{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T10:45:14Z","timestamp":1781865914726,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Veterinary World","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,22]],"date-time":"2022-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661126400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,22]],"date-time":"2022-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661126400000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,22]],"date-time":"2022-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661126400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vet World"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Aim: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic, painful, degenerative inflammatory disease of the synovial joints. Regular use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to decrease OA pain can have severe side effects, such as gastric irritation, ulcers, and heart problems. Natural products are extensively used to minimize OA-associated pain and inflammatory reactions. Lilium lancifolium is commonly used to alleviate several diseases through its anti-inflammatory effects. This study examined the impact of L. lancifolium extract on alleviating pain and inflammation associated with articular cartilage damage.\n\nMaterials and Methods: Hydro-ethanol extracts of the L. lancifolium bulb were used. The experimental animals (adult beagle dogs) were divided into four groups: sham, which received neither treatment nor surgery; placebo, which received an empty gelatin capsule; glucosamine, which received glutamine (60 mg\/kg); and L. lancifolium, which received an L. lancifolium extract-filled (60 mg\/kg) gelatin capsule for 8 weeks. OA was induced by an expert orthopedic surgeon in 2-year-old dogs through resection of cranial cruciate ligament and lateral collateral ligament. Inflammatory cytokines, enzymes, lameness score, radiology, and histological changes were assessed.\n\nResults: Our experiments showed that long-term oral therapy with L. lancifolium alleviated inflammation and increased histological damage. L. lancifolium treatment effectively reduced cytokines, such as interleukin-6, metalloproteinase-9, leukotriene-4, prostaglandin, and cyclo-oxygenase in dogs with OA, suggesting the potential to minimize inflammatory reactions in OA. L. lancifolium showed anti-inflammatory qualities in dogs with OA. This effect was comparable with that of glucosamine OA treatment.\n\nConclusion: L. lancifolium supplementation represents a possible therapeutic and management option in this model of OA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.14202\/vetworld.2022.2012-2020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,22]],"date-time":"2022-08-22T13:07:45Z","timestamp":1661173665000},"page":"2012-2020","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Long-term intake of Lilium lancifolium mitigated osteoarthritic effects by suppressing inflammatory cytokines in a dog model"],"prefix":"10.14202","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5270-4438","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeong-Hwi","family":"Cho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"R&D Division, HUVET Co. Ltd., Iksan-si 54531, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3996-3202","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yang-Gyu","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R&D Division, HUVET Co. Ltd., Iksan-si 54531, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4287-5302","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jinyoung","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R&D Division, HUVET Co. Ltd., Iksan-si 54531, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8650-8117","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gareeballah Osman","family":"Adam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R&D Division, HUVET Co. Ltd., Iksan-si 54531, Republic of Korea; Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery College of Veterinary Medicine, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Hilat Kuku, Khartoum 11311, Sudan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6909-6408","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eun-Myeong","family":"Ju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R&D Division, HUVET Co. Ltd., Iksan-si 54531, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2552-8023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ho","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Wonkwang Health Science University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4712-8055","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hong-Geun","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R&D Division, HUVET Co. Ltd., Iksan-si 54531, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"5308","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Martinez, S.A. (1997) Congenital conditions that lead to osteoarthritis in the dog. Vet. Clin. North Am. Small Anim. Pract., 27(4): 735\u2013758.","DOI":"10.1016\/s0195-5616(97)50078-7"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Martinez, S.A. and Coronado, G.S. (1997) Acquired conditions that lead to osteoarthritis in the dog. Vet. Clin. North Am. Small Anim. Pract., 27(4): 759\u2013775.","DOI":"10.1016\/s0195-5616(97)50079-9"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Philippe, L., Gegout-Pottie, P., Guingamp, C., Bordji, K., Terlain, B., Netter, P. and Gillet, P. (1997) Relations between functional, inflammatory, and degenerative parameters during adjuvant arthritis in rats. Am. J. Physiol., 273(4): R1550\u20131556.","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.1997.273.4.r1550"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"So, J.S., Song, M.K., Kwon, H.K., Lee, C.G., Chae, C.S., Sahoo, A., Jash, A., Lee, S.H., Park, Z.Y. and Im, S.H. (2011) Lactobacillus casei enhances Type II collagen\/glucosamine-mediated suppression of inflammatory responses in experimental osteoarthritis. Life Sci., 88(7\u20138): 358\u2013366.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2010.12.013"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Michael, J.W., Schluter-Brust, K.U. and Eysel, P. (2010) The epidemiology, etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee. Dtsch. Arztebl. Int., 107(9): 152\u2013162.","DOI":"10.3238\/arztebl.2010.0152"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Calich, A.L., Domiciano, D.S. and Fuller, R. (2010) Osteoarthritis: Can anti-cytokine therapy play a role in treatment? Clin. Rheumatol., 29(5): 451\u2013455.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-009-1352-3"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wojdasiewicz, P., Poniatowski, L.A. and Szukiewicz, D. (2014) The role of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. Mediators Inflamm., 2014 (1): 561459\u2013561477.","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/561459"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Paster, E.R., LaFond, E., Biery, D.N., Iriye, A., Gregor, T.P., Shofer, F.S. and Smith, G.K. (2005) Estimates of prevalence of hip dysplasia in golden retrievers and rottweilers and the influence of bias on published prevalence figures. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc., 226(3): 387\u2013392.","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2005.226.387"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Smith, G.K., Paster, E.R., Powers, M.Y., Lawler, D.F., Biery, D.N., Shofer, F.S., McKelvie, P.J. and Kealy, R.D. (2006) Lifelong diet restriction and radiographic evidence of osteoarthritis of the hip joint in dogs. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc., 229(5): 690\u2013693.","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.229.5.690"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Aragon, C.L., Hofmeister, E.H. and Budsberg, S.C. (2007) Systematic review of clinical trials of treatments for osteoarthritis in dogs. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc., 230(4): 514\u2013521.","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.230.4.514"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Moreau, M., Rialland, P., Pelletier, J.P., Martel-Pelletier, J., Lajeunesse, D., Boileau, C., Caron, J., Frank, D., Lussier, B., del Castillo, J.R., Beauchamp, G., Gauvin, D., Bertaim, T., Thibaud, D. and Troncy, E. (2011) Tiludronate treatment improves structural changes and symptoms of osteoarthritis in the canine anterior cruciate ligament model. Arthritis Res. Ther., 13(3): 1\u201313.","DOI":"10.1186\/ar3373"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Henrotin, Y., Sanchez, C. and Balligand, M. (2005) Pharmaceutical and nutraceutical management of canine osteoarthritis: Present and future perspectives. Vet. J., 170(1): 113\u2013123.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2004.08.014"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mobasheri, A. and Henrotin, Y. (2010) Identification, validation and qualification of biomarkers for osteoarthritis in humans and companion animals: Mission for the next decade. Vet. J., 185(2): 95\u201397.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2010.05.026"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gigante, A. and Callegari, L. (2011) The role of intra-articular hyaluronan (Synovial) in the treatment of osteoarthritis. Rheumatol. Int., 31(4): 427\u2013444.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-010-1660-6"},{"key":"ref14","unstructured":"Innes, J., Tobias, K. and Johnston, S. (2018) Veterinary Surgery: Small Animal. Elsevier Saunders, St. Louis. p1265\u20131299."},{"key":"ref15","unstructured":"Marcum, Z.A. and Hanlon, J.T. (2010) Recognizing the risks of chronic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use in older adults. Ann. Longterm Care, 18(9): 24\u201327."},{"key":"ref16","unstructured":"K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7, N. and Kozac\u0131, L.D. (2016) Effects of flunixin meglumine, diclofenac sodium, metamizole sodium and carprofen on oxidative stress in rats subjected to laparotomy. F.\u00dc. Sa\u011f. Bil. Vet. Derg., 30(2): 75\u201378."},{"key":"ref17","unstructured":"Erpek, S., Kilic, N., Kozaci, D., Dikicioglu, E. and Kavak, T. (2006) Effects of flunixin meglumine, diclofenac sodium and metamizole sodium on experimental wound healing in rats. Rev. Med. Vet., 157(4): 185\u2013192."},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zeng, G.Q., Chen, A.B., Li, W., Song, J.H. and Gao, C.Y. (2015) High MMP-1, MMP-2, and MMP-9 protein levels in osteoarthritis. Genet. Mol. Res., 14(4): 14811\u201314822.","DOI":"10.4238\/2015.november.18.46"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Milaras, C., Lepetsos, P., Dafou, D., Potoupnis, M. and Tsiridis, E. (2021) Association of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) gene polymorphisms with knee osteoarthritis: A review of the literature. Cureus, 13(10): e18607.","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.18607"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Park, T.Y., Seo, K.S., Choi, S. and Yun, K.W. (2014) Chemical constituents of bulb of Lilium lancifolium thunberg and lilium tsingtauense gilg. Korean J. Plant Res., 27(2): 125\u2013132.","DOI":"10.7732\/kjpr.2014.27.2.125"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kwon, O.K., Lee, M.Y., Yuk, J.E., Oh, S.R., Chin, Y.W., Lee, H.K. and Ahn, K.S. (2010) Anti-inflammatory effects of methanol extracts of the root of Lilium lancifolium on LPS-stimulated Raw264.7 cells. J. Ethnopharmacol., 130(1): 28\u201334.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2010.04.002"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lee, E., Yun, N., Jang, Y.P. and Kim, J. (2013) Lilium lancifolium Thunb. Extract attenuates pulmonary inflammation and air space enlargement in a cigarette smoke-exposed mouse model. J. Ethnopharmacol., 149(1): 148\u2013156.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.06.014"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Xu, Z., Wang, H., Wang, B., Fu, L., Yuan, M., Liu, J., Zhou, L. and Ding, C. (2016) Characterization and antioxidant activities of polysaccharides from the leaves of Lilium lancifolium Thunb. Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 92 (1): 148\u2013155.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2016.07.028"},{"key":"ref24","unstructured":"Kim, J., Kim, J.Y., Jeong, J.W., Choi, I.d., Park, S.D., Lee, J.L. and Sim, J.H. (2020) Potential of Lilium lancifolium in alleviating pain and inflammation in a rat model of monosodium iodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis. Korean J. Plant Res., 33(6): 638\u2013644."},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Edamura, K., King, J.N., Seewald, W., Sakakibara, N. and Okumura, M. (2012) Comparison of oral robenacoxib and carprofen for the treatment of osteoarthritis in dogs: A randomized clinical trial. J. Vet. Med. Sci., 74(9): 1121\u20131131.","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.11-0529"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Jeong, B.J.K. (2021) Intra-articular injection of high-dose ELHLD peptide for managing canine stifle osteoarthritis: Kinetic gait analysis. J. Vet. Clin., 38(3): 105\u2013114.","DOI":"10.17555\/jvc.2021.38.3.105"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lee, M.I., Kim, J.H., Kwak, H.H., Woo, H.M., Han, J.H., Yayon, A., Jung, Y.C., Cho, J.M. and Kang, B.J. (2019) A placebo-controlled study comparing the efficacy of intra-articular injections of hyaluronic acid and a novel hyaluronic acid-platelet-rich plasma conjugate in a canine model of osteoarthritis. J. Orthop. Surg. Res., 14(1): 1\u201312.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-019-1352-1"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Brandt, K.D. (1991) Transection of the anterior cruciate ligament in the dog: A model of osteoarthritis. Semin. Arthritis Rheum., 21(3 Suppl 2): 22\u201332.","DOI":"10.1016\/0049-0172(91)90037-z"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"de Bruin, T., de Rooster, H., Bosmans, T., Duchateau, L., van Bree, H. and Gielen, I. (2007) Radiographic assessment of the progression of osteoarthrosis in the contralateral stifle joint of dogs with a ruptured cranial cruciate ligament. Vet. Rec., 161(22): 745\u2013750.","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.161.22.745"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cook, J.L., Kuroki, K., Visco, D., Pelletier, J.P., Schulz, L. and Lafeber, F.P. (2010) The OARSI histopathology initiative recommendations for histological assessments of osteoarthritis in the dog. Osteoarthr. 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Rheumatol., 8(11): 665\u2013673.","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2012.130"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yang, J.H., Lee, K., Jung, S.Y., Bae, W.K., Ju, H.J., Cho, I.Y., Song, J.K., Park, H.Y., Han, J.S., Lee, G.H. and Bae, Y.S. (2017) Osteoarthritis affects health-related quality of life in Korean adults with chronic diseases: The Korea national health and nutritional examination surveys 2009\u20132013. Korean J. Fam. Med., 38(6): 358\u2013364.","DOI":"10.4082\/kjfm.2017.38.6.358"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Maxis, K., Delalandre, A., Martel-Pelletier, J., Pelletier, J.P., Duval, N. and Lajeunesse, D. (2006) The shunt from the cyclooxygenase to lipoxygenase pathway in human osteoarthritic subchondral osteoblasts is linked with a variable expression of the 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein. Arthritis Res. Ther., 8(6): 1\u201310.","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2092"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kim, H.L., Lee, H.J., Lee, D.R., Choi, B.K. and Yang, S.H. (2020) Anti-osteoarthritic effects of an herbal composition LI73014F2 on interleukin-1beta-induced primary human articular chondrocytes. Molecules, 25(9): 2033\u20132044.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25092033"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bollmann, M., Pinno, K., Ehnold, L.I., Martens, N., Martson, A., Pap, T., Starke, C., Lohmann, C.H. and Bertrand, J. (2021) MMP-9 mediated syndecan-4 shedding correlates with osteoarthritis severity. Osteoarthr. Cartil., 29(2): 280\u2013289.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2020.10.009"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Slovacek, H., Khanna, R., Poredos, P., Poredos, P., Jezovnik, M., Hoppensteadt, D., Fareed, J. and Hopkinson, W. (2021) Interrelationship of MMP-9, proteoglycan-4, and inflammation in osteoarthritis patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty. Clin. Appl. Thromb. Hemost., 27(1): 1076029621995569.","DOI":"10.1177\/1076029621995569"}],"container-title":["Veterinary World"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.veterinaryworld.org\/Vol.15\/August-2022\/14.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.veterinaryworld.org\/Vol.15\/August-2022\/14.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.veterinaryworld.org\/Vol.15\/August-2022\/14.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,11]],"date-time":"2022-11-11T14:12:07Z","timestamp":1668175927000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.veterinaryworld.org\/Vol.15\/August-2022\/14.html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,22]]},"references-count":44,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14202\/vetworld.2022.2012-2020","relation":{},"ISSN":["2231-0916","0972-8988"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2231-0916","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0972-8988","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,22]]}}}