{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T21:31:35Z","timestamp":1740173495323,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Endocrinology Research Centre","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,4]],"date-time":"2022-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643932800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.probl-endojournals.ru\/jour\/about\/editorialPolicies#openAccessPolicy"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.probl-endojournals.ru"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Probl Endokrinol (Mosk)"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The formation of endocrinology as an independent medical discipline was preceded by the accumulation of medical experience during many centuries. The medicine of the ancient times was developing on the basis of continuity according to the basic principle \u00abrelata refero\u00bb (I tell what I have been told). Medicine and pharmacy in the countries of the ancient world had many similarities, but at the same time each civilization had its own geographical, cultural and historical particularities. The pathology of the thyroid was among the most studied pathologies in Ancient world. There are frequent mentions of the endemic goiter in the works of doctors from Ancient China, Ancient India and Ancient Greece.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Although the link between iodine and the thyroid was not known, algae and dried sea sponges were using for treating swollen neck.<\/jats:p><jats:p>There are many descriptions of neuroendocrine pathologies in historical sources, for example the Bible describes gigantism and the Talmud \u2014 hypoprolactinaemia.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Special attention was paid to the study of diabetes mellitus, although the pathogenesis and treatment of the disease remained unknown until the 20th century.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.14341\/probl12878","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,8]],"date-time":"2022-03-08T16:05:35Z","timestamp":1646755535000},"page":"4-7","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14341\/crossmarkpolicy2018","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The formation of endocrinology in the ancient times"],"prefix":"10.14341","volume":"68","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3914-7910","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"A. N.","family":"Kurinova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology Research Centre"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7379-2139","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"T. V.","family":"Nikitina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology Research Centre"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1359-8297","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"D. A.","family":"Trukhina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology Research Centre"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6539-466X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"E. A.","family":"Pigarova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology Research Centre"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5592-4727","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"A. A.","family":"Trukhin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology Research Centre"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7624-7953","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"V. S.","family":"Yasuchenia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology Research Centre"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"5458","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","unstructured":"Medvei VC. The History of Clinical Endocrinology: A Comprehensive Account of Endocrinology from Earliest Times to the Present Day. New York: The Parthenon Publishing group; 1993."},{"key":"ref2","unstructured":"Kostyakov SE, Demyanenko AN. Historical background for the discovery of insulin. Vestnik of the Smolensk State Medical Academy. 2013;12(3). (in Russ.)."},{"key":"ref3","unstructured":"Churilov LP, Stroev YuI, Ahmanov MS. Essays on the history of medicine. Biographical essays. SpecalLit; 2018 (in Russ.)."},{"key":"ref4","unstructured":"Griffith FL. The Petrie Papyri: Hieratic Papyri from Kahun and Gurob (principally of the Middle Kingdom). London: Bernard Quaritch; 1898. 7 p."},{"key":"ref5","unstructured":"Melnichenko GA. Lecture \u00abEndocrinology in Art\u00bb. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media; 2021. (in Russ.)."},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leoutsakos V. A short history of the thyroid gland. Hormones. 2004;3(4):268-271.","DOI":"10.14310\/horm.2002.11137"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Niazi A, Irfan A, Kalra S, Islam A. Thyroidology over the ages. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2011;15(6):121. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/2230-8210.83347","DOI":"10.4103\/2230-8210.83347"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Eknoyan G, Nagy J. A history of diabetes mellitus or how a disease of the kidneys evolved into a kidney disease. Adv Chronic Kidney Dis. 2005;12(2):223-229. doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.ackd.2005.01.002","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ackd.2005.01.002"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Konstantinidou S, Konstantinidou E. The thyroid gland in ancient Greece: a historical perspective. Hormones. 2018;17(2):287-291. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s42000-018-0039-z","DOI":"10.1007\/s42000-018-0039-z"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cornelius Celsus. De Medicina (On Medicine). Loeb Classical Library edititon (Vol. I), 1935.","DOI":"10.4159\/DLCL.celsus-medicine.1935"}],"container-title":["Problems of Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.probl-endojournals.ru\/jour\/article\/viewFile\/12878\/10217","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,8]],"date-time":"2022-03-08T16:22:18Z","timestamp":1646756538000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.probl-endojournals.ru\/jour\/article\/view\/12878"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,4]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14341\/probl12878","relation":{},"ISSN":["2308-1430","0375-9660"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2308-1430"},{"type":"print","value":"0375-9660"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,4]]}}}