{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T03:30:50Z","timestamp":1793244650416,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Xia & He Publishing","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,28]]},"DOI":"10.14218\/jcth.2017.00035","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,3]],"date-time":"2017-12-03T21:57:29Z","timestamp":1512338249000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":219,"title":["Chylous Ascites: A Review of Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Treatment"],"prefix":"10.14218","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Richa","family":"Bhardwaj","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haleh","family":"Vaziri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arun","family":"Gautam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enrique","family":"Ballesteros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Karimeddini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George Y.","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"5334","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"key20171203215723_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800791110","article-title":"Aetiology and treatment of chylous ascites","volume":"79","author":"Browse","year":"1992","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"key20171203215723_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1067\/msy.2000.109502","article-title":"Chylous ascites: a collective review","volume":"128","author":"Aalami","year":"2000","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"key20171203215723_b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1896","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2002.05911.x","article-title":"Chylous ascites","volume":"97","author":"C\u00e1rdenas","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"key20171203215723_b4","first-page":"649303","article-title":"Chylous ascites: a rare adverse effect of methimazole treatment for grave\u2019s disease-a case report and review of the literature","volume":"2015","author":"Khoury","year":"2015","journal-title":"Case Rep Endocrinol"},{"key":"key20171203215723_b5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijscr.2016.10.077","article-title":"A case report of chylous ascites after gastric bypass for morbid obesity","volume":"29","author":"Capristo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Surg Case Rep"},{"key":"key20171203215723_b6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sempedsurg.2014.09.011","article-title":"Chylothorax and chylous ascites: management and pitfalls","volume":"23","author":"Lopez-Gutierrez","year":"2014","journal-title":"Semin Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"key20171203215723_b7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2016.06.116","article-title":"Disorders of the lymphatic system of the abdomen","volume":"71","author":"Patil","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"key":"key20171203215723_b8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20062","article-title":"The hepatic venous pressure gradient: anything worth doing should be done right","volume":"39","author":"Groszmann","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"key20171203215723_b9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2011.02.009","article-title":"Liver cirrhosis","volume":"25","author":"Pinzani","year":"2011","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"key20171203215723_b10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mcg.0000177232.51888.2e","article-title":"Use of orlistat (xenical) to treat chylous ascites","volume":"39","author":"Chen","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"key20171203215723_b11","first-page":"138","article-title":"Octreotide in the outpatient therapy of cirrhotic chylous ascites: a case report","volume":"38","author":"Berzigotti","year":"2006","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"key":"key20171203215723_b12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1006379625554","article-title":"Chylous ascites due to constrictive pericarditis","volume":"16","author":"G\u00fcneri","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int J Card Imaging"},{"key":"key20171203215723_b13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2011.01.010","article-title":"Atraumatic chylous ascites: systematic review on symptoms and causes","volume":"212","author":"Steinemann","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"key20171203215723_b14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199402033300508","article-title":"Care of patients with ascites","volume":"330","author":"Runyon","year":"1994","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key20171203215723_b15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.10-8-632","article-title":"Lymphomas and chylous ascites: review of the literature","volume":"10","author":"Almakdisi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Oncologist"},{"key":"key20171203215723_b16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1258\/acb.2010.010048","article-title":"Biochemical analysis of ascitic (peritoneal) fluid: what should we measure?","volume":"47","author":"Tarn","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Clin Biochem"},{"key":"key20171203215723_b17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2016.10.008","article-title":"Establishment of triglyceride cut-off values to detect chylous ascites and pleural effusions","volume":"50","author":"Thaler","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Biochem"},{"key":"key20171203215723_b18","first-page":"700","article-title":"The lipoprotein profile of chylous and nonchylous pleural effusions","volume":"55","author":"Staats","year":"1980","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"key20171203215723_b19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1613","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.1999.01152.x","article-title":"Cancer antigen 125: a sensitive marker of ascites in patients with liver cirrhosis","volume":"94","author":"Zuckerman","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"key20171203215723_b20","first-page":"58","article-title":"Ascitic fluid analysis in the differential diagnosis of ascites: focus on cirrhotic ascites","volume":"2","author":"Huang","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Transl Hepatol"},{"key":"key20171203215723_b21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840080521","article-title":"Ascitic fluid analysis in malignancy-related ascites","volume":"8","author":"Runyon","year":"1988","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"key20171203215723_b22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0339(199906)20:6<350::AID-DC5>3.0.CO;2-7","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of effusion cytology","volume":"20","author":"Motherby","year":"1999","journal-title":"Diagn Cytopathol"},{"key":"key20171203215723_b23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(94)70057-5","article-title":"The role of laparoscopy in the evaluation of ascites of unknown origin","volume":"40","author":"Chu","year":"1994","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"key20171203215723_b24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240473","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/240473","article-title":"Chylous ascites: evaluation and management","volume":"2014","author":"Al-Busafi","year":"2014","journal-title":"ISRN Hepatol"},{"key":"key20171203215723_b25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1673.1999.00728.x","article-title":"Computed tomography demonstration of a fat-fluid level in tuberculous chylous ascites","volume":"43","author":"Prasad","year":"1999","journal-title":"Australas Radiol"},{"key":"key20171203215723_b26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/1752-1947-2-3","article-title":"Chylous ascites following radical nephrectomy: a case report","volume":"2","author":"Shah","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Med Case Rep"},{"key":"key20171203215723_b27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.3413\/Nukmed-0723-15-02","article-title":"Chylothorax and chylous ascites. Clinical utility of planar scintigraphy and tomographic imaging with SPECT\/CT","volume":"54","author":"Weiss","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nuklearmedizin"},{"key":"key20171203215723_b28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.3348\/kjr.2014.15.6.724","article-title":"Lymphangiography to treat postoperative lymphatic leakage: a technical review","volume":"15","author":"Lee","year":"2014","journal-title":"Korean J Radiol"},{"key":"key20171203215723_b29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-96-3-358","article-title":"Evaluation and management of chylous ascites","volume":"96","author":"Press","year":"1982","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"key20171203215723_b30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.12.10008","article-title":"Therapeutic effectiveness of diagnostic lymphangiography for refractory postoperative chylothorax and chylous ascites: correlation with radiologic findings and preceding medical treatment","volume":"201","author":"Kawasaki","year":"2013","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"key20171203215723_b31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.45.242.445","article-title":"Medium chain triglycerides in paediatric practice","volume":"45","author":"Gracey","year":"1970","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"key20171203215723_b32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.15.3.180","article-title":"Medium chain triglycerides and hepatic encephalopathy","volume":"15","author":"Morgan","year":"1974","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"key20171203215723_b33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0139","article-title":"Pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of ascites in cirrhosis","volume":"14","author":"Uriz","year":"2000","journal-title":"Baillieres Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"key20171203215723_b34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1002\/hon.710","article-title":"Chylous effusions complicating lymphoma: a serious event with octreotide as a treatment option","volume":"21","author":"Evans","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hematol Oncol"},{"key":"key20171203215723_b35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.4297\/najms.2011.3438","article-title":"Chylous ascites","volume":"3","author":"Talluri","year":"2011","journal-title":"N Am J Med Sci"},{"key":"key20171203215723_b36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1442-2050.1999.00021.x","article-title":"Successful management of post-esophagectomy chylothorax\/chyloperitoneum by etilefrine","volume":"12","author":"Guillem","year":"1999","journal-title":"Dis Esophagus"},{"key":"key20171203215723_b37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.4103\/1319-2442.178573","article-title":"Successful management of chylous ascites: A report of two cases","volume":"27","author":"Alam","year":"2016","journal-title":"Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl"},{"key":"key20171203215723_b38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2016.10.006","article-title":"Percutaneous treatment of chylous ascites","volume":"19","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Tech Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"key":"key20171203215723_b39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2015.09.022","article-title":"Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt for the treatment of chylothorax and chylous ascites in cirrhosis: a case report and systematic review of the literature","volume":"27","author":"Tsauo","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"key":"key20171203215723_b40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1097\/00042737-200504000-00013","article-title":"Cirrhosis related chylous ascites successfully treated with TIPS","volume":"17","author":"de Vries","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"key20171203215723_b41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2015.04.005","article-title":"Long-term patency and clinical analysis of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene-covered transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt stent grafts","volume":"26","author":"Weber","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"key":"key20171203215723_b42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-941447","article-title":"Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt-related complications and practical solutions","volume":"23","author":"Ripamonti","year":"2006","journal-title":"Semin Intervent Radiol"},{"key":"key20171203215723_b43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.47.0475","article-title":"Peritoneovenous shunting for intractable chylous ascites complicated with lymphangioleiomyomatosis","volume":"47","author":"Makino","year":"2008","journal-title":"Intern Med"},{"key":"key20171203215723_b44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.4240\/wjgs.v4.i4.87","article-title":"Malignant ascites: A review of prognostic factors, pathophysiology and therapeutic measures","volume":"4","author":"Sangisetty","year":"2012","journal-title":"World J Gastrointest Surg"},{"key":"key20171203215723_b45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2007.05.019","article-title":"Chylous ascites secondary to B-cell non Hodgkin\u2019s lymphoma in a patient with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)","volume":"40","author":"Foschi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"key":"key20171203215723_b46","first-page":"4625819","article-title":"A case of chyloperitoneum secondary to follicular lymphoma and a review of prognostic implications","volume":"2016","author":"Jagosky","year":"2016","journal-title":"Case Rep Hematol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.xiahepublishing.com\/ArticleFullText.aspx?sid=2&jid=1&id=10.14218%2fJCTH.2017.00035","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T18:16:57Z","timestamp":1783707417000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.xiahepublishing.com\/ArticleFullText.aspx?sid=2&jid=1&id=10.14218%2fJCTH.2017.00035"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,28]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,4]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,28]]}},"alternative-id":["10.14218\/JCTH.2017.00035"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14218\/jcth.2017.00035","relation":{},"ISSN":["2225-0719","2310-8819"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2225-0719","type":"print"},{"value":"2310-8819","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,28]]}}}