{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,8]],"date-time":"2024-11-08T05:23:19Z","timestamp":1731043399242,"version":"3.28.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Texas Heart Institute Journal","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"abstract":"A major diagnostic challenge for cardiologists is to distinguish cardiac syndrome X (CSX) from obstructive coronary artery disease in women with typical angina and a positive exercise tolerance test (ETT). We performed this study to develop a scoring system that more accurately predicts CSX in this patient population.<\/jats:p>\n Data on 976 women with typical angina and a positive ETT who underwent coronary angiography at our center were randomly divided into derivation and validation datasets. We developed a backward stepwise logistic regression model that predicted the presence of CSX, and a scoring system was derived from it.<\/jats:p>\n The derivation dataset (809 patients) was calibrated by uing a Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test (8 degrees of freedom; \u03c72<\/jats:sup>=12.9; P<\/jats:italic>=0.115), and the area under the curve was 0.758. The validation dataset (167 patients) was calibrated in the same way (8 degrees of freedom; \u03c72<\/jats:sup>=9.0; P<\/jats:italic>=0.339), and the area under the curve was 0.782. Independent predictors of CSX were age <55 years; negative histories of smoking, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, or familial premature coronary artery disease; and highly positive ETTs. A total score >9.5 was the optimal cutoff point for differentiating CSX from obstructive coronary artery disease.<\/jats:p>\n Our proposed scoring system is a simple, objective, and accurate system for distinguishing CSX from obstructive coronary artery disease in women with typical angina and positive ETTs. It may help determine which of these patients need invasive coronary angiograms or noninvasive tests like computed tomographic coronary angiography.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.14503\/thij-16-5906","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,28]],"date-time":"2018-02-28T20:24:50Z","timestamp":1519849490000},"page":"5-10","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Novel Scoring System for Prediction of Cardiac Syndrome X in Women with Typical Angina and a Positive Exercise Tolerance Test"],"prefix":"10.14503","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Farzad","family":"Masoudkabir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Vasheghani-Farahani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elham","family":"Hakki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hamidreza","family":"Poorhosseini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saeed","family":"Sadeghian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seyed Hesameddin","family":"Abbasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shahram","family":"Bahmanyar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seyed Ebrahim","family":"Kassaian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"5628","reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"i1526-6702-45-1-5-b1","series-title":"Clin Res Cardiol","first-page":"375","article-title":"Percutaneous coronary interventions in Europe: prevalence, numerical estimates, and projections based on data up to 2004","volume":"96","year":"2007","unstructured":"Cook\n S\n , WalkerA, HugliO, TogniM, MeierB.\n Percutaneous coronary interventions in Europe: prevalence, numerical estimates, and projections based on data up to 2004. Clin Res Cardiol2007;96( 6):375\u201382."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1526-6702-45-1-5-b2","series-title":"Int J Cardiol","first-page":"113","article-title":"Cardiac syndrome X: current concepts","volume":"142","year":"2010","unstructured":"Singh\n M\n , SinghS, AroraR, KhoslaS.\n Cardiac syndrome X: current concepts. Int J Cardiol2010;142( 2):113\u20139."},{"issue":"24","key":"i1526-6702-45-1-5-b3","series-title":"JAMA","first-page":"3124","article-title":"Benefit of an early invasive management strategy in women with acute coronary syndromes","volume":"288","year":"2002","unstructured":"Glaser\n R\n , HerrmannHC, MurphySA, DemopoulosLA, Di-BattistePM, CannonCP, BraunwaldE.\n Benefit of an early invasive management strategy in women with acute coronary syndromes. JAMA2002;288( 24):3124\u20139."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1526-6702-45-1-5-b4","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"226","article-title":"Sex, clinical presentation, and outcome in patients with acute coronary syndromes. Global Use of Strategies to Open Occluded Coronary Arteries in Acute Coronary Syndromes IIb Investigators","volume":"341","year":"1999","unstructured":"Hochman\n JS\n , TamisJE, ThompsonTD, WeaverWD, WhiteHD, Van de WerfF, \n et al. Sex, clinical presentation, and outcome in patients with acute coronary syndromes. Global Use of Strategies to Open Occluded Coronary Arteries in Acute Coronary Syndromes IIb Investigators. N Engl J Med1999;341( 4):226\u201332."},{"issue":"(3):","key":"i1526-6702-45-1-5-b5","series-title":"Cathet Cardiovasc Diagn","first-page":"219","article-title":"Cardiac catheterization 1991: a report of the Registry of the Society for Cardiac Angiography and Interventions (SCA&I)","volume":"28","year":"1993","unstructured":"Johnson\n LW\n , KroneR.\n Cardiac catheterization 1991: a report of the Registry of the Society for Cardiac Angiography and Interventions (SCA&I). Cathet Cardiovasc Diagn1993;28( (3):):219\u201320."},{"issue":"5","key":"i1526-6702-45-1-5-b6","series-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol","first-page":"1013","article-title":"Long-term prognosis of patients with anginalike chest pain and normal coronary angiographic findings","volume":"25","year":"1995","unstructured":"Lichtlen\n PR\n , BargheerK, WenzlaffP.\n Long-term prognosis of patients with anginalike chest pain and normal coronary angiographic findings. J Am Coll Cardiol1995;25( 5):1013\u20138."},{"issue":"14","key":"i1526-6702-45-1-5-b7","series-title":"Can J Cardiol","first-page":"1417","article-title":"Revascularization use and survival outcomes after cardiac catheterization in British Columbia and Alberta","volume":"20","year":"2004","unstructured":"Thompson\n CR\n , HumphriesKH, GaoM, GalbraithPD, NorrisC, CarereRG, \n et al. Revascularization use and survival outcomes after cardiac catheterization in British Columbia and Alberta. Can J Cardiol2004;20( 14):1417\u201323."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1526-6702-45-1-5-b8","series-title":"Coron Artery Dis","first-page":"9","article-title":"Sex-related differences in the angiographic results of 14,500 cases referred for suspected coronary artery disease","volume":"19","year":"2008","unstructured":"Giannoglou\n GD\n , AntoniadisAP, ChatzizisisYS, DamvopoulouE, ParcharidisGE, LouridasGE.\n Sex-related differences in the angiographic results of 14,500 cases referred for suspected coronary artery disease. Coron Artery Dis2008;19( 1):9\u201314."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1526-6702-45-1-5-b9","series-title":"Am J Cardiol","first-page":"375","article-title":"Left ventricular function in patients with the anginal syndrome and normal coronary arteriograms","volume":"32","year":"1973","unstructured":"Kemp\n HG\n Jr.\n \n \n Left ventricular function in patients with the anginal syndrome and normal coronary arteriograms. Am J Cardiol1973;32( 3):375\u20136."},{"issue":"15","key":"i1526-6702-45-1-5-b10","series-title":"Dtsch Med Wochenschr","first-page":"942","article-title":"Typical angina pectoris complaints without coronary macroangiopathy [in German]","volume":"130","year":"2005","unstructured":"Gronke\n S\n , SchmidtM, SchwingerRH.\n Typical angina pectoris complaints without coronary macroangiopathy [in German]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr2005;130( 15):942\u20135."},{"issue":"9","key":"i1526-6702-45-1-5-b11","series-title":"Int J Clin Pract","first-page":"1063","article-title":"Cardiac syndrome X","volume":"59","year":"2005","unstructured":"Asbury\n EA\n , CollinsP.\n Cardiac syndrome X. Int J Clin Pract2005;59( 9):1063\u20139."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1526-6702-45-1-5-b12","series-title":"Heart","first-page":"159","article-title":"Cardiac syndrome X: a critical overview and future perspectives","volume":"93","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lanza\n GA.\n \n \n Cardiac syndrome X: a critical overview and future perspectives. Heart2007;93( 2):159\u201366."},{"issue":"8","key":"i1526-6702-45-1-5-b13","series-title":"Clin Res Cardiol","first-page":"475","article-title":"Definitions and incidence of cardiac syndrome X: review and analysis of clinical data","volume":"99","year":"2010","unstructured":"Vermeltfoort\n IA\n , RaijmakersPG, RiphagenII, OdekerkenDA, KuijperAF, ZwijnenburgA, TeuleGJ.\n Definitions and incidence of cardiac syndrome X: review and analysis of clinical data. Clin Res Cardiol2010;99( 8):475\u201381."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1526-6702-45-1-5-b14","series-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol","first-page":"807","article-title":"Cardiac syndrome X: clinical characteristics and left ventricular function. Long-term follow-up study","volume":"25","year":"1995","unstructured":"Kaski\n JC\n , RosanoGM, CollinsP, NihoyannopoulosP, MaseriA, Poole-WilsonPA.\n Cardiac syndrome X: clinical characteristics and left ventricular function. Long-term follow-up study. J Am Coll Cardiol1995;25( 4):807\u201314."},{"issue":"6933","key":"i1526-6702-45-1-5-b15","series-title":"BMJ","first-page":"883","article-title":"Chest pain in women: clinical, investigative, and prognostic features","volume":"308","year":"1994","unstructured":"Sullivan\n AK\n , HoldrightDR, WrightCA, SparrowJL, CunninghamD, FoxKM.\n Chest pain in women: clinical, investigative, and prognostic features. BMJ1994;308( 6933):883\u20136."},{"issue":"7","key":"i1526-6702-45-1-5-b16","series-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol","first-page":"2114","article-title":"American College of Cardiology key data elements and definitions for measuring the clinical management and outcomes of patients with acute coronary syndromes. A report of the American College of Cardiology Task Force on Clinical Data Standards (Acute Coronary Syndromes Writing Committee)","volume":"38","year":"2001","unstructured":"Cannon\n CP\n , BattlerA, BrindisRG, CoxJL, EllisSG, EveryNR, \n et al. American College of Cardiology key data elements and definitions for measuring the clinical management and outcomes of patients with acute coronary syndromes. A report of the American College of Cardiology Task Force on Clinical Data Standards (Acute Coronary Syndromes Writing Committee). J Am Coll Cardiol2001;38( 7):2114\u201330."},{"key":"i1526-6702-45-1-5-b17","series-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol","first-page":"5","article-title":"Silent coronary artery disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus: the role of lipoprotein(a), homocysteine and apo(a) polymorphism","volume":"1","year":"2002","unstructured":"Gazzaruso\n C\n , GarzanitiA, GiordanettiS, FalconeC, FratinoP.\n Silent coronary artery disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus: the role of lipoprotein(a), homocysteine and apo(a) polymorphism. Cardiovasc Diabetol2002;1:5."},{"issue":"25","key":"i1526-6702-45-1-5-b18","series-title":"Circulation","first-page":"3097","article-title":"2012 ACCF\/AHA\/ACP\/AATS\/PCNA\/SCAI\/STS guideline for the diagnosis and management of patients with stable ischemic heart disease: executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation\/American Heart Association task force on practice guidelines, and the American College of Physicians, American Association for Thoracic Surgery, Preventive Cardiovascular Nurses Association, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, and Society of Thoracic Surgeons [published erratum appears in Circulation 2014;129(16):e462]","volume":"126","year":"2012","unstructured":"Fihn\n SD\n , GardinJM, AbramsJ, BerraK, BlankenshipJC, DallasAP, \n et al. 2012 ACCF\/AHA\/ACP\/AATS\/PCNA\/SCAI\/STS guideline for the diagnosis and management of patients with stable ischemic heart disease: executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation\/American Heart Association task force on practice guidelines, and the American College of Physicians, American Association for Thoracic Surgery, Preventive Cardiovascular Nurses Association, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, and Society of Thoracic Surgeons [published erratum appears in Circulation 2014;129(16):e462]. Circulation2012;126( 25):3097\u2013137."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1526-6702-45-1-5-b19","series-title":"Hormones (Athens)","first-page":"170","article-title":"Cardiovascular safety of type 2 diabetes medications: review of existing literature and clinical implications","volume":"15","year":"2016","unstructured":"Paredes\n S\n , Matta-CoelhoC, MonteiroAM, BrasA, MarquesO, AlvesM, RibeiroL.\n Cardiovascular safety of type 2 diabetes medications: review of existing literature and clinical implications. Hormones (Athens)2016;15( 2):170\u201385."},{"year":"2003","series-title":"The statistical evaluation of medical tests for classification and prediction","key":"i1526-6702-45-1-5-b20","unstructured":"Pepe\n M.\n \n \n The statistical evaluation of medical tests for classification and prediction. New York: Oxford University Press; 2003."},{"issue":"7","key":"i1526-6702-45-1-5-b21","series-title":"Am J Epidemiol","first-page":"670","article-title":"The inconsistency of \u201coptimal\u201d cutpoints obtained using two criteria based on the receiver operating characteristic curve","volume":"163","year":"2006","unstructured":"Perkins\n NJ\n , SchistermanEF.\n The inconsistency of \u201coptimal\u201d cutpoints obtained using two criteria based on the receiver operating characteristic curve. Am J Epidemiol2006;163( 7):670\u20135."},{"issue":"10 Suppl","key":"i1526-6702-45-1-5-b22","series-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol","first-page":"A1621","article-title":"A novel scoring system for prediction of cardiac syndrome X in women with typical angina and positive exercise tolerance test: implications for non-invasive imaging [abstract]","volume":"65","year":"2015","unstructured":"Masoudkabir\n F\n , Vasheghani-FarahaniA, KassaianSE.\n A novel scoring system for prediction of cardiac syndrome X in women with typical angina and positive exercise tolerance test: implications for non-invasive imaging [abstract]. J Am Coll Cardiol2015;65( 10 Suppl):A1621."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1526-6702-45-1-5-b23","series-title":"Can J Cardiol","first-page":"107","article-title":"CCS\/CAR\/CANM\/CNCS\/CanSCMR joint position statement on advanced noninvasive cardiac imaging using positron emission tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and multidetector computed tomographic angiography in the diagnosis and evaluation of ischemic heart disease--executive summary","volume":"23","year":"2007","unstructured":"Beanlands\n RS\n , ChowBJ, DickA, FriedrichMG, GulenchynKY, KiessM, \n et al. CCS\/CAR\/CANM\/CNCS\/CanSCMR joint position statement on advanced noninvasive cardiac imaging using positron emission tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and multidetector computed tomographic angiography in the diagnosis and evaluation of ischemic heart disease--executive summary. Can J Cardiol2007;232107\u201319."},{"issue":"11","key":"i1526-6702-45-1-5-b24","series-title":"Circulation","first-page":"1464","article-title":"New technology for noninvasive evaluation of coronary artery disease","volume":"115","year":"2007","unstructured":"Di Carli\n MF\n , HachamovitchR.\n New technology for noninvasive evaluation of coronary artery disease. Circulation2007;115( 11):1464\u201380."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1526-6702-45-1-5-b25","series-title":"Am Heart J","first-page":"404","article-title":"Meta-analysis of comparative diagnostic performance of magnetic resonance imaging and multislice computed tomography for noninvasive coronary angiography","volume":"151","year":"2006","unstructured":"Schuijf\n JD\n , BaxJJ, ShawLJ, de RoosA, LambHJ, van der WallEE, WijnsW.\n Meta-analysis of comparative diagnostic performance of magnetic resonance imaging and multislice computed tomography for noninvasive coronary angiography. Am Heart J2006;151( 2):404\u201311."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1526-6702-45-1-5-b26","series-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Imaging","first-page":"16","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy and impact of computed tomographic coronary angiography on utilization of invasive coronary angiography","volume":"2","year":"2009","unstructured":"Chow\n BJ\n , AbrahamA, WellsGA, ChenL, RuddyTD, YamY, \n et al. Diagnostic accuracy and impact of computed tomographic coronary angiography on utilization of invasive coronary angiography. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging2009;2( 1):16\u201323."},{"issue":"(6):","key":"i1526-6702-45-1-5-b27","series-title":"J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr","first-page":"407.e1","article-title":"ACCF\/SCCT\/ACR\/AHA\/ASE\/ASNC\/NASCI\/SCAI\/SCMR 2010 Appropriate Use Criteria for Cardiac Computed Tomography. A report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation Appropriate Use Criteria Task Force, the Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography, the American College of Radiology, the American Heart Association, the American Society of Echocardiography, the American Society of Nuclear Cardiology, the North American Society for Cardiovascular Imaging, the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, and the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance","volume":"4","year":"2010","unstructured":"Taylor\n AJ\n , CerqueiraM, HodgsonJM, MarkD, MinJ, O'GaraP, \n et al. ACCF\/SCCT\/ACR\/AHA\/ASE\/ASNC\/NASCI\/SCAI\/SCMR 2010 Appropriate Use Criteria for Cardiac Computed Tomography. A report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation Appropriate Use Criteria Task Force, the Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography, the American College of Radiology, the American Heart Association, the American Society of Echocardiography, the American Society of Nuclear Cardiology, the North American Society for Cardiovascular Imaging, the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, and the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance. J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr2010;4(6):407.e1\u201333."}],"container-title":["Texas Heart Institute Journal"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/thij.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/thij\/45\/1\/article-p5.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/thij\/article-pdf\/45\/1\/5\/1968236\/thij-16-5906.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thij.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/thij\/45\/1\/article-p5.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thij.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/thij\/45\/1\/article-p5.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,7]],"date-time":"2024-11-07T15:34:43Z","timestamp":1730993683000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thij.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/thij\/45\/1\/article-p5.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14503\/thij-16-5906","relation":{},"ISSN":["0730-2347","1526-6702"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0730-2347"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1526-6702"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]}}}