{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T08:42:07Z","timestamp":1790671327163,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Veterinary World","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,3]],"date-time":"2020-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580688000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":33,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,3]],"date-time":"2020-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580688000000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":33,"URL":"http:\/\/veterinaryworld.org\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,3]],"date-time":"2020-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580688000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":33,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vet World"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Aim: Brucellosis caused by bacteria belongs to the genus Brucella is an important zoonosis and constitutes a serious public health hazard worldwide including India. The present study aimed to estimate the knowledge of veterinarians on brucellosis, its public health threat, diagnosis, and vaccination.\n\nMaterials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted during 2013-2015 and 453 veterinarians representing 11 states\/Union Territories (UT) of India (Assam, Tripura, Meghalaya, Goa, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Delhi, Jammu and Kashmir, Tamil Nadu, and Punjab) were interviewed using self-administered questionnaire.\n\nResults: Out of 453 veterinarians, 71.74% stated handling of the animals on day-to-day basis and 28.25% were engaged in administration activities. The veterinarians ranked foot-and-mouth disease and brucellosis at the first and fourth ranks among the list of ten economic impacted diseases in the country. A significant association was observed between laboratory confirmation with those who handled brucellosis-suspected cases (p=0.000). Similarly, significant association was noted for the availability of vials\/slides (p=0.114), vacutainers (p=0.008), icebox (p=0.103), and refrigerator (p=0.106) for those who preferred laboratory diagnosis. Only 20% of the veterinarians recommended vaccination against bovine brucellosis, and 17% obtained laboratory confirmation for the brucellosis-suspected cases.\n\nConclusion: The study highlighted the need for awareness programs, laboratory facilities, veterinary doctors, and protective measures for the veterinarians for combating brucellosis through the control program in the country.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.14202\/vetworld.2020.222-230","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,3]],"date-time":"2020-02-03T02:36:32Z","timestamp":1580697392000},"page":"222-230","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Perceptions and preparedness of veterinarians to combat brucellosis through Brucellosis Control Programme in India"],"prefix":"10.14202","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"R.","family":"Shome","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Nagalingam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Priya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Sahay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Kalleshamurthy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying, Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India, Krishi Bhavan, New Delhi, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. G.","family":"Bambal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying, Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India, Krishi Bhavan, New Delhi, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Livestock Research Institute, New Delhi, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B. R.","family":"Shome","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"5308","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref0","unstructured":"Kuldeep, D., Sandip, C., Ruchi, T., Verma, A.K., Mani, S., Malik, Y.S., Nikousefat, Z., Javdani, M. and Khan, R.U. (2014) A concept paper on novel technologies boosting production and safeguarding health of humans and animals. Res. Opin. Anim. Vet. Sci., 4(7): 353-370."},{"key":"ref1","unstructured":"Corbel, M.J. (2006) Brucellosis in Humans and Animals. World Health Organization, Paris. Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/csr\/resources\/publications\/Brucellosis.pdf. Retrieved on 10-08-2019."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sohn, A.H., Probert, W.S., Glaser, C.A., Gupta, N., Bollen, A.W., Wong, J.D., Grace, E.M. and McDonald, W.C. (2003) Human neurobrucellosis with intracerebral granuloma caused by a marine mammal Brucella spp. Emerg. Infect. Dis., 9(4): 485-488.","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0904.020576"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"McDonald, W.L., Jamaludin, R., Mackereth, G., Hansen, M., Humphrey, S., Short, P., Taylor, T., Swingler, J., Dawson, C.E., Whatmore, A.M. and Stubberfield, E. (2006) Characterization of a Brucella sp. strain as a marine-mammal type despite isolation from a patient with spinal osteomyelitis in New Zealand. J. Clin. Microbiol., 44(12): 4363-4370.","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.00680-06"},{"key":"ref4","unstructured":"Sharma, R.K., Kumar, A., Thapliyal, D.C. and Singh, S.P. (2003) Sero-epidemiology of brucellosis in bovines. Indian J. Anim. Sci., 73(11): 1235-1237."},{"key":"ref5","unstructured":"Radostits, O.M., Gay, C.C., Hinchcliff, K.W. and Constable, P.D. (2007) A textbook of the diseases of cattle, horses, sheep, pigs and goats. Vet. Med., 10: 2045-2050."},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Shome, R., Triveni, K., Shankaranarayana, P.B., Giribattanvar, P., Chandrashekar, N., Nagalingam, M., Shome, B.R., Kumar, A., Barbuddhe, S.B. and Rahman, H. (2017) Prevalence and risk factors of brucellosis among veterinary health care professionals. Pathog. Glob. Health, 111(5): 234-239.","DOI":"10.1080\/20477724.2017.1345366"},{"key":"ref7","unstructured":"Smits, H.L. and Kadri, S.M. (2005) Brucellosis in India: A deceptive infectious disease. Indian J. Med. Res., 122(5): 375-384."},{"key":"ref8","unstructured":"World Health Organization. (2006) The Control of Neglected Zoonotic Diseases: A Route to Poverty Alleviation: Report of a Joint WHO (No. WHO\/SDE\/FOS\/2006.1). World Health Organization, Geneva."},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Franc, K.A., Krecek, R.C., H\u00e4sler, B.N. and Arenas-Gamboa, A.M. (2018) Brucellosis remains a neglected disease in the developing world: A call for interdisciplinary action. BMC Public Health, 18(1): 125.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-017-5016-y"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Renukaradhya, G.J., Isloor, S. and Rajasekhar, M. (2002) Epidemiology, zoonotic aspects, vaccination and control\/eradication of brucellosis in India. Vet. Microbiol., 90(1-4): 183-195.","DOI":"10.1016\/s0378-1135(02)00253-5"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Singh, B.B., Dhand, N.K. and Gill, J.P.S. (2015) Economic losses occurring due to brucellosis in Indian livestock populations. Prev. Vet. Med., 119(3-4): 211-215.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2015.03.013"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Singh, B.B., Khatkar, M.S., Aulakh, R.S., Gill, J.P.S. and Dhand, N.K. (2018) Estimation of the health and economic burden of human brucellosis in India. Prev. Vet. Med., 154: 148-155.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2018.03.023"},{"key":"ref13","unstructured":"Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries DAHD and F. (2012) Basic Animal Husbandry and Fisheries Statistics. Government of India. Available from: http:\/\/www.dahd.nic.in\/dahd\/WriteReadData\/Livestock.pdf. Retrieved on 23-02-2015."},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lindahl, E., Sattorov, N., Boqvist, S. and Magnusson, U. (2015) A study of knowledge, attitudes and practices relating to brucellosis among small-scale dairy farmers in an urban and peri-urban area of Tajikistan. PloS One, 10(2): e0117318.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0117318"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Patel, M.D., Patel, P.R., Prajapati, M.G., Kanani, A.N., Tyagi, K.K. and Fulsoundar, A.B. (2014) Prevalence and risk factor\u2019s analysis of bovine brucellosis in peri-urban areas under intensive system of production in Gujarat, India. Vet. World, 7(7): 509-516.","DOI":"10.14202\/vetworld.2014.509-516"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Aulakh, H.K., Patil, P.K., Sharma, S., Kumar, H., Mahajan, V. and Sandhu, K.S. (2008) A study on the epidemiology of bovine brucellosis in Punjab (India) using milk-ELISA. Acta Vet. Brno, 77(3): 393-399.","DOI":"10.2754\/avb200877030393"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"OIE: World Organization for Animal Health. (2016) Brucellosis (Brucella abortus, B. melitensis and B. suis) (Infection with B. abortus, B. melitensis and B. suis). (NB: Version Adopted in May 2016). Ch. 2.1.4. OIE, Paris, France. p1-35.","DOI":"10.20506\/rst.32.1.2187"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Shome, R., Triveni, K., Padmashree, B. S., Sahay, S., Krithiga, N., Shome, B. R. and  Rahman, H. (2015) Spatial distribution of brucellosis in small ruminants of India using indigenously developed ELISA kit. J of Pure and Appl. Microbiol., 9(3): 2285-2291.","DOI":"10.1016\/s2222-1808(16)61153-2"},{"key":"ref19","unstructured":"Sandhu, K.S., Filla, G., Sharma, D.R., Dhand, K.N., Singh, J. and Saini, S.S. (2001) Prevalence of brucellosis among dairy animals of Punjab. Indian J. Comp. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. Dis., 22(2): 160-161."},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Shome, R., Padmashree, B.S., Krithiga, N., Triveni, K., Sahay, S., Shome, B.R., Singh, P. and Rahman, H. (2014) Bovine brucellosis in organized farms of India-an assessment of diagnostic assays and risk factors. Adv. Anim. Vet. Sci., 2(10): 557-564.","DOI":"10.14737\/journal.aavs\/2014\/2.10.557.564"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zadon, S. and Sharma, N.S. (2015) Seroprevalence of bovine brucellosis in different agro-climatic regions of Punjab. Asian J. Anim. Vet. Adv., 10(10): 577-583.","DOI":"10.3923\/ajava.2015.577.583"},{"key":"ref22","unstructured":"Nicoletti, P. (1980) The epidemiology of bovine brucellosis. In: Brandly, C.A. and Cornelius, C.E., editors. Advances in Veterinary Science and Comparative Medicine. Academic Press, London. p69-98."},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yohannes, M. and Gill, J.P.S. (2011) Seroepidemiological survey of human brucellosis in and around Ludhiana, India. Emerg. Health Threats J., 4(1): 7361.","DOI":"10.3402\/ehtj.v4i0.7361"},{"key":"ref24","unstructured":"Govindaraj, G., Nagalingam, M., Nethrayini, K.R., Shalini, R., Shome, R., Bambal, R. G., Sairiwal, L. and Rahman, H. (2016) Assessment of brucellosis knowledge, attitude and practice among veterinarians in India. J. Expt. Biol. Agric. Sci., 4(3): 83-94."},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Govindaraj, G., Ganeshkumar, B., Nethrayini, K.R., Shalini, R., Balamurugan, V., Pattnaik, B. and Rahman, H. (2017) Farm community impacts of foot\u2010and\u2010mouth disease outbreaks in cattle and buffaloes in Karnataka state, India. Transbound. Emerg. Dis., 64(3): 849-860.","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.12450"}],"container-title":["Veterinary World"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.veterinaryworld.org\/Vol.13\/February-2020\/1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.veterinaryworld.org\/Vol.13\/February-2020\/1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.veterinaryworld.org\/Vol.13\/February-2020\/1.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,30]],"date-time":"2020-11-30T12:04:18Z","timestamp":1606737858000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.veterinaryworld.org\/Vol.13\/February-2020\/1.html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"references-count":26,"issue-title":["February-2020"],"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,3]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14202\/vetworld.2020.222-230","relation":{},"ISSN":["2231-0916","0972-8988"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2231-0916","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0972-8988","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020]]}}}