{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T03:13:42Z","timestamp":1774926822060,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. VLDB Endow."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            We propose WALTZ, an LSM tree-based key-value store on the emerging Zoned Namespace (ZNS) SSD. The key contribution of WALTZ is to leverage the\n            <jats:italic>zone append<\/jats:italic>\n            command, which is a recent addition to ZNS SSD specifications, to provide tight tail latency. The long tail latency problem caused by the merging process of multiple parallel writes, called\n            <jats:italic>batch-group<\/jats:italic>\n            writes, is effectively addressed by the internal synchronization mechanism of ZNS SSD. To provide fast failover when the active zone becomes full for a write-ahead log (WAL) file during parallel append, WALTZ introduces a mechanism for WAL zone replacement and reservation. Finally, lazy metadata management allows a put query to be processed fast without requiring any other synchronizations to enable lock-free execution of individual append commands. For evaluation we use both mi-crobenchmarks (db_bench) with varying read\/write ratios and key skewnesses, and realistic social-graph workloads (MixGraph from Facebook). Our evaluation demonstrates geomean reduction of tail latency by 2.19\u00d7 and 2.45\u00d7 for db_bench and MixGraph, respectively, with a maximum reduction of 3.02\u00d7 and 4.73\u00d7. As a side effect of eliminating the overhead of batch-group writes, WALTZ also improves the query throughput (QPS) by up to 11.7%.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.14778\/3611479.3611495","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,25]],"date-time":"2023-08-25T02:08:08Z","timestamp":1692929288000},"page":"2884-2896","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["WALTZ: Leveraging Zone Append to Tighten the Tail Latency of LSM Tree on ZNS SSD"],"prefix":"10.14778","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Jongsung","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Seoul National University and Samsung Electronics, Korea"}]},{"given":"Donguk","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seoul National University and Samsung Electronics, Korea"}]},{"given":"Jae W.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seoul National University, Korea"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","unstructured":"Apache. 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