{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T22:53:58Z","timestamp":1793141638331,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Xia & He Publishing","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,28]]},"DOI":"10.14218\/jcth.2017.00064","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,13]],"date-time":"2018-02-13T20:28:41Z","timestamp":1518553721000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Risk of Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Primary Biliary Cholangitis - Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.14218","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Duminda","family":"Suraweera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Fanous","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa","family":"Jimenez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myron J.","family":"Tong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sammy","family":"Saab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"5334","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"key20180213202836_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199901143400207","article-title":"Atherosclerosis\u2013an inflammatory disease","volume":"340","author":"Ross","year":"1999","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra043898","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"353","author":"Kaplan","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2011.10.025","article-title":"Epidemiology of primary sclerosing cholangitis and primary biliary cirrhosis: a systematic review","volume":"56","author":"Boonstra","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22906","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"50","author":"Lindor","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32993","article-title":"The true impact of fatigue in primary biliary cirrhosis: a population study","volume":"122","author":"Goldblatt","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G764","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00501.2009","article-title":"Impaired cardiovascular function in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"298","author":"Jones","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0000000000000029","article-title":"Metabolic syndrome associated with primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"49","author":"Floreani","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G393","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00097.2013","article-title":"Reduced thoracic fluid content in early-stage primary biliary cirrhosis that associates with impaired cardiac inotropy","volume":"305","author":"Zalewski","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1111\/hepr.12452","article-title":"Coronary artery disease in primary biliary cirrhosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies","volume":"45","author":"Ungprasert","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hepatol Res"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.4254\/wjh.v3.i4.93","article-title":"Asymptomatic primary biliary cirrhosis is not associated with increased frequency of cardiovascular disease","volume":"3","author":"Doycheva","year":"2011","journal-title":"World J Hepatol"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1795","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2005.079814","article-title":"Hypercholesterolaemia is not associated with early atherosclerotic lesions in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"55","author":"Allocca","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1098","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1872-034X.2010.00717.x","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis is associated with oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction but not increased cardiovascular risk","volume":"40","author":"Cash","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hepatol Res"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0000000000000493","article-title":"Risk of cerebrovascular accident in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"28","author":"Ungprasert","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e33442","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0033442","article-title":"Risk of subsequent coronary heart disease in patients hospitalized for immune-mediated diseases: a nationwide follow-up study from Sweden","volume":"7","author":"Z\u00f6ller","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2784","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2008.02092.x","article-title":"Risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in primary biliary cirrhosis: a population-based cohort study","volume":"103","author":"Solaymani-Dodaran","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.3109\/00365529709025067","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis in The Netherlands. An analysis of associated diseases, cardiovascular risk, and malignancies on the basis of mortality figures","volume":"32","author":"Van Dam","year":"1997","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840150518","article-title":"Hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis in primary biliary cirrhosis: what is the risk?","volume":"15","author":"Crippin","year":"1992","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2006.11.036","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis, hyperlipidemia, and atherosclerotic risk: a systematic review","volume":"194","author":"Sorokin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1007\/s12072-009-9137-y","article-title":"The state of cholesterol metabolism in the liver of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis: the role of MDR3 expression","volume":"3","author":"Enjoji","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hepatol Int"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9150(84)90191-6","article-title":"Increased concentration of high density lipoprotein in plasma and decreased platelet aggregation in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"53","author":"Baruch","year":"1984","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(77)90874-9","article-title":"High density lipoprotein as a protective factor against coronary heart disease. The Framingham Study","volume":"62","author":"Gordon","year":"1977","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/38.6.793","article-title":"Apolipoprotein A-containing lipoprotein particles: physiological role, quantification, and clinical significance","volume":"38","author":"Fruchart","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9150(87)90091-8","article-title":"Apolipoprotein A-I containing lipoproteins in coronary artery disease","volume":"68","author":"Puchois","year":"1987","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9150(97)06108-X","article-title":"Abnormalities of serum apo A1 containing lipoprotein particles in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"131","author":"O\u2019Kane","year":"1997","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1082","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.102.10.1082","article-title":"Lipoprotein(a) and coronary heart disease. Meta-analysis of prospective studies","volume":"102","author":"Danesh","year":"2000","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-8981(96)06404-2","article-title":"Lipoprotein(a) concentration and phenotypes in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"255","author":"Romics","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9150(94)90006-X","article-title":"Reduced serum lipoprotein(a) levels in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"105","author":"Gregory","year":"1994","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.2310\/6650.2001.33897","article-title":"Basal and post-methionine serum homocysteine and lipoprotein abnormalities in patients with chronic liver disease","volume":"49","author":"Ben-Ari","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Investig Med"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000155251.03724.A5","article-title":"Low plasma adiponectin levels predict progression of coronary artery calcification","volume":"111","author":"Maahs","year":"2005","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.1480293","article-title":"The role of the novel adipocyte-derived hormone adiponectin in human disease","volume":"148","author":"D\u00edez","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1959","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2008.01888.x","article-title":"Plasma adiponectin levels in primary biliary cirrhosis: a novel perspective for link between hypercholesterolemia and protection against atherosclerosis","volume":"103","author":"Floreani","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2116","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.M400229-JLR200","article-title":"Lipoprotein-X reduces LDL atherogenicity in primary biliary cirrhosis by preventing LDL oxidation","volume":"45","author":"Chang","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1561","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc071467","article-title":"Hypercholesterolemia in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"357","author":"Su","year":"2007","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1007\/s10517-008-0019-4","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis and coronary atherosclerosis: protective antioxidant effect of bilirubin","volume":"145","author":"Dudnik","year":"2008","journal-title":"Bull Exp Biol Med"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1266","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(85)90642-0","article-title":"Lipoprotein abnormalities in primary biliary cirrhosis. Association with hepatic lipase inhibition as well as altered cholesterol esterification","volume":"89","author":"Jahn","year":"1985","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b36","first-page":"89","article-title":"Metabolism of cholesterol and low- and high-density lipoproteins in primary biliary cirrhosis: cholesterol absorption and synthesis related to lipoprotein levels and their kinetics","volume":"21","author":"Gylling","year":"1995","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.51.2.265","article-title":"Hyperlipidaemic state and cardiovascular risk in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"51","author":"Longo","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b38","first-page":"2921","article-title":"Risk of incident coronary artery disease in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"7","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Clin Exp Med"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.2298\/VSP1109739A","article-title":"Ultrasound measurement of visceral fat in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"68","author":"Alempijevi\u0107","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vojnosanit Pregl"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1230","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2005.04.009","article-title":"Ultrasonography for the evaluation of visceral fat and the metabolic syndrome","volume":"54","author":"Meri\u00f1o-Ibarra","year":"2005","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1007\/s00508-012-0162-9","article-title":"Assessment of metabolic syndrome in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"124","author":"Alempijevic","year":"2012","journal-title":"Wien Klin Wochenschr"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1053\/he.2000.5984","article-title":"Management of primary biliary cirrhosis. The American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases practice guidelines","volume":"31","author":"Heathcote","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840170408","article-title":"Cholesterol-lowering effect of ursodeoxycholic acid in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"17","author":"Poupon","year":"1993","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-6196(12)61815-1","article-title":"Effect of ursodeoxycholic acid on serum lipids of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"69","author":"Balan","year":"1994","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)31668-0","article-title":"Cholesterol metabolism in primary biliary cirrhosis during simvastatin and UDCA administration","volume":"42","author":"Del Puppo","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1166","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.12191","article-title":"Randomized controlled trial assessing the effect of simvastatin in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"33","author":"Cash","year":"2013","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1988","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-007-0003-2","article-title":"Atorvastatin does not improve liver biochemistries or Mayo Risk Score in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"53","author":"Stanca","year":"2008","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21741","article-title":"Atorvastatin in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis and incomplete biochemical response to ursodeoxycholic acid","volume":"46","author":"Stojakovic","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2009.08.052","article-title":"Low-dose atorvastatin improves dyslipidemia and vascular function in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis after one year of treatment","volume":"209","author":"Stojakovic","year":"2010","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"key20180213202836_b50","first-page":"415","article-title":"Treatment of hypercholesterolemia in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis might be more beneficial than indicated","volume":"138","author":"Balmer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Swiss Med Wkly"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.xiahepublishing.com\/ArticleFullText.aspx?sid=2&jid=1&id=10.14218%2fJCTH.2017.00064","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T18:17:02Z","timestamp":1783707422000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.xiahepublishing.com\/ArticleFullText.aspx?sid=2&jid=1&id=10.14218%2fJCTH.2017.00064"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,14]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,28]]}},"alternative-id":["10.14218\/JCTH.2017.00064"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14218\/jcth.2017.00064","relation":{},"ISSN":["2225-0719","2310-8819"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2225-0719","type":"print"},{"value":"2310-8819","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,14]]}}}