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To handle the efficiency issues, we develop the first solution to approximately compute LDV with an\n            <jats:italic>\u03f5<\/jats:italic>\n            -relative error guarantee, which consists of two main parts. First, we develop the new indexing structure, called length-aggregation-based grid structure (LARGE). Second, based on LARGE, we develop two types of fast bound functions, namely (1) square-shaped lower and upper bound functions and (2) arbitrary-shaped lower and upper bound functions, which can filter a large portion of unnecessary computations. By theoretically analyzing the tightness of our bound functions and experimentally comparing our solution with existing exact solutions on four large-scale datasets, we demonstrate that our solution can be scalable to generate high-resolution LDVs using large-scale datasets. In particular, our solution achieves up to 291.8x speedups over the state-of-the-art solutions.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.14778\/3704965.3704968","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,18]],"date-time":"2025-02-18T17:22:57Z","timestamp":1739899377000},"page":"4585-4598","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["LARGE: A Length-Aggregation-Based Grid Structure for Line Density Visualization"],"prefix":"10.14778","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Tsz Nam","family":"Chan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bojian","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hong Kong Baptist University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dingming","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Blockchain, Guangzhou University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leong Hou","family":"U","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Macau"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","unstructured":"[n. d.]. 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