{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T21:49:39Z","timestamp":1791150579053,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1990,1,1]],"date-time":"1990-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":631152000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[1990,1,1]],"date-time":"1990-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":631152000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","journal.chestnet.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,1]]},"DOI":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,7]],"date-time":"2007-11-07T13:25:26Z","timestamp":1194441926000},"page":"150-158","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":219,"title":["Ventilatory Muscle Support in Respiratory Failure with Nasal Positive Pressure Ventilation"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"Zev","family":"Carrey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stewart B.","family":"Gottfried","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert D.","family":"Levy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150_bib1","first-page":"270","article-title":"Night ventilation by body ventilators for patients in chronic respiratory failure due to late stage Duchenne muscular dystrophy","volume":"62","author":"Curran","year":"1981","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.32.2.221","article-title":"Cuirass respirator treatment of chronic respiratory failure in scoliotic patients","volume":"32","author":"Wiers","year":"1977","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(81)90761-0","article-title":"Sustained reversal of chronic hypercapnia in patients with alveolar hypoventilation syndromes: long term maintenance with noninvasive nocturnal mechanical ventilation","volume":"70","author":"Garay","year":"1981","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-5231(21)00491-3","article-title":"Intermittent mechanical ventilation","volume":"9","author":"Braun","year":"1988","journal-title":"Clin Chest Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59S","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.85.6_Supplement.59S-a","article-title":"Effect of daily intermittent rest of respiratory muscles in patients with severe chronic airflow limitation (CAL)","volume":"85","author":"Braun","year":"1984","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150_bib6","first-page":"1056","article-title":"Effect of intermittent negative pressure on respiratory muscle function in patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"135","author":"Cropp","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(77)90236-4","article-title":"Diaphragmatic energy expenditure in chronic respiratory failure: the effect of assisted ventilation with body respirators","volume":"63","author":"Rochester","year":"1977","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60S","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.85.6_Supplement.60S","article-title":"Perspective: the respiratory muscles","volume":"85","author":"Macklem","year":"1984","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150_bib9","first-page":"148","article-title":"Treatment of respiratory failure during sleep in patients with neuromuscular disease: positive-pressure ventilation through a nose mask","volume":"135","author":"Ellis","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150_bib10","first-page":"738","article-title":"Nocturnal positive pressure ventilation via nasal mask","volume":"135","author":"Kerby","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150_bib11","first-page":"523","article-title":"Nocturnal ventilation\u2014a new method","volume":"135","author":"Braun","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.92.1.168","article-title":"Intermittent positive pressure ventilation via nasal access in the management of respiratory insufficiency","volume":"92","author":"Bach","year":"1987","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150_bib13","first-page":"A193","article-title":"Noninvasive home IPPV via nasal mask in nocturnal ventilator dependent patients with musculoskeletal disorders: an efficient alternative to tracheostomia","volume":"135","author":"Leger","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.43.5.349","article-title":"Control of nocturnal hypoventilation by nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation","volume":"43","author":"Carroll","year":"1988","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"issue":"Part 2","key":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150_bib15","first-page":"63","article-title":"Acute respiratory failure in COPD patients treated with non-invasive intermittent mechanical ventilation (control mode) with nasal mask","volume":"137","author":"Leger","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1967.22.3.407","article-title":"Measurement of the separate volume changes of rib cage and abdomen during breathing","volume":"22","author":"Konno","year":"1967","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1979.46.1.1","article-title":"Electromyogram pattern of diaphragmatic fatigue","volume":"46","author":"Gross","year":"1979","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1967.22.3.598","article-title":"Quantification of electrical activity of the human diaphragm","volume":"22","author":"Lourenco","year":"1967","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150_bib19","first-page":"788","article-title":"A simple method of assessing the validity of the esophageal balloon technique","volume":"126","author":"Baydur","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150_bib20","series-title":"Statistics in medicine","author":"Colton","year":"1974"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150_bib21","first-page":"A","article-title":"The acute effects of rest on ventilatory muscle function in patients with severe chronic airflow limitation","volume":"26","author":"Rabinovitch","year":"1983","journal-title":"The Physiologist"},{"issue":"Part 2","key":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150_bib22","first-page":"85","article-title":"Reversal of the clinical sequelae of respiratory muscle fatigue by intermittent mechanical ventilation","volume":"125","author":"Marino","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150_bib23","first-page":"1049","article-title":"Reversal of sleep-induced hypoventilation and chronic respiratory failure by nocturnal negative pressure ventilation in patients with restrictive ventilatory impairment","volume":"135","author":"Goldstein","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150_bib24","first-page":"A151","article-title":"Diaphragmatic rest for 8 hours improves diaphragmatic contractility in some normocapnic COPD patients","volume":"135","author":"Gillen","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.92.3.470","article-title":"Assisting ventilation in respiratory failure by negative pressure ventilation and by rocking bed","volume":"92","author":"Goldstein","year":"1987","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/136.1.188","article-title":"Treatment of alveolar hypoventilation in a six-year-old girl with intermittent positive pressure ventilation through a nose mask","volume":"136","author":"Ellis","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150_bib27","series-title":"Handbook of Physiology: the respiratory system, vol III","first-page":"481","article-title":"Respiratory muscle energetics","author":"Roussos","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150_bib28","first-page":"209","article-title":"Postural changes in rib cage and abdominal volume-motion coefficients and their effect on the calibration of a respiratory inductance plethysinograph","volume":"127","author":"Zimmerman","year":"1983","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI108322","article-title":"Diaphragmatic blood flow and energy expenditure in the dog: effects of inspiratory airflow resistance and hypercapnia","volume":"57","author":"Rochester","year":"1976","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-5231(21)00481-0","article-title":"The physiology of spontaneous and mechanical ventilation","volume":"9","author":"Kreit","year":"1988","journal-title":"Clin Chest Med"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/138.1.8","article-title":"Inhibition of inspiratory muscle activity during sleep: chemical and non-chemical influences","volume":"138","author":"Henke","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1196","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1982.53.5.1196","article-title":"Evaluation of human diaphragm fatigue","volume":"53","author":"Bellemare","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150_bib33","series-title":"Respiratory care","first-page":"950","article-title":"Patient monitoring techniques","author":"Fallat","year":"1977"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.87.5.612","article-title":"The inspiratory work of breathing during assisted mechanical ventilation","volume":"87","author":"Marini","year":"1985","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1164\/arrd.1986.134.5.902","article-title":"The inspiratory workload of patient-initiated mechanical ventilation","volume":"134","author":"Marini","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-198807000-00005","article-title":"Optimization of respiratory muscle relaxation during mechanical ventilation","volume":"69","author":"Ward","year":"1988","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150_bib37","first-page":"391","article-title":"Vocal cord closure: a cause of upper airway obstruction during controlled ventilation","volume":"117","author":"Scharf","year":"1978","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150_bib38","first-page":"213","article-title":"Efficiency of negative pressure ventilatory equipment. Proceedings of the British Thoracic Society","volume":"40","author":"Simonds","year":"1985","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.95.1.95","article-title":"Negative pressure ventilation. Effects on ventilation during sleep in normal subjects","volume":"95","author":"Levy","year":"1989","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"Part 2","key":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150_bib40","first-page":"151","article-title":"Effects of nocturnal negative pressure ventilation (NPV) on ventilation and sleep quality in patients with COPD","volume":"137","author":"Levy","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.90.6.897","article-title":"Clinical applications of body ventilators","volume":"90","author":"Hill","year":"1986","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.90.3.430","article-title":"Tracheostomy in the intensive care unit: complications","volume":"90","author":"Heffner","year":"1986","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.67.4.398","article-title":"A prospective study of complications after tracheostomy for assisted ventilation","volume":"67","author":"Dane","year":"1975","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.74.6.635","article-title":"Quantitative tracheal bacteriologic and cytologic studies in patients with long-term tracheostomies","volume":"74","author":"Bartlett","year":"1978","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/S0096-5588(20)30398-6","article-title":"Critically crushed chests. A new method of treatment with continuous mechanical hyperventilation to produce alkalotic apnea and internal pneumatic stabilization","volume":"32","author":"Avery","year":"1956","journal-title":"J Thoracic Surg"},{"key":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150_bib46","first-page":"9","article-title":"The oxygen cost of breathing in patients with cardiorespiratory disease","volume":"126","author":"Field","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"}],"container-title":["Chest"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0012369215406014?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0012369215406014?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]],"date-time":"2025-09-15T07:07:29Z","timestamp":1757920049000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0012369215406014"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1990,1]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0012369215406014"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1378\/chest.97.1.150","relation":{},"ISSN":["0012-3692"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0012-3692","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1990,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Ventilatory Muscle Support in Respiratory Failure with Nasal Positive Pressure Ventilation","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Chest","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1378\/chest.97.1.150","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 1990 The American College of Chest Physicians. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}