{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T16:33:33Z","timestamp":1791995613535,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Pacini Editore","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital"],"DOI":"10.14639\/0392-100x-n2283","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,2]],"date-time":"2023-03-02T06:44:37Z","timestamp":1677739477000},"page":"56-64","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["The role of vestibular cold caloric tests in the presence of spontaneous nystagmus","Il ruolo del test monotermico freddo in presenza di nistagmo spontaneo"],"prefix":"10.14639","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Mauro","family":"Gufoni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Augusto Pietro","family":"Casani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"20340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.14639\/0392-100X-N2283_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shepard NT, Jacobson GP. The caloric irrigation test. Hand Clin Neurol 2016;137:119-131. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/B978-0-444-63437-5.00009-1","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-63437-5.00009-1"},{"key":"10.14639\/0392-100X-N2283_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kerber KA. Acute vestibular syndrome. Semin Neurol 2020;40:59-66. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0039-3402739","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0039-3402739"},{"key":"10.14639\/0392-100X-N2283_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kerber KA, Meurer WJ, West BT, et al. Dizziness presentations in U.S. emergency departments, 1995-2004. Acad Emerg Med 2008;15:744-750. https:\/\/doi: 10.1111\/j.1553-2712.2008.00189","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1553-2712.2008.00189.x"},{"key":"10.14639\/0392-100X-N2283_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Edlow JA, Newman-Toker DE, Savitz SI. Diagnosis and initial management of cerebellar infarction. Lancet Neurol 2008;7:951-964. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s1474-4422(08)70216-3","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(08)70216-3"},{"key":"10.14639\/0392-100X-N2283_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee H, Sohn SI, Cho YW, et al. Cerebellar infarction presenting isolated vertigo: frequency and vascular topographical patterns. Neurology 2006;67:1178-1183. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/01.wnl.0000238500.02302.b4","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000238500.02302.b4"},{"key":"10.14639\/0392-100X-N2283_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Casani AP, Dallan I, Cerchiai N, et al. Cerebellar infarctions mimicking acute peripheral vertigo: how to avoid misdiagnosis? Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2013;148:475-481. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177%2F0194599812472614","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599812472614"},{"key":"10.14639\/0392-100X-N2283_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Norrving B, Magnusson M, Holtas S. Isolated acute vertigo in the elderly: vestibular or vascular disease? Acta Neurol Scand 1995;91:43-48. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0404.1995.tb05841.x","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.1995.tb06987.x"},{"key":"10.14639\/0392-100X-N2283_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Masuda Y, Tei H, Shimizu S, et al. Factors associated with the misdiagnosis of cerebellar infarction. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2013;22:1125-1130. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2012.10.004","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2012.10.004"},{"key":"10.14639\/0392-100X-N2283_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kattah JC, Talkad AV, Wang DZ, et al. HINTS to diagnose stroke in the acute vestibular syndrome: three-step bedside oculomotor examination more sensitive than early MRI diffusion-weighted imaging. Stroke 2009;40:3504-3510. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/strokeaha.109.551234","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.109.551234"},{"key":"10.14639\/0392-100X-N2283_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vanni S, Pecci R, Edlow JA, et al. Differential diagnosis of vertigo in the emergency department: a prospective validation study of the STANDING algorithm. Front Neurol 2017;8:590. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneur.2017.00590","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2017.00590"},{"key":"10.14639\/0392-100X-N2283_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Newman-Toker DE, Edlow JA. TiTrATE: a novel, evidence-based approach to diagnosing acute dizziness and vertigo. Neurol Clin 2015;33:577-599. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ncl.2015.04.011","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2015.04.011"},{"key":"10.14639\/0392-100X-N2283_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Edlow JA, Gurley KL, Newman-Toker DE. A new diagnostic approach to the adult patient with acute dizziness. J Emerg Med 2018;54:469-483. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.jemermed.2017.12.024","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2017.12.024"},{"key":"10.14639\/0392-100X-N2283_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"British Society of Audiology. Recommended procedure: the Caloric Test. Br J Audiol 1999;33:179-184.","DOI":"10.3109\/03005369909090097"},{"key":"10.14639\/0392-100X-N2283_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Morrison M, Korda A, Zamaro E, et al. Paradigm shift in acute dizziness: is caloric testing obsolete? J Neurol 2021:269:853-860. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00415-021-10667-7","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-021-10667-7"},{"key":"10.14639\/0392-100X-N2283_ref15","unstructured":"Jacobson GP, Newman CW. Background and technique of caloric testing. In: Jacobson GP, Newman CW, Kartoush JM, editors. Handbook of Balance function testing. St Louis, MO: Mosby Year Book; 1993. p. 156."},{"key":"10.14639\/0392-100X-N2283_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nelson JR. The minimal ice water test. Neurology 1969;19:577-585. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/wnl.19.6.577","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.19.6.577"},{"key":"10.14639\/0392-100X-N2283_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee JY, Kwon E, Kim HJ, et al. Dissociated results between caloric and video head impulse tests in dizziness: prevalence, pattern, lesion location, and etiology. J Clin Neurol 2020;16:277-284. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3988%2Fjcn.2020.16.2.277","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2020.16.2.277"},{"key":"10.14639\/0392-100X-N2283_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hannigan IP, Welgampola MS, Watson SRD. Dissociation of caloric and head impulse tests: a marker of Meniere\u2019s disease. J Neurol 2021;268:431-439. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00415-019-09431-9","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-019-09431-9"},{"key":"10.14639\/0392-100X-N2283_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Waissbluth S, Sep\u00falveda V. Dissociation between caloric and video head impulse tests in dizziness clinics. Audiol Res 2022;12:423-432. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/audiolres12040043","DOI":"10.3390\/audiolres12040043"},{"key":"10.14639\/0392-100X-N2283_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Furman JM, Wall C 3rd, Kamerer DB. Alternate and simultaneous binaural bithermal caloric testing: a comparison. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1988;97:359-364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/000348948809700406","DOI":"10.1177\/000348948809700406"}],"container-title":["Acta Otorhinolaryngologica Italica"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.actaitalica.it\/article\/view\/2283","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,23]],"date-time":"2024-10-23T07:21:31Z","timestamp":1729668091000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/old.actaitalica.it\/article\/view\/2283"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14639\/0392-100x-n2283","relation":{},"ISSN":["1827-675X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1827-675X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"article-number":"8"}}