{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T03:05:44Z","timestamp":1787022344927,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Charles University in Prague, Karolinum Press","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,23]],"date-time":"2022-11-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669161600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":326,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,23]],"date-time":"2022-11-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669161600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":326,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006109","name":"Vedeck\u00e1 Grantov\u00e1 Agent\u00fara M\u0160VVa\u0160 SR a SAV","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["VEGA 1\/0173\/19"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VEGA 1\/0173\/19"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006109","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Prague Med. Rep."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Pollution with heavy metal salts is an important environmental problem today, having an adverse effect on public health. The endocrine system maintains homeostasis in the body. The antioxidant protection (GPX-1) of the pineal gland in mature rats was studied. Animals of the experimental group represented a model of microelementosis, achieved by adding a mixture of heavy metal salts for 90 days to drinking water: zinc (ZnSO\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u00d77H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O) \u2013 5 mg\/l, copper (CuSO\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u00d75H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O) \u2013 1 mg\/l, iron (FeSO\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) \u2013 10 mg\/l, manganese (MnSO\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u00d75H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O) \u2013 0.1 mg\/l, lead (Pb(NO\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    )\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) \u2013 0.1 mg\/l, and chromium (K\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    Cr\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>7<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) \u2013 0.1 mg\/l. Morphological, statistical and immunohistochemical (GPX-1) research methods were used. Long-term (90-days) intake of heavy metal salts mixture in the body of experimental animals brought about development of the general adaptation syndrome, the stage of chronic stress \u201csubcompensation\u201d in the pineal gland. Morphological rearrangements were of nonspecific polymorphic nature as severe hemodynamics disorder in the organ, impairment of vascular wall morphology, development of tissue hypoxia and oxidative stress, accompanied by processes of accelerated apoptosis in part of pinealocytes, by a significant decrease in glutathione peroxidase level in the organ and reactive astrogliosis as a response to the damaging agent\u2019s action. Along with the negative changes in the pineal gland, a compensatory-adaptive processes with signs of functional stress also occurred. A sufficiently high degree of glutathione peroxidase activity in 39% of pinealocytes located perivascularly, active adaptive glial reaction and activation of synthetic processes in some pinealocytes were also observed.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.14712\/23362936.2022.21","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,23]],"date-time":"2022-11-23T08:56:18Z","timestamp":1669193778000},"page":"225-242","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A Response of the Pineal Gland in Sexually Mature Rats under Long-term Exposure to Heavy Metal Salts"],"prefix":"10.14712","volume":"123","author":[{"given":"Nataliia","family":"Hryntsova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ingrid","family":"Hodorov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josef","family":"Mikhaylik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anatoly","family":"Romanyuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"5727","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"23362936.2022.21_1","first-page":"100","volume":"18","author":"Apikhtina","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. 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