{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T13:05:19Z","timestamp":1793797519850,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Veterinary World","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,2]],"date-time":"2019-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1562025600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,2]],"date-time":"2019-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1562025600000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,2]],"date-time":"2019-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1562025600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vet World"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Aim: The work aimed at studying the serological and clinical factors, as well as the risk factors of the Newcastle disease (ND) on broilers herds in Algeria. Materials and Methods: A sample of 1248 birds was randomly selected from 52 broiler flocks. We took blood samples from each bird at the level of the wing vein area where an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique was carried out through the use of an IDvet kit. Results: The flocks showed 82.69% of seroprevalence. Clinically speaking, the most common symptoms were sneezing, rale, greenish diarrhea, torticollis, and motor discords. Most commonly observed postmortem lesions were the proventriculitis, tracheitis, and enteritis. Especially, the caeca are hemorrhagic. The scores show the effect of risk factors. There was a significant effect on the mortality, the hygiene and vaccination groups on antibody titers in time 2. The antibody titers were elevated in the herd that recorded a high mortality (more than 10%) compared with those which recorded a low mortality (&lt;10%) (p=0.002). Therefore, the antibody titers were elevated in herds with bad hygiene, compared with the ones with good hygiene (p=0.04). At last, when broiler chicken were not boosted by ND vaccine, flocks appeared to be more seropositive (p=0.02). Conclusion: The serological survey conducted in this study provided an important scope for ND as a dominant viral disease in broilers. Many factors are responsible for the onset of these diseases; correct biosecurity measures are needed to reduce the impact of this pathology in poultry farms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.14202\/vetworld.2019.938-944","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,2]],"date-time":"2019-07-02T12:25:13Z","timestamp":1562070313000},"page":"938-944","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Serological, clinical, and risk factors of the Newcastle disease on broilers flocks in Algeria"],"prefix":"10.14202","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Chafik Redha","family":"Messa\u00ef","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Food Hygiene and Quality Insurance System, High National Veterinary School, Algiers, Algeria."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omar","family":"Salhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Food Hygiene and Quality Insurance System, High National Veterinary School, Algiers, Algeria."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Djamel","family":"khelef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Food Hygiene and Quality Insurance System, High National Veterinary School, Algiers, Algeria."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aziz","family":"Lounas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biotechnology Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Institute of Veterinary Sciences, Blida, Algeria."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdellah","family":"Mohamed-Cherif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Food Hygiene and Quality Insurance System, High National Veterinary School, Algiers, Algeria."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachid","family":"Kaidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biotechnology Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Institute of Veterinary Sciences, Blida, Algeria."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khatima","family":"A\u00eft-Oudhia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Food Hygiene and Quality Insurance System, High National Veterinary School, Algiers, Algeria."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"5308","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref0","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ban-Bo, B.A., Kebkiba, B. and Nadjilem, D. (2013) Factors favoring the emergence of the Newcastle disease in Chad. J. Appl. Biosci., 70(10 ): 5591-5598.","DOI":"10.4314\/jab.v70i1.98760"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hasan, R.A.K., Ali, M.H., Siddique, M.P., Rahman, M. and Islam, M.A. (2010) Clinical and laboratory diagnoses of the Newcastle disease and infectious bursal diseases of chickens. Bangladesh J. Vet. Med., 8(2): 131-140.","DOI":"10.3329\/bjvm.v8i2.11196"},{"key":"ref2","unstructured":"Pazhanivel, N., Balsubramaniam, G.A., George, V.T. and Mohan, B. (2002) Study of the natural outbreak of the Newcastle disease in and around Namakkal. Indian Vet. J., 79(3): 293-294."},{"key":"ref3","unstructured":"Mohammed, M.H., Zahid, A.A.H., Kadhim, L.I. and Hasoon, M.F. (2013) Conventional and molecular detection of the Newcastle disease and infectious bursal disease in chickens. J. Worlds Poult. Res., 3(1): 5-12."},{"key":"ref4","unstructured":"Auvigne, V., Gibaud, S., L\u00e9ger, L., Malher, X., Currie, R. and Riggi, A. (2013) A longitudinal study of the incidence of avian infectious bronchitis in France via the use of strain-specific haemagglutination inhibition tests and cluster analysis. Rev. M\u00e9d. V\u00e9t., 164(8-9): 417-424."},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Desingu, P.A., Singh, S.D., Dhama, K., VinodhKumar, O.R., Singh, R. and Singh, R.K. (2014) Development of slide ELISA (SELISA) for detection of four poultry viral pathogens by direct heat fixation of viruses on the glass slides. J. Virol. Methods, 209(2014): 76-81.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2014.08.010"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Roohani, K., Tan, S.W., Yeap, S.K., Ideris, A., Bejo, M.H. and Omar, A.R. (2015) Characterization of genotype VII newcastle disease virus (NDV) previously isolated from NDV vaccinated chickens, and the efficacy of LaSota and recombinant genotype VII vaccines against challenge with velogenic NDV. J. Vet. Sci., 16(4): 447-457.","DOI":"10.4142\/jvs.2015.16.4.447"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bello, M.B., Yusoff, K., Ideris, A., Bejo, M.H., Peeters, B.P.H. and Omar, A.R. (2018) Diagnostic and vaccination approaches for the newcastle disease virus in poultry: The current and emerging perspectives. Biomed. Res. Int., 2018 : 1-18.","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/7278459"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Alsahami, A., Ideris, A., Omar, A., Ramanoon, S.Z. and Sadiq, M.B. (2018) Seroprevalence of the newcastle disease virus in backyard chickens and herd-level risk factors of Newcastle disease in poultry farms in Oman. Int. J. Vet. Sci. Med., 6(2): 186-191.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijvsm.2018.06.004"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Abdi, R.D., Amsalu, K., Merera, O., Asfaw, Y., Gelaye, E., Yami, M. and Sori, T. (2016) Serological response and protection level evaluation in chickens exposed to grains coated with I2 newcastle disease virus for effective oral vaccination of a village chickens. BMC Vet. Res., 12(1): 150-161.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-016-0785-6"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yune, N. and Abdela, N. (2017) Update on epidemiology, diagnosis and control technique of Newcastle disease. J. Vet. Sci. Technol., 8(2 ): 429.","DOI":"10.4172\/2157-7579.1000429"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Damena, D., Fusaro, A., Sombo, M., Belaineh, R., Heidari, A., Kebede, A., Kidane, M. and Chaka, H. (2016) Characterization of newcastle disease virus isolates obtained from outbreak cases in commercial chickens and wild pigeons in Ethiopia. Springerplus, 5(467): 1-8.","DOI":"10.1186\/s40064-016-2114-8"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Van den Berg, T.P., Eterradossi, N., Toquin, D. and Meulemans, G. (2000) Infectious bursal disease (Gumboro disease). Rev. Sci. Tech., 19(2): 527-543.","DOI":"10.20506\/rst.19.2.1227"},{"key":"ref13","unstructured":"Alexander, D.J., Bell, J.G. and Alders, R.G. (2004) A Technology Review: Newcastle Disease with Special Emphasis on its Effect on a Village Chickens. FAO Animal Production and Health Paper, No. 161, Rome. p63."},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gupta, S.K., Deb, R., Dey, S. and Chellappa, M.M. (2014) Toll-like receptor-based adjuvants enhancing the immune response to vaccines against infectious diseases of the chicken. Expert Rev. Vaccines, 13(7): 909-925.","DOI":"10.1586\/14760584.2014.920236"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Banerjee, M., Reed, W., Fitzgerald, S.D. and Paniger, B. (1994) Neurotropic, velogenic Newcastle disease in cormorants in Michigan: Pathology and virus characterization. Avian Dis., 38(4): 873-878.","DOI":"10.2307\/1592127"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Brown, V.R. and Bevins, S.N. (2017) A review of virulent newcastle disease viruses in the United States and the role of wild birds in viral persistence and spread. Vet. Res., 48(68): 1-15.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13567-017-0475-9"},{"key":"ref17","unstructured":"De Oliveira Torres Carrasco, A., Cardoso, G.M., Peres, J.A., Werther, K., Morais, M.V.A., Alves, M.H., Seki, M.C., Thomazelli, L.M. and Durigon, E.L. (2018) Immunological and molecular evaluation of the newcastle disease virus in tissue specimens from free-living birds. J. Vet. Med. Res., 5(5): 1137-1146."},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Brar, R.S., Leishangthem, G.D., Gadhave, P.D., Singh, N.D., Banga, H.S., Mahajan, V. and Sodhi, S. (2017) Diagnosis of the Newcastle disease in broiler by histopathology and immunohistochemistry. Indian J. Vet. Pathol., 41(1): 60-62.","DOI":"10.5958\/0973-970x.2017.00014.1"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Crespo, R., Shivaprasad, H.L., Woolcock, P.R., Chin, R.P., Davidson-York, D. and Tarbell, R. (1999) Exotic Newcastle disease in a game chicken flock. Avian Dis., 43(2): 349-355.","DOI":"10.2307\/1592629"},{"key":"ref20","unstructured":"Talha, A.F.S., Hossain, M.M., Chowdhury, E.H., Bari, A.S.M., Islam, M.R. and Das, P.M. (2001) Poultry diseases occurring in Mymensingh district of Bangladesh. Bangladesh Vet., 18(1): 20-23."},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alexander, D.J. (2000) Newcastle disease and other avian paramyxoviruses. Rev. Sci. Tech., 19(2): 443-462.","DOI":"10.20506\/rst.19.2.1231"},{"key":"ref22","unstructured":"Gowthaman, V., Singh, S.D., Barathidasan, R., Ayanur, A. and Dhama, K. (2013) Natural outbreak of the Newcastle disease in Turkish and Japanese quails housed along with chicken in a multi-species poultry farm in Northern India. Adv. Anim. Vet. Sci., 1(3): 17-20."},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Selim, K.M., Selim, A., Arafa, A., Hussein, H.A. and Elsanousi, A.A. (2018) Molecular characterization of the full fusion protein (F) of the newcastle disease virus genotype VII previously isolated from Egypt during 2012-2016. Vet. World, 11(7): 930-938.","DOI":"10.14202\/vetworld.2018.930-938"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Aldous, E.W. and Alexander, D.J. (2001) Detection and differentiation of the newcastle disease virus (avian paramyxovirus Type 1). Avian Pathol., 30(2): 117-128.","DOI":"10.1080\/03079450120044515"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Dortmans, J.C., Peeters, B.P. and Koch, G. (2012) The newcastle disease virus outbreaks: Vaccine mismatch or inadequate application? Vet. Microbiol., 160(1): 17-22.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2012.05.003"},{"key":"ref26","unstructured":"Ghaniei, A. and Mohammadzadeh, N. (2012) Detection of the newcastle disease virus antibodies in serum of broiler chickens of Iran. J. Anim. Poult. Sci., 1(1): 24-28."},{"key":"ref27","unstructured":"Burridge, M.J., Riemann, H.P., Utterback, W.W. and Sharman, E.C. (1975) The Newcastle disease epidemic in Southern California, 1971-1973: Descriptive epidemiology and effects of vaccination on the eradication program. Proc. Annu. Meet. U. S. Anim. Health Assoc., 79 : 324-333."},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Miller, P.J. and Koch, G. (2013) The Newcastle disease, other avian paramyxoviruses, and avian metapneumovirus infections. In: Swayne, D.E., Glisson, J.R., McDougald, L.R., Nolan, L.K., Suarez, D.L. and Nair, V., editor. Diseases of Poultry. 13th ed. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., Ames. p87-138.","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119421481.ch3"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mayers, J., Mansfield, K.L. and Brown, I.H. (2017) The role of vaccination in risk mitigation and the control of the Newcastle disease in poultry. Vaccine, 35(44): 5974-5980.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2017.09.008"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Darrell, R., Kapczynski, D.R. and King, D.J. (2005) Protection of the chickens against overt clinical disease and determination of viral shedding following vaccination with commercially available newcastle disease virus vaccines upon challenge with highly virulent virus from the California 2002 exotic Newcastle disease outbreak. Vaccine, 23(26): 3424-3433.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2005.01.140"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Orajaka, L.J.E., Adene, D.F., Anene, B.M. and Onuoha, E.A. (1999) The seroprevalence of the Newcastle disease in local chickens from Southeast derived savannah zone of Nigeria. Rev. Elev. Med. Vet. Pays Trop., 52(3-4): 185-188.","DOI":"10.19182\/remvt.9661"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bulbule, N.R., Madale, D.S., Meshram, C.D., Pardeshi, R.B. and Chawak, M.M. (2015) Virulence of newcastle disease virus and diagnostic challenges. Adv. Anim. Vet. Sci., 3(5): 14-21.","DOI":"10.14737\/journal.aavs\/2015\/3.5s.14.21"},{"key":"ref33","unstructured":"Markos, T. and Abdela, N. (2016) Epidemiology and the economic importance of pullorum disease in poultry: A review. Glob. Vet., 17(3): 228-237."}],"container-title":["Veterinary World"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.veterinaryworld.org\/Vol.12\/July-2019\/2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.veterinaryworld.org\/Vol.12\/July-2019\/2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.veterinaryworld.org\/Vol.12\/July-2019\/2.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,22]],"date-time":"2022-09-22T18:56:17Z","timestamp":1663872977000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.veterinaryworld.org\/Vol.12\/July-2019\/2.html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"references-count":34,"issue-title":["July-2019"],"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,2]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14202\/vetworld.2019.938-944","relation":{},"ISSN":["2231-0916","0972-8988"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2231-0916","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0972-8988","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]}}}