{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T15:58:38Z","timestamp":1760889518944,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Associacao Profissional de Conservadores-Restauradores de Portugal","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cons. Patrim\u00f3nio"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This work intends to study a set of Hispano-Moresque tile fragments from the Lisbon Roman Theatre Museum collection. The chemical and morphological characterization of the glazes and the ceramic body was presented and also the mineralogical characterization of the latter. The glazes are plumbic, being the opacity of the white and blue colors due to SnO2 (4-11 %). The other colors present amounts of SnO2 lower than 2 %. The ceramic body is typical of calcite-based pastes with CaO between 16-28 % and Fe2O3 between 4-5 %, the latter being responsible for the cream\/ rose color. The mineralogical study identified wollastonite, calcite, diopside and calcic plagioclases. The results indicate that the firing temperature was generally around 1000 \u00baC while in some cases it was probably closer to 900 \u00baC. Physical characterization revealed values of 30-42 % for open porosity, a bimodal pore size distribution, a maximum water absorption of 16-26 % and a water absorption coefficient by capillarity of 1,5-6,1 kg\u00b7m-2\u00b7h-1\/2.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.14568\/cp2017011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,10]],"date-time":"2017-12-10T12:01:13Z","timestamp":1512907273000},"page":"25-39","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Chemical, physical and mineralogical characterisation of the Hispano- Moresque tile collection from Lisbon Roman Theatre Museum"],"prefix":"10.14568","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6160-5837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Sofia","family":"Leal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Conserva\u00e7\u00e3o e Restauro, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; VICARTE, Unidade de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Vidro e Cer\u00e2mica para as Artes, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5369-5019","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu\u00eds C.","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2338-8960","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susana","family":"Coentro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Conserva\u00e7\u00e3o e Restauro, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; VICARTE, Unidade de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Vidro e Cer\u00e2mica para as Artes, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; LAQV-REQUIMTE, DQ, FCT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3070-743X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S\u00edlvia","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Nacional de Engenharia Civil \u2013 LNEC, Av. Brasil 101, 1700-066 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"C\u00e1tia","family":"Relvas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio HERCULES, Universidade de \u00c9vora, Largo Marqu\u00eas de Marialva 8, 7000-809 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7902-8900","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teresa","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio HERCULES, Universidade de \u00c9vora, Largo Marqu\u00eas de Marialva 8, 7000-809 \u00c9vora, Portugal; Departamento de Qu\u00edmica, Universidade de \u00c9vora, Rua Rom\u00e3o Ramalho, 59, 7000-671 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0103-3448","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Mir\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio HERCULES, Universidade de \u00c9vora, Largo Marqu\u00eas de Marialva 8, 7000-809 \u00c9vora, Portugal; Departamento de Geoci\u00eancias, Universidade de \u00c9vora, Rua Rom\u00e3o Ramalho, 59, 7000-671 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"given":"L\u00eddia","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Museu de Lisboa \u2013 Teatro Romano, P\u00e1tio do Aljube 5, 1100-091 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5488-9069","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"V\u00e2nia Solange","family":"Muralha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VICARTE, Unidade de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Vidro e Cer\u00e2mica para as Artes, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]}],"member":"5676","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,10]]},"reference":[{"unstructured":"[1] Trindade, R., Revestimentos Cer\u00e2micos Portugueses-Meados s\u00e9culo XIV \u00e0 primeira metade do s\u00e9culo XVI, Edi\u00e7\u00f5es Colibri, Lisboa (2007).","key":"ref0"},{"unstructured":"[2] Santos, R., O Azulejo em Portugal, Editorial Sul Limitada, Lisboa (1957).","key":"ref1"},{"unstructured":"[3] Porter,V., Islamic Tiles, The British Museum Press, London (1995).","key":"ref2"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[4] Mason, R.; Tite, M., 'The beginnings of tin-opacification of pottery glazes', Archaeometry 39 (1997) 41-58, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1475-4754.1997.tb00789.x.","key":"ref3","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-4754.1997.tb00789.x"},{"unstructured":"[5] Matthes, W., Vidriados Cer\u00e1micos: Fundamentos, Propriedades, Recetas, M\u00e9todos, Ediciones Omega, S.A., Barcelona (1990).","key":"ref4"},{"unstructured":"[6] Sabo, R.; Falcato, J., Azulejos: Arte e Hist\u00f3ria, Edi\u00e7\u00f5es INAPA, Lisboa (1998).","key":"ref5"},{"unstructured":"[7] Costa, M., 'Study of 19th century wall tiles for technical replicas development', tese de doutoramento, Departamento de Engenharia Civil - Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro (2013), http:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/10773\/12103.","key":"ref6"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[8] Riccardi, M. P.; Duminuco, P.; Tomasi, C.; Ferloni, P., 'Thermal, microscopic and X-ray diffraction studies on some ancient mortars', Termochimica Acta 321(1-2) (1998) 207-214, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0040-6031(98)00461-4.","key":"ref7","DOI":"10.1016\/s0040-6031(98)00461-4"},{"unstructured":"[9] Allan, J. W., 'Abu'l-Qasim's treatise on ceramics', Iran - Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies 11 (1973) 111-120.","key":"ref8"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[10] Allan, J.; Llewellyn, L.R.; Schweizer, F., 'The history of socalled egyptian faience in Islamic Persia: investigations into Abu'l-Qasims treatise', Archaeometry 15(2) (1973) 165-173, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1475-4754.1973.tb00087.x.","key":"ref9","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-4754.1973.tb00087.x"},{"unstructured":"[11] Parra, J., Azulejos: Pain\u00e9is do S\u00e9culos XVI ao S\u00e9culo XX, vol. 1, Santa Casa da Miseric\u00f3rdia de Lisboa, Lisboa (1994).","key":"ref10"},{"unstructured":"[12] Barros, L.; Cardoso, G.; Gon\u00e7alves, A., 'Primeira not\u00edcia do forno de S. Ant\u00f3nio da Charneca - Barreiro', in Actas das 3as Jornadas de Cer\u00e2mica Medieval e P\u00f3s-Medieval, C\u00e2mara Municipal de Tondela, Tondela (2003) 295-307.","key":"ref11"},{"unstructured":"[13] Fernandes, L., 'Teatro romano de Lisboa - os caminhos da descoberta e os percursos da investiga\u00e7\u00e3o arqueol\u00f3gica', Al-Madan 15 (2007) 27-39.","key":"ref12"},{"unstructured":"[14] Fernandes, L., 'Teatro romano de Olisipo: a marca do novo poder romano', in Arqueologia em Portugal, 150 Anos, ed. J. M. Arnaud, A. Martins & C. Neves, Associa\u00e7\u00e3o dos Arque\u00f3logos Portugueses, Lisboa (2013) 765-773.","key":"ref13"},{"unstructured":"[15] Fernandes, L., 'Museu do Teatro Romano (2001-2013): Balan\u00e7o de uma d\u00e9cada de interven\u00e7\u00e3o e novos projectos para o espa\u00e7o museol\u00f3gico', Al-Madan 18 (2013) 51-62.","key":"ref14"},{"unstructured":"[16] Fernandes, L.; Almeida, R. F., 'Um Celeiro da Mitra no Teatro Romano de Lisboa: in\u00e9rcias e muta\u00e7\u00f5es de um espa\u00e7o do s\u00e9c. XVI \u00e0 actualidade', in Velhos e Novos Mundos Estudos de Arqueologia Moderna, ed. A. Teixeira & J. A. Bettencourt, vol. 1, Centro de Hist\u00f3ria de Al\u00e9m-Mar, Lisboa (2012) 111-122.","key":"ref15"},{"unstructured":"[17] Fernandes, L.; Almeida, R. F.; Loureiro, C., 'Entre o teatro romano e a S\u00e9 de Lisboa: evolu\u00e7\u00e3o urban\u00edstica e marcos arquitect\u00f3nicos da antiguidade \u00e0 reconstru\u00e7\u00e3o pombalina', Revista de Hist\u00f3ria de Arte 11 (2014) 19-33.","key":"ref16"},{"unstructured":"[18] 'Tombo da Cidade de Lisboa em 1755, que est\u00e1 no Arquivo Nacional da Torre do Tombo, feita sobre uma copia do mesmo tombo, da letra de Jos\u00e9 Valentim de Freitas; que est\u00e1 na Associa\u00e7\u00e3o dos Arque\u00f3logos, por Jo\u00e3o Marques da Silva, em Junho de 1894', documento, Museu da Cidade, Lisboa.","key":"ref17"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[19] Santos, T.; Vaz, M. F.; Pinto, M. L.; Carvalho, A. P., 'Porosity characterization of old Portuguese ceramic tiles', Construction and Building Materials 28 (2012) 104-110, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2011.08.004.","key":"ref18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2011.08.004"},{"unstructured":"[20] 'Determina\u00e7\u00e3o da absor\u00e7\u00e3o de \u00e1gua e da porosidade aberta', EN ISO 10545-3, Instituto Portugu\u00eas de Qualidade (2004).","key":"ref19"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[21] Coentro, S.; Trindade, R.; Mir\u00e3o, J.; Candeias, A.; Alves, L.; Silva, R.; Muralha, 'Hispano-Moresque ceramic tiles from the Monastery of Santa Clara-a-Velha (Coimbra, Portugal)', Journal of Archaeological Science 41 (2014) 21-28, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jas.2013.07.031.","key":"ref20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jas.2013.07.031"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[22] Pradell, T.; Molina, G.; Pla, J.; Labrador, A., 'The use of micro-XRD for the study of g aze color decorations', Applied Physics A 111 (2012) 121-127, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00339-012-7445-x.","key":"ref21","DOI":"10.1007\/s00339-012-7445-x"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[23] Molera, J.; Vendrell-Saz, M.; P\u00e9rez-Arantegui, J., 'Chemical and Textural Characterization of tin glazes in Islamic ceramics from Eastern Spain', Journal of Archaeological Science 28 (2001) 331-340, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1006\/jasc.2000.0606.","key":"ref22","DOI":"10.1006\/jasc.2000.0606"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[24] Vendrell-Saz, M.; Molera, J.; Roqu\u00e9-Rosell, J.; P\u00e9rez-Arangueti, J., 'Islamic and Hispano-Moresque (m\u00fadejar) lead glazes in Spain: a technical approach', Geological Society of London Special Publications 257(1) (2006) 163-173, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1144\/GSL.SP.2006.257.01.12.","key":"ref23","DOI":"10.1144\/gsl.sp.2006.257.01.13"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[25] Molera, J.; Vendrell-Saz, M.; Garcia-Vall\u00e9s, M.; Pradell, T., 'Technology and colour development of Hispano-Moresque lead-glazed pottery', Archeometry 39(1) (1997) 23-39, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.111\/j.1475-4754.1997.tb00788.x.","key":"ref24","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-4754.1997.tb00788.x"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[26] Buxeda i Garrig\u00f3s, J. (1999) 'Alteration and contamination of archaeological ceramics: the perturbations problem', Journal of Archaeological Science 26 (3) (1999) 295-313, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1006\/jasc.1998.0390.","key":"ref25","DOI":"10.1006\/jasc.1998.0390"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[27] Bendaoud, R.; Guilherme A.; Zegzouti, A.; Elaatmani, M.; Coroado, J.; Carvalho, M. L., Queralt, I., 'Elemental mapping of Moroccan enamelled terracotta tole works (Zellij) based on X-ray micro-analyses', Applied Radiation and Isotopes 82 (2013) 60-66, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apradiso.2013.07.001.","key":"ref26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2013.07.001"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[28] Manson, R.; Golombek, L., 'The petrography of Iranian Safavid ceramics', Journal of Archaeological Science 30 (2003) 251-261, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1006\/jasc.2002.0712.","key":"ref27","DOI":"10.1006\/jasc.2002.0712"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[29] Mason, R.; Tite, M., 'The beginnigs of Islamic stonepaste technology', Archaeometry 36(1) (1994) 77-91, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1475-4754.1994.tb01066.x.","key":"ref28","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-4754.1994.tb01066.x"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[30] Amor\u00f3s, J. L.; Orts, M. J.; Mestre, S.; Garc\u00eda-Ten, J.; Feliu, C., 'Porous single-fired wall tile bodies: influence of quartz particle size on tile properties', Journal of the European Ceramic Society 30 (2010) 17-28, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jeurceramsoc.2009.08.001.","key":"ref29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jeurceramsoc.2009.08.001"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[31] Ferreira, L.; Concei\u00e7\u00e3o, D.; Ferreira, D.; Santos, L.; Casimiro, T.; Machado, I., 'Portuguese 16th century tiles from Santo Ant\u00f3nio da Charneca's kiln: a spectroscopic characterization of pigments, glazes and pastes', Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 45 (2014) 838-847, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jrs.4551.","key":"ref30","DOI":"10.1002\/jrs.4551"},{"unstructured":"[32] Molera, J.; Pradell, T.; Salvad\u00f3, N.; Vendrell-Saz, M., 'Lead frits in Islamic and Hispano-Moresque glazed productions', in From Mine to Microscope: Advances in the Study of Ancient Technology, ed. A. J. Shortland, I. Freestone, T. Rehren, Oxhow Books, Oxford (2009) 1-10.","key":"ref31"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[33] Tite, M.; Freestone, I.; Mason, R.; Molera, J.; Vendrell-Saz, M.; Wood, N., 'Lead glazes in Antiquity. Methods of production and reason for use', Archaeometry 40(2) (1998) 241-260, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1475-4754.1998.tb00836.x.","key":"ref32","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-4754.1998.tb00836.x"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[34] Rold\u00e1n-Garc\u00eda, C.; Coll, J.; Ferrero, J., 'EDXRF analysis of blue pigments used in Valencian ceramics from the 14th century to modern times', Journal of Cultural Heritage 7 (2006) 134-138, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.culher.2006.02.003.","key":"ref33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.culher.2006.02.003"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[35] P\u00e9rez-Arangueti, J.; Montull, B.; Resano, M.; Ortega, J. M., 'Materials and technological evolution of ancient cobalt-blue-decorated ceramics: pigments and work patterns in tin-glazed objects from Aragon (Spain) from the 15th to the 18th century AD', Journal of the European Ceramic Society 29 (2009) 2499-2509, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jeurceramsoc.2009.03.004.","key":"ref34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jeurceramsoc.2009.03.004"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[36] Gratuze, B.; Soulier, I.; Barrandon, J.; Foy, D. (1995) 'The origin of cobalt blue pigments in French glass from the thirteenth to the eighteenth centuries', in Trade and Discovery: The Scientific Study of Artefacts from Post-Medieval Europe and Beyond, ed. D. R. Hook & D. R. M. Gaimster, British Museum Press, London (1995) 123-133.","key":"ref35","DOI":"10.2307\/3106872"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[37] Gratuze, B.; Soulier, I.; Blet, M.; Vallauri, L., 'De l'\u00f3rigine du cobalt: du verre \u00e0 la c\u00e9ramique', Revue d'Arch\u00e9ometrie 20(1) (1996) 77-94, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3406\/arsci.1996.939.","key":"ref36","DOI":"10.3406\/arsci.1996.939"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[38] Coentro, S.; M moso, J. M.; Lima, A.; Silva, A.; Pais, A.; Muralha, V. S., 'Multi-anaytical identification of pigments and pigment mixtures used in 17th century Portuguese azulejos', Journal of the European Ceramic Society 32(1) (2012) 37-48, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jeurceramsoc.2011.07.021.","key":"ref37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jeurceramsoc.2011.07.021"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[39] Molera, J.; Pradell, T.; Salvad\u00f3, N.; Vendrell-Saz, M., 'Interactions between clay and bodies and lead glazes', Journal of the American Ceramics Society 84(5) (2001) 1120-28, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1151-2916.2001.tb00799.x.","key":"ref38","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1151-2916.2001.tb00799.x"},{"unstructured":"[40] P\u00e9rez-Arantegui, J.; Ortega, J.M.; Escriche C., 'La tecnolog\u00eda de la ceramic mud\u00e9jar entre los siglos XIV y XVI: Las producciones esmaltadas de las zonas de Teruel y Zaragoza', Avances en Arqueometr\u00eda 2005. Actas del VI Congreso Ib\u00e9rico de Arqueometria, ed. J. Molera i Marimon, J. Frajas i Silva, P. Roura i Grabulosa & T. Pradell i Cara, Universitat i Futur, Girona (2005) 89-95.","key":"ref39"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[41] Vendrell-Saz, M.; Molera, J.; Tite, M., 'Optical properties of tin-opacified glazes', Archaeometry 42(2) (2000) 325-340, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1475-4754.2000.tb.00885.x.","key":"ref40","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-4754.2000.tb00885.x"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[42] Guilherme, A.; Coroado, J.; Carvalho, M. L., 'Chemical and mineralogical characterization on glazes of ceramics from Coimbra (Portugal) from the sixteenth to nineteenth centuries', Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 395 (2009) 2051-2059, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00216-009-3132-y.","key":"ref41","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-009-3132-y"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[43] Tite, M.,'The production technology of Italian maiolica: a reassessment', Journal of Archaeological Science 36 (2009) 2065-2080, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jas.2009.07.006.","key":"ref42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jas.2009.07.006"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[44] Molera, J.; Pradell, T.; Vendrell-Saz, M., 'The colour of Carich ceramic pastes: origin and characterization', Applied Clay Science 13 (1998) 187-202, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0169-1317(98)00024-6.","key":"ref43","DOI":"10.1016\/s0169-1317(98)00024-6"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[45] Mirti, P., 'On the use of colour coordinates to evaluate firing temperatures of ancient pottery', Archeometry 40(1) (1998) 45-57, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1475-4754.1998.tb00823.x.","key":"ref44","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-4754.1998.tb00823.x"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[46] Pradell, T.; Molera, J.; Salvad\u00f3, N.; Labrador, A., 'Synchrotron radiation micro-XRD in the study of glaze technology', Applied Physics A 99 (2010) 407-417, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00339-010-5639-7.","key":"ref45","DOI":"10.1007\/s00339-010-5639-7"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[47] Hajjaji, M.; Kacim, S., 'Clay-calcite mixes: sintering and phase formation', British Ceramic Transactions 103 (2004) 29-32, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1179\/096797804225012701.","key":"ref46","DOI":"10.1179\/096797804225012701"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[48] Rathossi, C.; Pontikes, Y., 'Effect of firing temperature and atmosphere on ceramic made of NW Peloponnese clay sediments. Part I: Reaction paths, crystalline phases, microstructure and colour', Journal of the European Ceramic Society 30(9) (2010) 1841-1852, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jeurceramsoc.2010.02.002.","key":"ref47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jeurceramsoc.2010.02.002"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[49] Traor\u00e9, K.; Kabr\u00e9, T. S.; Blanchart, P., 'Gehlenite and anorthite crystallisation from kaolinite and calcite mix', Ceramic International 29(4) (2003) 377-383, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0272-8842(02)00148-7.","key":"ref48","DOI":"10.1016\/s0272-8842(02)00148-7"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[50] Duminuco, P.; Messiga, B.; Riccardi, M. P., 'Firing process of natural clays. Some microtextures and related phase compositions', Termochimica Acta 321 (1998) 185-190, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0040-6031(98)00458-4.","key":"ref49","DOI":"10.1016\/s0040-6031(98)00458-4"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[51] Trindade, M. J.; Dias, M. I.; Coroado, J.; Rocha, F., 'Mineralogical transformations of calcareous rich clays with firing: a comparative study between calcite and dolomite rich clays from Algarve, Portugal', Applied Clay Science 42 (2009) 345-355, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clay.2008.02.008.","key":"ref50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clay.2008.02.008"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[52] Zuluaga, M. C.; Alonso-Olazabal, A.; Olivares, M.; Ortega, L.; Murelaga, X.; Bienes, J. J.; Sarmiento, A.; Etxebarria, N., 'Classification of glazed potteries from Christian and Muslim territories (Late Medieval Ages, IX-XIII centuries) by micro-Raman spectroscopy', Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 43 (2012) 1811-1816, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jrs.4056.","key":"ref51","DOI":"10.1002\/jrs.4056"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[53] Carretero, M. I.; Dondi, M.; Fabbri, B.; Raimondo, M., 'The influence of shaping and firing technology on ceramic properties of calcareous and non-calcareous illitic-chloritic clays', Applied Clay Science 20 (2002) 301-306, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0169-1317( 1)00076-X.","key":"ref52","DOI":"10.1016\/s0169-1317(01)00076-x"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"[54] Carvalho, A. P.; Vaz, M. F.; Samora, M.; Pires, J., 'Characterization of ceramic pastes of Portuguese ancient tiles', Materials Science Forum 514-516 (2006) 1648-1652, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/MSF.514-516.1648.","key":"ref53","DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/msf.514-516.1648"},{"unstructured":"[55] Pereira, S., Mimoso, J., 'Physical-chemical characterization of historic Portuguese tiles', relat\u00f3rio LNEC 23\/2011-NPC\/NMM, Laborat\u00f3rio Nacional de Engenharia Civil, Lisboa (2011).","key":"ref54"}],"container-title":["Conservar Patrim\u00f3nio"],"original-title":["Caracteriza\u00e7\u00e3o qu\u00edmica, f\u00edsica e mineral\u00f3gica da colec\u00e7\u00e3o de azulejos hispano-mouriscos do Museu de Lisboa - Teatro Romano"],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,2]],"date-time":"2021-04-02T18:04:00Z","timestamp":1617386640000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/conservarpatrimonio.pt\/article\/view\/23140"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,10]]},"references-count":55,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14568\/cp2017011","relation":{},"ISSN":["1646-043X","2182-9942"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1646-043X"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2182-9942"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,10]]}}}