{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T07:19:00Z","timestamp":1790666340357,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Transl Gastroenterol","Clinical and Translational Gastroenterology"],"abstract":"\n BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n \n Gastric acid secretion is compromised in chronic\n Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic>\n (\n H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n ) infection allowing overgrowth of non-\n H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n gastric bacteria (NHGB) in the stomach.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n \n NHGB were isolated from gastric mucosa in selective media and further characterized with biochemical methods and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Human gastric tissues were studied with indirect immunofluorescence with antibodies against\n H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n and\n Neisseria subflava (N. subflava)<\/jats:italic>\n . Gastric epithelial cell lines were cocultured with bacteria or incubated with lipopolysaccharides isolated from NHGB, and interleukin-8 released in the media was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Expression of Toll-like receptor (TLR)2, TLR4, it's coreceptor myeloid differentiation factor 2 (MD2), and CD14 in gastric cells was investigated by immunofluorescence microscopy and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n \n Haemophilus<\/jats:italic>\n species,\n Neisseria<\/jats:italic>\n species,\n Fusobacterium<\/jats:italic>\n species, and\n Veillonella<\/jats:italic>\n species were predominant Gram-negative bacteria coinfected with\n H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n . Lipopolysaccharides from\n N. subflava<\/jats:italic>\n potently stimulated interleukin-8 secretion in MKN45 cells which was cancelled by preincubation with polymyxin B. TLR2, TLR4, CD14, and myeloid differentiation factor 2 were expressed in MKN45 cells, though their levels of expression were low.\n N. subflava<\/jats:italic>\n adhered to MKN45 cells\n in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n and colocalized with\n H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n in the human gastric mucosa.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n \n Our data suggest that\n N. subflava<\/jats:italic>\n colonized in the gastric mucosa contribute to gastric inflammation during chronic\n H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n gastritis.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n TRANSLATIONAL IMPACT:<\/jats:title>\n NHGB may perpetuate gastric inflammation and accelerate neoplastic progression in the hypochlorhydric stomach.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.14309\/ctg.0000000000000024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,26]],"date-time":"2019-03-26T16:27:35Z","timestamp":1553617655000},"page":"e00024","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Lipopolysaccharides From Non-Helicobacter pylori Gastric Bacteria Potently Stimulate Interleukin-8 Production in Gastric Epithelial Cells"],"prefix":"10.14309","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Natsumi","family":"Miyata","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshikazu","family":"Hayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shunji","family":"Hayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Bacteriology, Department of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan;"},{"name":"Current affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kiichi","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan;"},{"name":"Current affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, International University of Health and Welfare, Tochigi, Japan;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshikazu","family":"Hirai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Bacteriology, Department of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan;"},{"name":"Current affiliation: Tamano Institute of Health and Human Services, Kake Educational Institution, Okayama, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hironori","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kentaro","family":"Sugano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20230814","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(83)92719-8","article-title":"Unidentified curved bacilli on gastric epithelium in active chronic gastritis","volume":"321","author":"Warren","year":"1983","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R2-20230814","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1353","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2015-309252","article-title":"Kyoto global consensus report on Helicobacter pylori gastritis","volume":"64","author":"Sugano","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"R3-20230814","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1449","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60938-7","article-title":"Peptic ulcer disease","volume":"374","author":"Malfertheiner","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R4-20230814","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(91)92035-Z","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis and primary B-cell gastric lymphoma","volume":"338","author":"Wotherspoon","year":"1991","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R6-20230814","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.33.4.429","article-title":"African enigma","volume":"33","author":"Holcombe","year":"1992","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"R7-20230814","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1106","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2002.05663.x","article-title":"H. 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