{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T21:32:03Z","timestamp":1787952723580,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Endocrinology Research Centre","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,20]],"date-time":"2022-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642636800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.probl-endojournals.ru\/jour\/about\/editorialPolicies#openAccessPolicy"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.probl-endojournals.ru"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Probl Endokrinol (Mosk)"],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>BACKGROUND<\/jats:bold>:\u00a0The basis for the management of transgender patients is the use of various hormonal correction schemes necessary for changing the hormonal sex and, possibly, further preparation for surgical correction. Currently, the choice of the starting dose and the scheme is carried out empirically, which lengthens the period of selection of therapy and increases the risk of its complications. Taking into account the individual characteristics of the patient can help in optimizing therapy.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>AIM<\/jats:bold>:\u00a0Investigate Factors Affecting the Daily Demand for Testosterone Ester Blends in Transgender Men<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>MATERIALS AND METHODS:<\/jats:bold>\u00a0This study is a case-control observational study. Patients included prior to initiation of testosterone replacement therapy. The analysis of factors interrelated with the daily requirement of testosterone preparations was carried out. Among the factors of interest, the body mass index (BMI), the results of blood tests for total testosterone and the functional state of the liver and kidneys are considered. Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) regimens were evaluated in transgender men. For the\u00a0calculation, we used the formulas for BMI and the average daily dose of testosterone. Based on the data obtained, conclusions were drawn that allow determining the necessary TRT scheme in different trans-gender men at an early stage of hormonal correction.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>RESULTS<\/jats:bold>:\u00a0Our study included 58 transgender FtM patients who were prescribed testosterone preparations with an identical composition. We found a positive correlation between BMI and testosterone dose in patients of group II (p = 0.04).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>CONCLUSION<\/jats:bold>:\u00a0In the conclusion, the obtained schemes of hormonal sex reassignment with a minimum risk of possible complications are presented. Our results demonstrated a relationship between BMI in overweight and obese patients and the need for TRT. For patients with a BMI of 25 to 29 kg \/ m2, the interval between injections of a mixture of testosterone esters does not differ significantly from that in the group with a BMI below 25 kg \/ m2\u00a0and averages once every 18 days, and in the\u00a0group with a BMI \u2265 30 kg \/ m2\u00a0tested testosterone ester preparations should be prescribed once every 2 weeks (14 days).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.14341\/probl12829","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,30]],"date-time":"2022-04-30T08:23:05Z","timestamp":1651306985000},"page":"34-39","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14341\/crossmarkpolicy2018","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The daily dose of testosterone-replacement therapy dependence from the body mass index in FtM transgender PATIENTS"],"prefix":"10.14341","volume":"68","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1935-1110","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"L. Y.","family":"Sergeeva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Almazov National Medical Research Centre"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0559-697X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"A. Yu.","family":"Babenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Almazov National Medical Research Centre"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"5458","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Winter S, Diamond M, Green J, et al. Transgender people: health at the margins of society. Lancet. 2016;388(10042):390-400. doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)00683-8","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)00683-8"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Heylens G, De Cuypere G, Zucker KJ, et al. Gender identity disorder in twins: a review of the case report literature. Sex Med. 2012;9(3):751-757. doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1743-6109.2011.02567.x","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1743-6109.2011.02567.x"},{"key":"ref3","unstructured":"International Medical Standards for Transgender People. Ed. by AYu Babenko, DD Isaev. 3rd ed., St. Petersburg: IG \u00abT-Action\u00bb; 2018. 260 p. (In Russ.)."},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hembree WC, Cohen-Kettenis PT, Gooren L, et al. Endocrine Treatment of Gender-Dysphoric\/Gender-Incongruent Persons: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2017;102(11):3869-3903. doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2017-01658","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2017-01658"},{"key":"ref5","unstructured":"Miklisanskaya SV, Zolozova EA, Safiullina AA, Mazur NA. Visceral obesity in patients with various body mass index. Lechaschi Vrach. 2020;(8):66-70. (In Russ.). doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.26295\/OS.2020.19.39.011"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gamidov SI, Shatylko TV, Gasanov NG. Male health and obesity \u2013 diagnostic and therapeutic approach. Obesity and metabolism. 2019;16(3):29-36. (In Russ.). doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14341\/omet10314","DOI":"10.14341\/omet10314"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu Y, Xu D, Shen H-B, et al. The association between body mass index and testosterone deficiency in aging Chinese men with benign prostatic hyperplasia: results from a cross-sectional study. Aging Male. 2020;23(5):841-846. doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13685538.2019.1604652","DOI":"10.1080\/13685538.2019.1604652"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pivonello R, Menafra D, Riccio E, et al. Metabolic Disorders and Male Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2019;10:345. doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2019.00345","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2019.00345"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lardone MC, Castro A, Pereira A, et al. Role of the Androgen Receptor Gene CAG Repeat Polymorphism on the Sequence of Pubertal Events and Adiposity in Girls with High Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate Level. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2019;32(3):271-277. doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpag.2018.11.012","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2018.11.012"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhan Y, Zhang G, Wang X, et al. Interplay between Cytoplasmic and Nuclear Androgen Receptor Splice Variants Mediates Castration Resistance. Mol Cancer Res. 2017;15(1):59-68. doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/1541-7786.MCR-16-0236","DOI":"10.1158\/1541-7786.MCR-16-0236"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dasgupta S, Sirisha PVS, Neelaveni K, et al. Androgen Receptor CAG Repeat Polymorphism and Epigenetic Influence among the South Indian Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. PLoS One. 2010;5(8):e12401. doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0012401","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0012401"}],"container-title":["Problems of Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.probl-endojournals.ru\/jour\/article\/viewFile\/12829\/10245","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,30]],"date-time":"2022-04-30T14:12:49Z","timestamp":1651327969000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.probl-endojournals.ru\/jour\/article\/view\/12829"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,20]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,30]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14341\/probl12829","relation":{},"ISSN":["2308-1430","0375-9660"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2308-1430","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0375-9660","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,20]]}}}