{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T02:11:56Z","timestamp":1774318316675,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018707","name":"HORIZON EUROPE Reforming and enhancing the European Research and Innovation system","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["101095359"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101095359"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018707","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011417","name":"United Kingdom Clinical Research Collaboration","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["10058099"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["10058099"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011417","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Am J Gastroenterol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>INTRODUCTION:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Antibiotic resistance is one of the main factors that determine the efficacy of treatments to eradicate <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic> infection. Our aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of first-line and rescue treatments against <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">H. pylori<\/jats:italic> in Europe according to antibiotics resistance.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Prospective, multicenter, international registry on the management of <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">H. pylori<\/jats:italic> (European Registry on <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">H. pylori<\/jats:italic> Management). All infected and culture-diagnosed adult patients registered in the Spanish Association of Gastroenterology-Research Electronic Data Capture from 2013 to 2021 were included.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>A total of 2,852 naive patients with culture results were analyzed. Resistance to clarithromycin, metronidazole, and quinolones was 22%, 27%, and 18%, respectively. The most effective treatment, regardless of resistance, were the 3-in-1 single capsule with bismuth, metronidazole, and tetracycline (91%) and the quadruple with bismuth, offering optimal cure rates even in the presence of bacterial resistance to clarithromycin or metronidazole. The concomitant regimen with tinidazole achieved an eradication rate of 99% (90\/91) vs 84% (90\/107) with metronidazole. Triple schedules, sequential, or concomitant regimen with metronidazole did not achieve optimal results. A total of 1,118 non-naive patients were analyzed. Resistance to clarithromycin, metronidazole, and quinolones was 49%, 41%, and 24%, respectively. The 3-in-1 single capsule (87%) and the triple therapy with levofloxacin (85%) were the only ones that provided encouraging results.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>DISCUSSION:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>In regions where the antibiotic resistance rate of <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">H. pylori<\/jats:italic> is high, eradication treatment with the 3-in-1 single capsule, the quadruple with bismuth, and concomitant with tinidazole are the best options in naive patients. In non-naive patients, the 3-in-1 single capsule and the triple therapy with levofloxacin provided encouraging results.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000002600","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,20]],"date-time":"2023-11-20T16:06:37Z","timestamp":1700496397000},"page":"646-654","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Effectiveness of Helicobacter pylori Treatments According to Antibiotic Resistance"],"prefix":"10.14309","volume":"119","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4353-9968","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis","family":"Bujanda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebasti\u00e1n; CIBERehd, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Hep\u00e1ticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid; Department of Medicine, Universidad Del Pa\u00eds Vasco (UPV\/EHU), San Sebasti\u00e1n, Spain;"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4920-9310","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olga P.","family":"Nyssen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid (UAM), Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Hep\u00e1ticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain;"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-9228-9136","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"June","family":"Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebasti\u00e1n; CIBERehd, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Hep\u00e1ticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid; Department of Medicine, Universidad Del Pa\u00eds Vasco (UPV\/EHU), San Sebasti\u00e1n, Spain;"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2815-3992","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dmitry S.","family":"Bordin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pancreatic, Biliary and Upper Digestive Tract Disorders, A. S. Loginov Moscow Clinical Scientific Center, Moscow; Department of Propaedeutic of Internal Diseases and Gastroenterology, A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow; Department of Outpatient Therapy and Family Medicine, Tver State Medical University, Tver, Russia;"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5616-4333","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bojan","family":"Tepes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, DC Rogaska, Slatina, Slovenia;"}]},{"given":"Angeles","family":"Perez-Aisa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Digestive Unit, Agencia Sanitaria Costa Del Sol, Marbella, Spain;"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Pavoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, IRCCS St. Orsola Polyclinic, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy;"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Castro-Fernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Sevilla, Spain;"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2243-8882","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frode","family":"Lerang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, \u00d8stfold Hospital Trust, Gr\u00e5lum, Norway;"}]},{"given":"M\u0101rcis","family":"Leja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastro, Digestive Diseases Centre, Riga; Institute of Clinical and Preventive Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia;"}]},{"given":"Luis","family":"Rodrigo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain;"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6475-3026","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Theodore","family":"Rokkas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology Clinic, Henry Dunant Hospital, Athens, Greece;"}]},{"given":"Juozas","family":"Kupcinskas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Digestive Research and Department of Gastroenterology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania;"}]},{"given":"Laimas","family":"Jonaitis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Digestive Research and Department of Gastroenterology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania;"}]},{"given":"Oleg","family":"Shvets","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Internal Medicine, National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine;"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Gasbarrini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy;"}]},{"given":"Halis","family":"Simsek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Hacettepe University, Ankara; Department of Gastroenterology, HC International Clinic, Ankara, Turkey;"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1296-3803","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Perminder S.","family":"Phull","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Digestive Disorders, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, UK;"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2926-1637","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gy\u00f6rgy Mikl\u00f3s","family":"Buz\u00e1s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology, Ferencv\u00e1ros Health Center, Budapest, Hungary;"}]},{"given":"Jose C.","family":"Machado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3S\u2013Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o Em Sa\u00fade da Universidade Do Porto, Porto; Ipatimup\u2013Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade Do Porto, Porto; Pathology, FMUP\u2013Faculdade de Medicina Do Porto, Porto, Portugal;"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3357-613X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Doron","family":"Boltin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Rabin Medical Center, PetahTikva; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, TelAviv, Israel;"}]},{"given":"Lyudmila","family":"Boyanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria;"}]},{"given":"Ante","family":"Tonki\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Split, Split, Croatia;"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2649-5967","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wojciech","family":"Marlicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin; The Centre for Digestive Diseases, Endoklinika, Szczecin, Poland;"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8581-0974","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marino","family":"Venerito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany;"}]},{"given":"Ludmila","family":"Vologzanina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastrocenter, Perm, Russia;"}]},{"given":"Galina D.","family":"Fadieienko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"L.T. Malaya Therapy National Institute of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine;"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Fiorini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, IRCCS St. Orsola Polyclinic, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy;"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7998-8327","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"Resina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid (UAM), Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Hep\u00e1ticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain;"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2178-3828","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raquel","family":"Mu\u00f1oz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid (UAM), Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Hep\u00e1ticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain;"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Cano-Catal\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GOES Research Group, Althaia Xarxa Assistencial Universit\u00e0ria de Manresa, Manresa, Spain;"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9059-8602","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ignasi","family":"Puig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Althaia Xarxa Assistencial Universit\u00e0ria de Manresa and Universitat de Vic-Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVicUCC), Manresa, Spain;"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0130-3778","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalia","family":"Garc\u00eda-Morales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo (CHUVI) and Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur); SERGAS-UVIGO, Spain;"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9175-4312","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Gastroenterolog\u00eda, Hospital Santos Reyes, Aranda de Duero, Spain;"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4518-8591","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leticia","family":"Moreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Cl\u00ednic de Barcelona, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red en Enfermedades Hep\u00e1ticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), IDIBAPS (Institut D'Investigacions Biom\u00e8diques August Pi I Sunyer), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain;"}]},{"given":"Francis","family":"Megraud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM U1312, Universit\u00e9 de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France;"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1847-6782","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Colm O.","family":"Morain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland;"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6554-4912","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Milagrosa","family":"Montes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Donostia University Hospital-Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain ."}]},{"given":"Javier P.","family":"Gisbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid (UAM), Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Hep\u00e1ticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain;"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"R1-20250804","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2017.04.022","article-title":"Global prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection: Systematic review and meta- analysis","volume":"153","author":"Hooi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"10094","key":"R2-20250804","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)32404-7","article-title":"Peptic ulcer disease","volume":"390","author":"Lanas","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"5","key":"R5-20250804","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gastrohep.2021.07.011","article-title":"V Spanish Consensus Conference on Helicobacter pylori infection treatment","volume":"45","author":"Gisbert","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"9","key":"R6-20250804","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics10091058","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance prevalence and trends in patients infected with Helicobacter pylori in the period 2013-2020: Results of the European Registry on H. pylori Management (Hp-EuReg)","volume":"10","author":"Bujanda","year":"2021","journal-title":"Antibiotics (Basel)"},{"issue":"9","key":"R7-20250804","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1724","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2022-327745","article-title":"Management of Helicobacter pylori infection: The Maastricht VI\/Florence consensus report","volume":"71","author":"Malfertheiner","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"5","key":"R8-20250804","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12630","DOI":"10.1111\/hel.12630","article-title":"Protocol of the European registry on the management of Helicobacter pylori infection (Hp-EuReg)","volume":"24","author":"McNicholl","year":"2019","journal-title":"Helicobacter"},{"issue":"2","key":"R9-20250804","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2008.08.010","article-title":"Research electronic data capture (REDCap)\u2014a metadata-driven methodology and workflow process for providing translational research informatics support","volume":"42","author":"Harris","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Biomed Inform"},{"issue":"12","key":"R10-20250804","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1761","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2017.416","article-title":"Research to the N-Power: The strengths of networked clinical collaboration in Spain","volume":"112","author":"McNicholl","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"2","key":"R11-20250804","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0000000000001482","article-title":"Room for improvement in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection: Lessons from the European registry on H. pylori management (Hp-EuReg)","volume":"56","author":"Nyssen","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"10","key":"R12-20250804","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1815","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2021-324032","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori resistance to antibiotics in Europe in 2018 and its relationship to antibiotic consumption in the community","volume":"70","author":"Megraud","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"1","key":"R13-20250804","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1177\/2050640620972615","article-title":"European Registry on Helicobacter pylori management: Single-capsule bismuth quadruple therapy is effective in real-world clinical practice","volume":"9","author":"Nyssen","year":"2021","journal-title":"United Eur Gastroenterol J"},{"key":"R14-20250804","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667584","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.667584","article-title":"Single capsule bismuth quadruple therapy for eradication of H. pylori infection: A real-life study","volume":"12","author":"Gravina","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"R15-20250804","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104661","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2020.104661","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of bismuth- containing quadruple treatment and concomitant treatment for first-line Helicobacter pylori eradication: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"152","author":"Guo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Microb Pathog"},{"issue":"1","key":"R16-20250804","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2020-321372","article-title":"European registry on Helicobacter pylori management (Hp-EuReg): Patterns and trends in first-line empirical eradication prescription and outcomes of 5 years and 21 533 patients","volume":"70","author":"Nyssen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"R17-20250804","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9020543","article-title":"Clarithromycin versus metronidazolee in first-line Helicobacter Pylori triple eradication therapy based on resistance to antimicrobial agents: Meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"Murata","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"R18-20250804","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.3581","article-title":"Levofloxacin and proton pump inhibitor-based triple therapy versus standard triple first-line therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication","volume":"23","author":"Ye","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf"},{"issue":"2","key":"R19-20250804","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12780","DOI":"10.1111\/hel.12780","article-title":"Consistency of Helicobacter pylori eradication rates of first-line concomitant and sequential therapies in Korea: A nationwide multicenter retrospective study for the last 10 years","volume":"26","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Helicobacter"},{"issue":"6","key":"R20-20250804","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0000000000001102","article-title":"Pylera and sequential therapy for first-line Helicobacter pylori eradication: A culture-based study in real clinical practice","volume":"30","author":"Fiorini","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"R21-20250804","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.14597","article-title":"Impact of primary antibiotic resistance on the effectiveness of sequential therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection: Lessons from a 5-year study on a large number of strains","volume":"47","author":"Gatta","year":"2018","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"R22-20250804","first-page":"CD009034","article-title":"Sequential versus standard triple first-line therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication","volume":"2016","author":"Nyssen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"R23-20250804","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.001490","article-title":"Comparison of sequential therapy with concomitant therapy in first-line treatment of Helicobacter pylori: An updated meta-analysis","volume":"71","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Med Microbiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"R24-20250804","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3258","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12093258","article-title":"Standard bismuth quadruple therapy versus concomitant therapy for the first-line treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"12","author":"Zagari","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"R25-20250804","first-page":"355","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori eradication: Metronidazolee or tinidazolee? Data from Turin","volume":"54","author":"Berrutti","year":"2008","journal-title":"Minerva Gastroenterol Dietol"},{"issue":"10","key":"R26-20250804","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2740","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkw220","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis: Triple therapy combining a proton-pump inhibitor, amoxicillin and metronidazole for Helicobacter pylori first-line treatment","volume":"71","author":"Puig","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"issue":"5","key":"R27-20250804","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1300","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2018.10.012","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance is the key element in treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection","volume":"155","author":"M\u00e9graud","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"1","key":"R28-20250804","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics10010013","article-title":"European Registry on Helicobacter pylori Management: Effectiveness of first and second-line treatment in Spain","volume":"10","author":"Caldas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Antibiotics (Basel)"},{"issue":"10","key":"R29-20250804","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2021.12.025","article-title":"Empirical second-line therapy in 5000 patients of the European registry on Helicobacter pylori management (Hp-EuReg)","volume":"20","author":"Nyssen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"R30-20250804","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2023.07.002","article-title":"Surveillance of Helicobacter pylori resistance over 22 years (2000-2021) in northern Spain","volume":"34","author":"G\u00f3mez-Ruiz de Arbulo","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Glob Antimicrob Resist"},{"issue":"1","key":"R31-20250804","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.34172\/mejdd.2023.314","article-title":"Levofloxacin + tetracycline quadruple regimen for eradication of Helicobacter pylori: A multicenter multinational randomized controlled trial","volume":"15","author":"Alavinejad","year":"2023","journal-title":"Middle East J Dig Dis"},{"issue":"13","key":"R32-20250804","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4363","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12134363","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori diagnostic tests used in Europe: Results of over 34,000 Patients from the European Registry on Helicobacter pylori management","volume":"12","author":"Garc\u00eda-Morales","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Med"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Gastroenterology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.14309\/ajg.0000000000002600","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,4]],"date-time":"2025-08-04T23:00:48Z","timestamp":1754348448000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.14309\/ajg.0000000000002600"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,17]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14309\/ajg.0000000000002600","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9270","1572-0241"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9270","type":"print"},{"value":"1572-0241","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-06-26","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-10-02","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}