{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,11]],"date-time":"2026-01-11T05:13:48Z","timestamp":1768108428840,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":95,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. VLDB Endow."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Maximizing transaction throughput is key to high-performance database systems, which focus on minimizing data access conflicts to improve performance. However, finding efficient schedules that reduce conflicts remains an open problem. For efficiency, previous scheduling techniques consider only a small subset of possible schedules. In this work, we propose systematically exploring the entire schedule space, proactively identifying efficient schedules, and executing them precisely during execution to improve throughput. We introduce a greedy scheduling policy, SMF, that efficiently finds fast schedules and outperforms state-of-the-art search techniques. To realize the benefits of these schedules in practice, we develop a schedule-first concurrency control protocol, MVSchedO, that enforces fine-grained operation orders. We implement both in our system R-SMF, a modified version of RocksDB, to achieve up to a 3.9\u00d7 increase in throughput and 3.2\u00d7 reduction in tail latency on a range of benchmarks and real-world workloads.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.14778\/3681954.3681956","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,30]],"date-time":"2024-08-30T16:23:36Z","timestamp":1725035016000},"page":"2694-2707","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Towards Optimal Transaction Scheduling"],"prefix":"10.14778","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Audrey","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UC Berkeley"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aaron","family":"Kabcenell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Meta"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UC Berkeley"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unaffliated"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Bailis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Google"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Natacha","family":"Crooks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UC Berkeley"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ion","family":"Stoica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UC Berkeley"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","unstructured":"2020. MySQL Transactional and Locking Statements. https:\/\/dev.mysql.com\/doc\/refman\/8.0\/en\/sql-transactional-statements.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","unstructured":"2023. DariusDB. https:\/\/github.com\/audreyccheng\/DariusDB"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","unstructured":"2024. CockroachDB Transaction Layer. https:\/\/www.cockroachlabs.com\/docs\/stable\/architecture\/transaction-layer"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","unstructured":"2024. PostgreSQL. https:\/\/www.postgresql.org\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","unstructured":"2024. RocksDB Tuning Guide. https:\/\/github.com\/facebook\/rocksdb\/wiki\/RocksDB-Tuning-Guide"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/44203.44209"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/132271.132276"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.34.3.391"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","unstructured":"Atul Adya Barbara Liskov and Patrick O'Neil. 2000. Generalized Isolation Level Definitions. (2000) 67--78."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","volume-title":"15th Workshop on Hot Topics in Operating Systems (HotOS XV). USENIX Association","author":"Ajoux Phillipe","year":"2015","unstructured":"Phillipe Ajoux, Nathan Bronson, Sanjeev Kumar, Wyatt Lloyd, and Kaushik Veeraraghavan. 2015. Challenges to Adopting Stronger Consistency at Scale. In 15th Workshop on Hot Topics in Operating Systems (HotOS XV). USENIX Association, Kartause Ittingen, Switzerland. https:\/\/www.usenix.org\/conference\/hotos15\/workshop-program\/presentation\/ajoux"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/opre.3.4.429"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aam.2010.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2588555.2588562"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/319996.319998"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","volume-title":"Concurrency Control and Recovery in Database Systems","author":"Bernstein Philip A.","unstructured":"Philip A. Bernstein, Vassos Hadzilacos, and Nathan Goodman. 1987. Concurrency Control and Recovery in Database Systems. Addison-Wesley."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/160231.160247"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","volume-title":"2013 USENIX Annual Technical Conference (USENIX ATC '13)","author":"Bronson Nathan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nathan Bronson, Zach Amsden, George Cabrera, Prasad Chakka, Peter Dimov, Hui Ding, Jack Ferris, Anthony Giardullo, Sachin Kulkarni, Harry Li, et al. 2013. TAO: Facebook's Distributed Data Store for the Social Graph. In 2013 USENIX Annual Technical Conference (USENIX ATC '13). 49--60."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3552326.3567500"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3588706"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14257\/ijhit.2015.8.11.23"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3514221.3517879"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","volume-title":"17th USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation (OSDI 23)","author":"Cheng Audrey","year":"2023","unstructured":"Audrey Cheng, David Chu, Terrance Li, Jason Chan, Natacha Crooks, Joseph M. Hellerstein, Ion Stoica, and Xiangyao Yu. 2023. Take Out the TraChe: Maximizing (Tra)nsactional Ca(che) Hit Rate. In 17th USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation (OSDI 23). USENIX Association, Boston, MA, 419--439."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14778\/3538598.3538616"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14778\/3476311.3476379"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","volume-title":"A tutorial survey of job-shop scheduling problems using genetic algorithms---I. Representation. Computers & industrial engineering 30, 4","author":"Cheng Runwei","year":"1996","unstructured":"Runwei Cheng, Mitsuo Gen, and Yasuhiro Tsujimura. 1996. A tutorial survey of job-shop scheduling problems using genetic algorithms---I. Representation. Computers & industrial engineering 30, 4 (1996), 983--997."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-8352(99)00136-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","unstructured":"The Transaction Processing Performance Council. 2021. TPC-C. http:\/\/www.tpc.org\/tpcc\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14778\/1920841.1920853"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the first International Conference on Genetic Algorithms and their Applications. Psychology Press, 136--140","author":"Davis Lawrence","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lawrence Davis. 2014. Job Shop Scheduling with Genetic Algorithms. In Proceedings of the first International Conference on Genetic Algorithms and their Applications. Psychology Press, 136--140."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/160231.160252"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14778\/2732240.2732246"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Optimizing Space Amplification in RocksDB","volume":"3","author":"Dong Siying","year":"2017","unstructured":"Siying Dong, Mark Callaghan, Leonidas Galanis, Dhruba Borthakur, Tony Savor, and Michael Strum. 2017. Optimizing Space Amplification in RocksDB.. In CIDR, Vol. 3. 3.","journal-title":"CIDR"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","first-page":"8","article-title":"Fine-Grained Re-Execution for Efficient Batched Commit of Distributed","volume":"16","author":"Dong Zhiyuan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhiyuan Dong, Zhaoguo Wang, Xiaodong Zhang, Xian Xu, Changgeng Zhao, Haibo Chen, Aurojit Panda, and Jinyang Li. 2023. Fine-Grained Re-Execution for Efficient Batched Commit of Distributed Transactions. Proc. VLDB Endow. 16, 8 (apr 2023), 1930--1943.","journal-title":"Transactions. Proc. VLDB Endow."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","unstructured":"Facebook. 2023. RocksDB Github. https:\/\/github.com\/facebook\/rocksdb"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14778\/2809974.2809981"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14778\/3055540.3055553"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2588555.2610529"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","volume-title":"Jorge Jos\u00e9 de Magalh\u00e3es Mendes, and Maur\u0131cio GC Resende","author":"Gon\u00e7alves Jos\u00e9 Fernando","year":"2005","unstructured":"Jos\u00e9 Fernando Gon\u00e7alves, Jorge Jos\u00e9 de Magalh\u00e3es Mendes, and Maur\u0131cio GC Resende. 2005. A Hybrid Genetic Algorithm for the Job Shop Scheduling Problem. European journal of operational research 167, 1 (2005), 77--95."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3448016.3457294"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"G.J. Hahn and W.Q. Meeker. 1991. Statistical Intervals. Wiley & Sons Inc New York NY.","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470316771"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3035918.3064016"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01719451"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00207540210161650"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0377-2217(98)00113-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_1","first-page":"112","article-title":"A Time-Driven Scheduling Model for Real-Time Operating Systems","volume":"85","author":"Jensen E Douglas","year":"1985","unstructured":"E Douglas Jensen, C Douglass Locke, and Hideyuki Tokuda. 1985. A Time-Driven Scheduling Model for Real-Time Operating Systems. In Rtss, Vol. 85. 112--122.","journal-title":"Rtss"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0272-6963(82)90004-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_48_1","first-page":"354","article-title":"A Review of Data Classification Using K-Nearest Neighbour Algorithm","volume":"3","author":"Kataria Aman","year":"2013","unstructured":"Aman Kataria and MD Singh. 2013. A Review of Data Classification Using K-Nearest Neighbour Algorithm. International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering 3, 6 (2013), 354--360.","journal-title":"International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_49_1","volume-title":"Alexander HG Rinnooy Kan, and David B Shmoys.","author":"Lawler Eugene L","year":"1993","unstructured":"Eugene L Lawler, Jan Karel Lenstra, Alexander HG Rinnooy Kan, and David B Shmoys. 1993. Sequencing and scheduling: Algorithms and complexity. Handbooks in operations research and management science 4 (1993), 445--522."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2021.107211"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3035918.3064015"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/321738.321743"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpe.2017.06.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14778\/3407790.3407808"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_55_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 12th USENIX Conference on Networked Systems Design and Implementation","author":"Mace Jonathan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jonathan Mace, Peter Bodik, Rodrigo Fonseca, and Madanlal Musuvathi. 2015. Retro: Targeted Resource Management in Multi-Tenant Distributed Systems. In Proceedings of the 12th USENIX Conference on Networked Systems Design and Implementation (Oakland, CA) (NSDI'15). USENIX Association, USA, 589--603."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_56_1","volume-title":"SQLVM: Performance Isolation in Multi-Tenant Relational Database-as-a-Service. In CIDR 2013 (cidr 2013 ed.). 6th Biennial Conference on Innovative Data Systems Research.","author":"Narasayya Vivek","year":"2013","unstructured":"Vivek Narasayya, Sudipto Das, Manoj Syamala, Badrish Chandramouli, and Surajit Chaudhuri. 2013. SQLVM: Performance Isolation in Multi-Tenant Relational Database-as-a-Service. In CIDR 2013 (cidr 2013 ed.). 6th Biennial Conference on Innovative Data Systems Research."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0305-0483(83)90088-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2723372.2749436"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/69.404027"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/322154.322158"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2213836.2213844"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14778\/2367502.2367523"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3318464.3389764"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3274808.3274810"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3477132.3483591"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_66_1","volume-title":"Real-time databases. Distributed and parallel databases 1","author":"Ramamritham Krithi","year":"1993","unstructured":"Krithi Ramamritham. 1993. Real-time databases. Distributed and parallel databases 1 (1993), 199--226."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omega.2018.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_68_1","volume-title":"A simple and effective iterated greedy algorithm for the permutation flowshop scheduling problem. European journal of operational research 177, 3","author":"Ruiz Rub\u00e9n","year":"2007","unstructured":"Rub\u00e9n Ruiz and Thomas St\u00fctzle. 2007. A simple and effective iterated greedy algorithm for the permutation flowshop scheduling problem. European journal of operational research 177, 3 (2007), 2033--2049."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00170-005-0375-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10696-021-09437-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2006.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1161089.1161116"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_73_1","volume-title":"Solving the flexible job shop scheduling problem with sequence-dependent setup times. European journal of operational research 265, 2","author":"Shen Liji","year":"2018","unstructured":"Liji Shen, St\u00e9phane Dauz\u00e8re-P\u00e9r\u00e8s, and Janis S Neufeld. 2018. Solving the flexible job shop scheduling problem with sequence-dependent setup times. European journal of operational research 265, 2 (2018), 503--516."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3329859.3329871"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_75_1","volume-title":"Performance Isolation and Fairness for Multi-Tenant Cloud Storage. In 10th USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation (OSDI 12)","author":"Shue David","year":"2012","unstructured":"David Shue, Michael J. Freedman, and Anees Shaikh. 2012. Performance Isolation and Fairness for Multi-Tenant Cloud Storage. In 10th USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation (OSDI 12). USENIX Association, Hollywood, CA, 349--362."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_76_1","volume-title":"Deadline Scheduling for Real-Time Systems: EDF and Related Algorithms","author":"Stankovic John A","unstructured":"John A Stankovic, Marco Spuri, Krithi Ramamritham, and Giorgio Buttazzo. 1998. Deadline Scheduling for Real-Time Systems: EDF and Related Algorithms. Vol. 460. Springer Science & Business Media."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3035918.3064031"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_78_1","volume-title":"Elmore","author":"Tang Dixin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dixin Tang, Hao Jiang, and Aaron J. Elmore. 2017. Adaptive Concurrency Control: Despite the Looking Glass, One Concurrency Control Does Not Fit All. In CIDR, Vol. 2."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_79_1","unstructured":"The H-Store team. 2013. SmallBank Benchmark. http:\/\/hstore.cs.brown.edu\/documentation\/deployment\/benchmarks\/smallbank\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_80_1","volume-title":"Abadi","author":"Thomson Alexander","year":"2012","unstructured":"Alexander Thomson, Thaddeus Diamond, Shu-Chun Weng, Kun Ren, Philip Shao, and Daniel J. Abadi. 2012. Calvin: Fast Distributed Transactions for Partitioned Database Systems (SIGMOD '12). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 1--12."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3187009.3177740"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2517349.2522713"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/184964.184974"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_84_1","volume-title":"Emile HL Aarts, and Jan Karel Lenstra","author":"Van Laarhoven Peter JM","year":"1992","unstructured":"Peter JM Van Laarhoven, Emile HL Aarts, and Jan Karel Lenstra. 1992. Job Shop Scheduling by Simulated Annealing. Operations research 40, 1 (1992), 113--125."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_85_1","volume-title":"Polyjuice: High-Performance Transactions via Learned Concurrency Control. In OSDI. 198--216.","author":"Wang Jia-Chen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jia-Chen Wang, Ding Ding, Huan Wang, Conrad Christensen, Zhaoguo Wang, Haibo Chen, and Jinyang Li. 2021. Polyjuice: High-Performance Transactions via Learned Concurrency Control. In OSDI. 198--216."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0305-0548(99)00137-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2882903.2882934"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2815400.2815430"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_89_1","volume-title":"Review on flexible job shop scheduling. IET collaborative intelligent manufacturing 1, 3","author":"Xie Jin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jin Xie, Liang Gao, Kunkun Peng, Xinyu Li, and Haoran Li. 2019. Review on flexible job shop scheduling. IET collaborative intelligent manufacturing 1, 3 (2019), 67--77."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11241-008-9055-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14778\/2876473.2876479"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3514221.3526161"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3588724"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2882903.2882935"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3318464.3389724"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2009.06.008"}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.14778\/3681954.3681956","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,4]],"date-time":"2024-09-04T18:34:31Z","timestamp":1725474871000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.14778\/3681954.3681956"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"references-count":95,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.14778\/3681954.3681956"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14778\/3681954.3681956","relation":{},"ISSN":["2150-8097"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2150-8097","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-08-30","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}