{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T16:30:30Z","timestamp":1771518630962,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,2,1]],"date-time":"2003-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1044057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,2,1]],"date-time":"2003-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1044057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.jp","jada.ada.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of the American Dental Association"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,2]]},"DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,8]],"date-time":"2014-01-08T17:51:57Z","timestamp":1389203517000},"page":"209-214","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Oral malodor"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"134","member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345390180020201","article-title":"The determination of halitosis by the use of the osmoscope and the cryoscopic method","volume":"18","author":"Brening","year":"1939","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345390180040401","article-title":"Some conditions that affect the odor concentration of breath","volume":"18","author":"Sulser","year":"1939","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345460250020301","article-title":"Studies in periodontal disease: putrefactive organisms in the mouth","volume":"25","author":"Berg","year":"1946","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345490280031701","article-title":"Halitosis: variations in mouth and total breath odor intensity resulting from prophylaxis and antisepsis","volume":"28","author":"Morris","year":"1949","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345530320012301","article-title":"Chemical studies in periodontal disease: paper chromatographic investigation of the putrefaction associated with periodontitis","volume":"32","author":"Fosdick","year":"1953","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(72)90271-X","article-title":"The role of microorganisms in the production of oral malodor","volume":"34","author":"McNamara","year":"1972","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol"},{"key":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1977.48.1.13","article-title":"Production and origin of oral malodor: a review of mechanisms and methods of analysis","volume":"48","author":"Tonzetich","year":"1977","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(76)90121-3","article-title":"Reduction of malodor by oral cleansing procedures","volume":"42","author":"Tonzetich","year":"1976","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol"},{"key":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1992.63.9.776","article-title":"Measurement of oral malodor: current methods and future prospects","volume":"63","author":"Rosenberg","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1994.65.1.37","article-title":"Relationship of oral malodor to periodontitis: evidence of independence in discrete subpopulations","volume":"65","author":"Bosy","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135_bib11","first-page":"475","article-title":"Clinical assessment of bad breath: current concepts","volume":"127","author":"Rosenberg","year":"1996","journal-title":"JADA"},{"key":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135_bib12","first-page":"311","article-title":"The effects of antimicrobial mouthrinses on oral malodor and their status relative of U.S. Food and Drug Administration regulations","volume":"30","author":"Loesche","year":"1999","journal-title":"Quintessence Int"},{"key":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0757.2002.280111.x","article-title":"Microbiology and treatment of halitosis","volume":"28","author":"Loesche","year":"2002","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135_bib14","first-page":"309","article-title":"Oral malodour: an indicator of health status and oral cleanliness","volume":"28","author":"Tonzetich","year":"1978","journal-title":"Int Dent J"},{"key":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1097\/00006842-199603000-00010","article-title":"The complaint of oral malodor: possible psychopathological aspects","volume":"58","author":"Eli","year":"1996","journal-title":"Psychosom Med"},{"key":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135_bib16","first-page":"36","article-title":"Halitosis","volume":"62","author":"Spielman","year":"1996","journal-title":"N Y State Dent J"},{"key":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135_bib17","first-page":"196","article-title":"Oral malodor: philosophical and practical aspects","volume":"63","author":"Bosy","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Can Dent Assoc"},{"key":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135_bib18","first-page":"55","article-title":"Diagnosing and treating halitosis","volume":"124","author":"McDowell","year":"1993","journal-title":"JADA"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0722.1997.tb00242.x","article-title":"Breath odor: etiopathogenesis, assessment and management","volume":"105","author":"Scully","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur J Oral Sci"},{"key":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135_bib20","first-page":"1281","article-title":"Halitosis","volume":"126","author":"Attia","year":"1982","journal-title":"Can Med Assoc J"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135_bib21","first-page":"7","article-title":"Bad breath: diagnosis and treatment","volume":"3","author":"Rosenberg","year":"1990","journal-title":"Univ Toronto Dent J"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135_bib22","first-page":"46","article-title":"Halitosis: the \u2018bad breath' syndrome","volume":"26","author":"Weinberg","year":"2001","journal-title":"US Pharmacist"},{"key":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1992.63.9.768","article-title":"Salivary and metabolic factors involved in oral malodor formation","volume":"63","author":"Kleinberg","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Periodont"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-302X.1990.tb00645.x","article-title":"The formation of hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan by oral bacteria","volume":"5","author":"Persson","year":"1990","journal-title":"Oral Microbiol Immunol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1168","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345940730060701","article-title":"Cadaverine as a putative component of oral malodor","volume":"73","author":"Goldberg","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135_bib26","series-title":"Bad breath: Research perspectives","first-page":"71","article-title":"Association of diamines with oral malodor","author":"Goldberg","year":"1995"},{"key":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135_bib27","series-title":"Bad breath: A multidisciplinary approach","first-page":"157","article-title":"Proteolytic activity of stomatococcus mucilaginous","author":"Greenman","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1992.63.9.783","article-title":"Biochemical and clinical factors influencing oral malodor in periodontal patients","volume":"63","author":"Yaegaki","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135_bib29","first-page":"1384","article-title":"Assessing the contribution of anaerobic microflora of the tongue to oral malodor","volume":"126","author":"DeBoever","year":"1995","journal-title":"JADA"},{"key":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.1984.tb00821.x","article-title":"Oral odors in experimental gingivitis","volume":"19","author":"Kostelc","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Periodont Res"},{"key":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.1992.tb01673.x","article-title":"Volatile sulfur compounds in mouth air from clinically healthy subjects and patients with periodontal disease","volume":"27","author":"Yaegaki","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Periodont Res"},{"key":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135_bib32","series-title":"Bad breath: Research perspectives","first-page":"149","article-title":"Non-oral and oral aspects of oral malodor","author":"Preti","year":"1995"},{"key":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1577","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345950740091201","article-title":"Self-estimation of oral malodor","volume":"74","author":"Rosenberg","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135_bib34","first-page":"295","article-title":"Operation of bad breath clinics","volume":"30","author":"Ramos","year":"1999","journal-title":"Quintessence Int"},{"key":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1992.63.1.39","article-title":"Daylong reduction of oral malodor by a two-phase oil: water mouthrinse, as compared to chlorhexidine and placebo rinses","volume":"63","author":"Rosenberg","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(99)70460-9","article-title":"Halitosis in children","volume":"134","author":"Amir","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Pediatric"},{"key":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1991.62.8.487","article-title":"Halitosis measurement by an industrial sulfide monitor","volume":"62","author":"Rosenberg","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1436","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345910700110801","article-title":"Reproducibility and sensitivity of oral malodor measurements with a portable sulfide monitor","volume":"11","author":"Rosenberg","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135_bib39","first-page":"357","article-title":"Modeling of the oral malodor system and methods of analysis","volume":"30","author":"Kleinberg","year":"1999","journal-title":"Quintessence Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1177\/0810140","article-title":"Comparison of volatile sulfur compound concentrations measured with a sulfide detector vs. gas chromatography","volume":"81","author":"Furne","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9969(99)00056-4","article-title":"Negative correlation between oral malodour and numbers and activities of sulphate-reducing bacteria the human mouth","volume":"44","author":"Willis","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch Oral Biol"},{"key":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135_bib42","first-page":"114","article-title":"Relationship between volatile sulfur compounds, BANA-hydrolyzing bacteria and gingival health in patients with and without complaints of oral malodor","volume":"4","author":"DeBoever","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Clin Dent"},{"key":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345940730050401","article-title":"Correlation between the BANA test and oral malodor parameters","volume":"73","author":"Kozlovsky","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/27.6.842","article-title":"Quantitative differences in volatiles from healthy mouths and mouths with periodontitis","volume":"27","author":"Kostelc","year":"1981","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135_bib45","first-page":"607","volume":"51","author":"Mouthwashes","year":"1992","journal-title":"Consumer Reports"},{"key":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.5834\/jdh.39.377","article-title":"The effect of zinc chloride mouthwash on the production of oral malodor, the degradation of salivary elements and proteins","volume":"39","author":"Yaegaki","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Dent Health"}],"container-title":["The Journal of the American Dental Association"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S000281771461984X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S000281771461984X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T04:04:24Z","timestamp":1757563464000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S000281771461984X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,2]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S000281771461984X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-8177"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-8177","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Oral malodor","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of the American Dental Association","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0135","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2003 American Dental Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}