{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T06:44:27Z","timestamp":1782801867361,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Korean Society of Ultrasound in Medicine","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782345600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014188","name":"Ministry of Science and ICT","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014188","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003052","name":"Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003052","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003625","name":"Ministry of Health and Welfare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003625","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003569","name":"Ministry of Food and Drug Safety","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2023-00243901"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2023-00243901"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003569","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Severance Hospital Research Fund for Clinical excellence","award":["C-2024-0020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C-2024-0020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["e-ultrasonography.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ultrasonography"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Purpose: Conventional ultrasound-based bladder volumetry multiplies three orthogonal diameters and applies a heuristic shape coefficient. This approach requires near-simultaneous transverse and sagittal imaging and is vulnerable to interplane misregistration and coefficient-dependent bias. This study evaluated whether a single sagittal B-mode image can provide accurate, patient-specific bladder volume estimation by leveraging sagittal morphology, perivesical echotexture, and latent image features associated with overall bladder geometry.Methods: In this Institutional Review Board\u2013approved, single-center study, participants were scanned in the supine position, and bladder volume was referenced to immediate Foley catheter drainage. Segmentation masks were independently annotated by two sonographers and adjudicated by a urologist. Maximum sagittal length was extracted using OpenCV and included as an auxiliary scalar input. A single-stage deep learning model was developed that receives one sagittal B-mode image and its expert-annotated segmentation mask as input. The model used a lightweight convolutional neural network backbone with integrated self-attention to capture global echotextural cues. Performance on a held-out test set (n=53) was assessed using linear regression, Bland-Altman analysis, mean absolute error, and mean absolute percentage error.Results: The model demonstrated a strong correlation with catheter-derived volumes (R\u00b2=0.87). Bland-Altman analysis showed a mean bias of \u22123.96\u00b148.44 mL, with limits of agreement from \u221298.90 to +90.98 mL. Stratified error analysis showed a mean absolute error of 14.15 mL for volumes of 0\u2013100 mL and a mean absolute percentage error of 16.64% for volumes \u2265100 mL. Attention maps emphasized the bladder wall and perivesical soft tissues, suggesting reliance on contextual echotexture.Conclusion: A deep learning framework using a single sagittal plane estimated bladder volume with accuracy approaching that of two-plane techniques while simplifying image acquisition and eliminating reliance on fixed shape coefficients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.14366\/usg.25258","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T08:35:34Z","timestamp":1782376534000},"page":"393-401","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14366\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A new single-sagittal-plane deep learning approach for continuous bladder volume monitoring: a feasibility study"],"prefix":"10.14366","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6464-3895","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Junhwan","family":"Kwon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4988-6570","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ilseob","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-3643-9416","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sangeun","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9984-1138","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jongsoo","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8952-6444","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yangmo","family":"Yoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"5473","reference":[{"key":"ref1","first-page":"1098","volume-title":"","author":"Abrams","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2008.02.033"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(89)90327-x"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jum.15205"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2014.08.014"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/spv.0000000000000565"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"60","volume-title":"Measurements of urinary bladder volume: comparison of five ultrasound calculation methods in volunteers","author":"Dicuio","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0003-9993(98)90419-1"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/003655902320131839"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2003.11.009"},{"key":"ref11","volume-title":"Instantaneous ultrasonic assessment of urinary bladder volume [Internet]","author":"Merks","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s24061984"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering10050525"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tuffc.2024.3350033"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.23883"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.16.17114"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2405.20454"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/cvpr.2018.00474"},{"key":"ref19","first-page":"323","volume-title":"","author":"Zhang","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.1805.10180"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/cvpr.2019.00584"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tpami.2020.2983686"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.70057"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics14161829"}],"container-title":["Ultrasonography"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/e-ultrasonography.org\/upload\/usg-25258.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/e-ultrasonography.org\/journal\/view.php?doi=10.14366\/usg.25258","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/e-ultrasonography.org\/upload\/usg-25258.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T05:55:14Z","timestamp":1782798914000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/e-ultrasonography.org\/journal\/view.php?doi=10.14366\/usg.25258"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14366\/usg.25258","relation":{},"ISSN":["2288-5919","2288-5943"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2288-5919","type":"print"},{"value":"2288-5943","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-12-08","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication 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