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Such storage and computation requirements put significant burdens on the blockchain system, not only limiting system scalability but also undermining system security and robustness by making the network more centralized. To tackle these problems, in this paper, we propose SlimChain, a novel blockchain system that scales transactions through off-chain storage and parallel processing. Advocating a stateless design, SlimChain maintains only the short commitments of ledger states on-chain while dedicating transaction executions and data storage to off-chain nodes. To realize SlimChain, we propose new schemes for off-chain smart contract execution, on-chain transaction validation, and state commitment. We also propose optimizations to reduce network transmissions and a new sharding technique to improve system scalability further. Extensive experiments are conducted to validate the performance of the proposed SlimChain system. Compared with the existing systems, SlimChain reduces the on-chain storage requirements by 97% ~ 99%, while also improving the peak throughput by 1.4\u00d7 ~ 15.6\u00d7.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.14778\/3476249.3476283","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,27]],"date-time":"2021-10-27T12:46:23Z","timestamp":1635338783000},"page":"2314-2326","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":163,"title":["SlimChain"],"prefix":"10.14778","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Cheng","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Simon Fraser University and Hong Kong Baptist University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ce","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hong Kong Baptist University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianliang","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hong Kong Baptist University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Pei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Simon Fraser University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3035918.3064033"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3299869.3300083"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 37th IEEE International Conference on Data Engineering, 996--1007","author":"Zhang C."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","unstructured":"S. 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