{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T15:55:53Z","timestamp":1786550153118,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>\n                    <jats:bold>ABSTRACT<\/jats:bold>\n                  <\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Clostridium difficile<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection (CDI) is a well-known complication of antibiotic therapy. It is associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and cost in the hospital setting. The main symptoms include watery diarrhea, abdominal pain, and distension, but CDI can also present as toxic megacolon, bowel perforation with peritonitis, sepsis and renal failure. Therapy includes metronidazole and oral vancomycin, with rectal vancomycin and fecal transplant reserved for more complicated cases. Adjunctive treatments such as probiotics have been tried with mixed results. We present a patient with complicated CDI treated with adjuvant serum-derived bovine immunoglobulin, a novel approach in this context.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.14309\/crj.2017.64","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,11]],"date-time":"2017-05-11T15:31:03Z","timestamp":1494516663000},"page":"e64","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Serum-Derived Bovine Immunoglobulin as Novel Adjunct in Complicated Clostridium difficile Colitis Treatment"],"prefix":"10.14309","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Samson","family":"Ferm","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nims","family":"Varadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Constantine","family":"Fisher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ellen","family":"Gutkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"R1-64-20260710","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.17103","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of Clostridium difficile in adults: A systematic 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