anthonisen","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.96.5.984_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"932","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.35.12.932","article-title":"Comparison of inhaled atropine sulfate and atropine methonitrate.","volume":"35","author":"Allen","year":"1980","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.96.5.984_bib12","series-title":"Handbook of physiology. Section 3: The respiratory system, vol 3, pt 1","first-page":"75","article-title":"Morphometry of the airways","author":"Horsfield","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.96.5.984_bib13","series-title":"Handbook of physiology. Section 3: The respiratory system. vol 3, pt 1","first-page":"41","article-title":"Aerodynamic theory","author":"Pedley","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.96.5.984_bib14","first-page":"1171","article-title":"Mechanics of airway narrowing.","volume":"133","author":"Moreno","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"}],"container-title":["Chest"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0012369216351121?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0012369216351121?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,4]],"date-time":"2019-05-04T07:45:51Z","timestamp":1556955951000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0012369216351121"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1989,11]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1989,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0012369216351121"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1378\/chest.96.5.984","relation":{},"ISSN":["0012-3692"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0012-3692","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1989,11]]}}}