{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T12:46:57Z","timestamp":1780318017179,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Caleo","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,16]],"date-time":"2025-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752624000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Endod J."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: The flexibility and fracture resistance of nickel-titanium (NiTi) files have revolutionised root canal preparation\u2014but file fractures caused by cyclic fatigue or torsional failure are challenging. Thermal pretreatments aim to improve fatigue resistance. This study compared the cyclic fatigue resistance (CFR) of four novel reciprocating NiTi file systems with low- versus high-temperature thermal modification under simulated clinical conditions.Methods: Four systems (n=50) were investigated in vitro: low heat (LH; EdgeOne R-Utopia (Edge Endo, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA); Procodile Q (Komet Dental, Lemgo, Germany)) and high heat (HH; Reciproc Blue (VDW GmbH, Munich, Germany); CC One Blue (Bondent, San Clemente, California, USA)). CFR was tested under simulated conditions (35\u00b11\u00b0C). Two canal configurations were used: a single-curvature canal (60\u00b0, 5 mm radius, curvature centre 6 mm from the tip) and a double-curvature canal (additional 70\u00b0, 2 mm radius, curvature centre 2 mm from the tip). The files were tested in a \u2018pecking\u2019 motion (3 mm stroke, 0.5 Hz) until fracture occurred. The time to fracture (TTF), number of cycles to fracture (NCF) and fragment length (FL) were measured. Weibull analysis was performed to assess reliability and predict fracture behavior. Fracture fragments were analysed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Two-factor ANOVA was performed using instrument type and canal configuration as independent variables for each outcome measure (TTF, NCF, FL). Post hoc comparisons were conducted using Tukey-HSD (\u03b1 = 0.05). Normal distribution was confirmed using Shapiro-Wilk testing.Results: Differences in CFR were not significant between LH and HH systems (p=0.203), but were between file systems (p<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.14744\/eej.2025.95866","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,17]],"date-time":"2025-07-17T08:08:57Z","timestamp":1752739737000},"page":"333-342","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Influence of Thermal Pretreatments on the Cyclic Fatigue Resistance of Novel Reciprocating Nickel-Titanium Files: A Comparison of Low- and High-Temperature Modified Systems"],"prefix":"10.65717","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Christoph Matthias","family":"Schoppmeier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malin","family":"Janson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florian Konstantin","family":"Wittich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna Greta","family":"Barbe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"55248","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,16]]},"container-title":["European Endodontic Journal"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.eurendodj.com\/index.php\/pub\/article\/download\/339\/339","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.eurendodj.com\/index.php\/pub\/article\/download\/339\/339","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T12:17:11Z","timestamp":1769084231000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.eurendodj.com\/index.php\/pub\/article\/view\/339"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,16]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,16]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14744\/eej.2025.95866","relation":{},"ISSN":["2548-0839"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2548-0839","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,16]]}}}